Colá — Mediated Wiki

{{Short description|Cape Verdean music genre}} {{Use mdy dates|date=February 2021}} {{for multi|the soft drink|Cola|other uses|Cola (disambiguation)}} {{Infobox music genre | name = Colá | stylistic_origins = | cultural_origins = Cape Verde | instruments = Vocals, drums | derivatives = | fusiongenres = | subgenrelist = | subgenres = | regional_scenes = | other_topics = }} '''Colá''' is a musical genre of Cape Verdean music. thumb|right|350px|Festival of S. João (Saint John the Baptist), S.Vicente

==As a genre music== As a music genre, colá is characterized by having an ''andante'' tempo, a 6/8<ref>Brito, M., ''Breves Apontamentos sobre as Formas Musicais existentes em Cabo Verde'' — 1998</ref> or 3/4 measure and traditionally it is just melodic, i.e., it is just sung, it has no polyphonic accompaniment. [[File:Kolá rhythm.png|thumb|right|350px|Rhythmic model of colá, ± 112 bpm.]] In its traditional form, it is structured like a chain of {{lang|pt|melopeias}} (songs or recitals).

Today, cola has been composed in another form by recent composers.

==As a dance== As a dance, colá is traditionally celebrated in a street parade.

==History== Little is known about the history of colá. This music genre is the most popular in the Barlavento Islands (which were later populated), one source stated that it was developed around the 17th century.

However, it is known with other affinities with more popular genres of Santiago Island,<ref name="Gonçalves">{{cite book|last=Gonçalves|first=C. F.|title=Kab Verd Band|year=2006}}</ref> along with batuque and tabanka.

==As a cultural festival== The music style is featured in religious music festivals in Cape Verde which occurs in the months of May of June. The objective would be having a good agriculture, celebrated before the rainy season.

According to Félix Monteiro,<ref>Monteiro, Félix, ''Bandeiras da Ilha do Fogo – O Senhor e o Escravo Divertem-se'', ''Claridade — Revista de artes e letras'', no. 8 – 1958</ref> the word ''kolâ'' is of African origin (Mandinka) meaning "to acclaim, praise aloud, homage" According to the dates, colá music is best known for religious festivals, according to their patron saint of an area or the island. In Santo Antão "cola-se", the festival of Santa Cruz (Holy Cross) on May 3 in the areas of Coculi and Chã das Pedras, Saint Anthony (Santo António) on June 13 in Pombas, Saint John the Baptist (São João Batista) on June 24 in Porto Novo and Saint Peter the Apostle (São Pedro Apóstolo) on June 29 in Garça. On the island of São Vicente, the festival of Santa Cruz in Salamansa, Saint John the Baptist (São João Batista) in Ribeira de Julião and Saint Peter in São Pedro. In São Nicolau, it is used during the festivals of Saint Peter (São Pedro) and São Pedrinho. On the island of Sal,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sal Island {{!}} Beach, Tourism & Nature {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Sal-Island |access-date=2025-01-06 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> it is used for the festivals of the Holy Cross (Santa Cruz) and Saint John (São João) in Espargos, the island of Boa Vista mainly in Fundo das Figueiras and all of the island of Brava (patron saint of the island), in which is known as '''''kulinha'''''<ref name="Gonçalves"/> or '''kolâ San Djan'''.

==Fogo tabanka== Musically related with colá, this cultural music genre is known as '''colêxa''' (or '''kolexa''') or '''Fogo tabanka''' (also as '''Fogo tabanca''', Portuguese: ''Tabanka do Fogo'', ''Tabanca do Fogo''), on the island with the same name. [[File:Kolexa rhythm.png|thumb|right|350px|Rhythmic model of colêxa, ± 75 bpm.]]

This variant is used each year in a religious and municipal festival of '''Festa da Bandeira''', which celebrates its saint, it is celebrated each year on May 1 in the city of São Filipe whose patron saint is Saint Philip.

==Examples== {{Unreferenced section|date=June 2024}} * «Sanjon na R’bêra d’ Jilion», traditional Arranged by Franck Cavaquim no álbum «Sanjon na R’bêra d’ Jilion » (ed. ? — 1976) * «Midj’ má tambor» by Kiki Lima Performed by Kiki Lima on the album «Midj’ má tambor» (ed. ? — 1980?) * «Tema para dois» by Zeca Couto Performed by Os Tubarões on the album «Tema para dois» (ed. ? — 1982) * «Romaria» by Toy Vieira Performed by Lura on the album «M’ bem di fora» (ed. ? — 2006) * «Rogá mar» by Teófilo Chantre Performed by Cesária Évora on the album «Rogá mar» (ed. Lusáfrica, Paris – 2006)

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== * [http://www.attambur.com/Recolhas/PDF/FormasMusicaisCaboVerde.pdf Brief Notes on the Musical Forms in Cape Verde] (pdf) {{in lang|pt}} * [http://www.caboindex.com/musica/ Music and Cape Verdeans in Lisbon] {{in lang|pt}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cola}} Category:Music of Cape Verde Category:Culture of São Vicente, Cape Verde