{{Short description|Spice made from chili peppers}} {{Use mdy dates|date=July 2017}} [[File:BolivianChilePowder2.JPG|right|thumb|Bulk chili powder for sale in Bolivia]] '''Chili powder''' (also spelled''' chile''', '''chilli''', or, alternatively, '''powdered chili''') is the dried, pulverized fruit of one or more varieties of chili pepper, sometimes with the addition of other spices (in which case it is also sometimes known as '''chili powder blend''' or '''chili seasoning mix''').<ref name="Farrell 1998">{{cite book | last=Farrell | first=K.T. | title=Spices, Condiments and Seasonings | publisher=Springer US | series=Chapman & Hall | year=1998 | isbn=978-0-8342-1337-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ehAFUhWV4QMC&pg=PA215 | pages=215–217}}</ref> It is used as a spice (or spice blend) to add pungency (piquancy) and flavor to culinary dishes. In American English, the spelling is usually "chili"; in British English, "chilli" (with two "l"s) is used consistently.
Chili powder is used in many different cuisines, including American (particularly Tex-Mex), Chinese, Indian, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi, Mexican, Nigerian, Portuguese, Vietnamese and Thai.
== Varieties ==
Chili powder is sometimes known by the specific type of chili pepper used. Varieties of chili peppers used to make chili powder include Aleppo, ancho, cayenne, chipotle, chile de árbol, jalapeño, New Mexico, pasilla, and piri piri chili peppers. ''Gochugaru'' is a variety used in Korean cuisine traditionally made from sun-dried Korean red chili peppers known as ''taeyang-cho'', with spicier varieties using Cheongyang peppers.<ref name="Smith">{{Cite web|url=http://www.onegreenplanet.org/vegan-food/what-is-gochugaru/|title=Gochugaru: The Hot, Sweet, Smoky Red Pepper Powder That is the Taste Behind Many Korean Foods|last=Smith|first=Kat|date=8 March 2017|website=One Green Planet|access-date=28 July 2017|archive-date=June 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603222547/https://www.onegreenplanet.org/vegan-food/what-is-gochugaru/|url-status=live}}</ref> Ata gun gun powder is widely used in Yoruba cuisine.<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Kazaure |first=Sule Zakari |date=February 1999 |title=Analysis of Three Varieties of Pepper for Ascorbic Acid and Some Essential Minerals |url=https://kubanni.abu.edu.ng/handle/123456789/1280 |language=en |publisher=Ahmadu Bello University |location=Zaria, Nigeria}}</ref> Kashmiri chili powder is bright red, but mild in heat and used in Indian cuisine, named after the region of Kashmir.{{cn|date=October 2024}}
<gallery class="center" mode=nolines widths="172" heights="160" caption="Chili powder varieties"> File:Aleppopepper.jpg|Aleppo pepper File:Anchochilipowder.JPG|Ancho chili powder File:Pilipili-spice.jpg|Piri piri powder File:India - Kolkata 2 - 24 - New Market spice shops (3504585620).jpg|Indian chili powder (from red chilis) File:Gochugaru.jpg|Gochugaru (Korean chili powder) </gallery>
== Blends == Chili powder blends are composed chiefly of chili peppers and blended with other spices including cumin, onion, garlic powder, and sometimes salt.<ref>{{Cite web|title=AB's Chili Powder Recipe|last=Brown|first=Alton|author-link=Alton Brown|date=August 18, 2004|website=Good Eats|publisher=Food Network|url=https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/alton-brown/abs-chili-powder-recipe-1943055|access-date=July 26, 2024|df=mdy-all|archive-date=July 27, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240727061616/https://www.foodnetwork.com//recipes/alton-brown/abs-chili-powder-recipe-1943055|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Bradshaw|first=Eleanor|title=How to Make Your Own Chili Powder; or, Some Like it Hot|date=June 1997|url=http://www.texascooking.com/features/jun97chilepowder.htm|publisher=Texas Cooking Online, Inc.|access-date=September 11, 2007|archive-date=August 12, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812042052/https://www.texascooking.com/features/jun97chilepowder.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The chilis are most commonly red chili peppers; "hot" varieties usually also include cayenne pepper. As a result of the varying recipes used, the spiciness of any given chili powder is variable.{{cn|date=October 2024}}
The first commercial blends of chili powder in the U.S. were created by D.C. Pendery and William Gebhardt for chili con carne.<ref>{{Citation|title=Chili Conquers the U.S.A.|url=http://www.fiery-foods.com/dave/chiliconcarne2.asp|year=2003|last1=DeWitt|last2=Gerlach|first1=Dave|first2=Nancy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070915042846/http://www.fiery-foods.com/Dave/chiliconcarne2.asp|url-status=dead|work=The Great Chili con Carne Project|publisher=Fiery-Foods.com|access-date=September 11, 2007|archive-date=September 15, 2007|df=mdy}}</ref> Gebhardt opened Miller's Saloon in New Braunfels, Texas. Chili was the town's favorite dish. However, chili peppers could only be found at certain times of the year. Gebhardt imported some ancho peppers from Mexico and ran the peppers through a small meat grinder three times and created the first commercial chili powder in 1894.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wikibases.org/databases/cgi-bin/kwq.asp?qu=@recnumber%20FBA10003239&FreeText=&sc=%2Fpierianp%2Ffba%2F|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228163345/http://wikibases.org/databases/cgi-bin/kwq.asp?qu=@recnumber%20FBA10003239&FreeText=&sc=%2Fpierianp%2Ffba%2F|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 28, 2019|title=Man Who Invented Chili Powder|last=Massey|first=Sarah|date=March 1, 1997|work=The Pierian Press|access-date=August 25, 2011}}</ref>
Chili blends are found in spice blends like Yaji.
== Chili in food == {{Cookbook|Chili Powder}} Chili powder is very commonly seen in traditional African, Latin American and Asian cuisine. It is used in soups, ewa agoyin, tacos, enchiladas, fajitas, curries and meat.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Inside the Spice Cabinet: Chili Powder|url=https://www.thekitchn.com/inside-the-spice-cabinet-chili-powder-126876|access-date=2022-02-09|website=Kitchn|language=en|archive-date=February 9, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220209153502/https://www.thekitchn.com/inside-the-spice-cabinet-chili-powder-126876|url-status=live}}</ref>
Chili powder blend is the primary flavor in American chili con carne.<ref name="Farrell 1998"/>
== See also == {{portal|Food}} * Crushed red pepper * Food powder * Paprika
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== * {{Wiktionary-inline}} * {{commons category-inline}}
{{Herbs & spices}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Chili pepper dishes Category:Korean cuisine Category:Spices Chili