Chief of the United States Army Reserve

{{Short description|Commanding officer of the U.S. Army Reserve and its highest-ranking member}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}} {{Use American English|date=January 2022}} {{Infobox official post | post = Chief | body = the United States Army Reserve | native_name = | insignia = United States AR seal.svg | insigniasize = 100px | insigniacaption = Seal of the U.S. Army Reserve | flag = Flag of the Chief of the US Army Reserve.svg | flagsize = 120px | flagborder = y | flagcaption = Flag of the U.S. Army Reserve | image = LTG Robert D. Harter (3).jpg | imagesize = | alt = | incumbent = Lieutenant General Robert Harter | acting = | incumbentsince = 1 August 2024 | department = Office of the Chief of Army Reserve<br/>Army Staff | style = | type = Reserve component commander | status = | abbreviation = CAR | member_of = Reserve Forces Policy Board | reports_to = Secretary of the Army {{small|(as Chief of Army Reserve)}}<br>Chief of Staff of the United States Army {{small|(as Chief of Army Reserve)}}<br>Commanding General, United States Army Forces Command {{small|(as Commanding General, U.S. Army Reserve Command)}} | residence = | seat = Office of the Chief of Army Reserve, Fort Bragg, North Carolina | nominator = | appointer = The president | appointer_qualified = with Senate advice and consent | termlength = 4 years | termlength_qualified = Renewable | constituting_instrument = {{USCode|10|7038}} | precursor = | formation = 12 June 1923 | first = MAJ Charles F. Thompson {{small|(as Chief of Reserve Section, G-2)}}<br />MG Frederick M. Warren {{small|(as Chief of Army Reserve)}} | last = | abolished = | succession = | unofficial_names = | deputy = Deputy Chief of Army Reserve | salary = | website = {{url|https://www.usar.army.mil/ChiefArmyReserve/|www.usar.army.mil}} }}

The '''chief of the United States Army Reserve''' ('''CAR''')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.unl.edu/armyrotc/HandbookChapters/appendixC.pdf|title=Appendix C - Military and Army Acronyms, Abbreviations and Terms|publisher=University of Nebraska-Lincoln|access-date=8 January 2022}}</ref> is the commanding officer of the United States Army Reserve, the reserve component of the United States Army. As the highest-ranking officer in the United States Army Reserve, the CAR<ref>This does not include the director of the Army National Guard, who also reports to the chief of the National Guard Bureau and secretary of the Army for Army National Guard matters.</ref> is the principal advisor to the chief of staff of the Army on all matters relating to the Army Reserve, and is responsible for the personnel, operations and construction budgets of the Army Reserve, subject to the supervision and control of the secretary of the Army.<ref name="law">{{USCode|10|7038}} - Office of Army Reserve: appointment of Chief.</ref> Dual-hatted as Commanding General, United States Army Reserve Command, the CAR is also responsible to the Commanding General, United States Army Forces Command for the oversight of operationally-deployed Army Reserve forces.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usar.army.mil/USARC/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302022933/https://www.usar.army.mil/USARC/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 March 2021|title=WHO WE ARE-U.S. Army Reserve Command|website=U.S. Army Reserve Command}}</ref>

By statute, the CAR is a member of the Army Staff,<ref>{{USCode|10|7031}} - The Army Staff: function; composition.</ref> as well as one of five Army Reserve members of the Reserve Forces Policy Board.<ref>{{USC|10|10302}} - Army Reserve Forces Policy Committee.</ref> The CAR is also designated by statute as the executive agent for the Full Time Support Program, a personnel program under the Department of Defense. The Chief's headquarters is the Office of the Chief of Army Reserve, housed at Fort Bragg, North Carolina.

The 34th chief of the Army Reserve is Lieutenant General Robert Harter.

==Appointment and rank== [[File:U.S. Army Reserve receives new commanding general, Chief Army Reserve 200728-A-MP372-426.jpg|thumb|left|Jody J. Daniels is sworn in as the Chief of Army Reserve on 28 July 2020.]] As an officer's appointment in the United States Armed Forces, the nominee requires confirmation by the United States Senate by majority vote. The chief of Army Reserve is nominated for appointment by the president of the United States with the advice and/or recommendation of the secretary of defense and secretary of the Army, as well as a determination from the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff that the nominee has had significant joint duty experience.<ref name="law"/>

Until 1968, the office of the chief of the Army Reserve was not set by statute due to concerns that institutionalizing a commander of Army reserve forces would separate it from the Regular Army, much like how the Militia Act of 1903 had rendered the early National Guard independent from the Regular Army.<ref>{{cite web|title=A History of the Office of Chief, Army Reserve|url=https://www.usar.army.mil/Portals/98/Images/OCAR/OCAR_FA_Revised%20April%202013%20for%20web.pdf?ver=Q3KuopwHFdYtrnYOdSABgw%3D%3D|date=April 2013|publisher=Office of the Chief of Army Reserve|location=Fort Bragg, NC|page=14}}</ref> On 17 May 1968, Major General William J. Sutton was confirmed by the Senate in accordance with the passage of {{USPL|90|168}}, thus making Sutton the first statutory Chief of Army Reserve.<ref>{{cite web|title=A History of the Office of Chief, Army Reserve|url=https://www.usar.army.mil/Portals/98/Images/OCAR/OCAR_FA_Revised%20April%202013%20for%20web.pdf?ver=Q3KuopwHFdYtrnYOdSABgw%3D%3D|date=April 2013|publisher=Office of the Chief of Army Reserve|location=Fort Bragg, NC|page=14}}</ref>

The CAR's rank was initially that of major in 1923, and was successively raised to colonel in 1924, to brigadier general in 1933 (making Charles D. Herron the first CAR to hold general officer rank), and to major general in 1950. The CAR's rank, alongside those of reserve leaders of other service branches, was raised to lieutenant general in the National Defense Authorization Act of 2001, making Thomas J. Plewes, then chief of Army Reserve, the first to hold three-star rank.<ref>{{cite act|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-106publ398/pdf/PLAW-106publ398.pdf|title=National Defense Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2001|index=506|language=en-US|date=October 30, 2000}}</ref> The statutory requirement for the CAR to hold the rank of lieutenant general was repealed in the 2017 NDAA, but the officeholder is still appointed to that rank.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.congress.gov/114/plaws/publ328/PLAW-114publ328.pdf|title=National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017|publisher=Government Publishing Office}}</ref>

The CAR serves for a four-year term, which can be renewed once for a total of eight years.<ref name="law"/>

==List of officeholders== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- !rowspan=2|{{abbr|No.|Number}} !colspan=2|Chief{{sfn|Hilkert|2004|pp=309-311}} !colspan=3|Term |- !Portrait !Name !Took office !Left office !Term length |- ! colspan=6 | Chief of the Reserve Section, G-2 {{Officeholder table | order = 1 | military_rank = Major | image = Lieutenant Colonel Charles F. Thompson, USA.png | officeholder = Charles F. Thompson | officeholder_sort = Thompson, Charles F. | born_year = 1882 | died_year = 1954 | term_start = 12 June 1923 | term_end = 1 July 1923 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|12 June 1923|1 July 1923}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 2 | military_rank = Major | image = Walter O. Boswell (US Army officer).jpg | officeholder = Walter O. Boswell | officeholder_sort = Boswell, Walter O. | born_year = 1877 | died_year = 1953 | term_start = 2 July 1923 | term_end = 31 July 1924 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2 July 1923|31 July 1924}} }} ! colspan=6 | Chief of the Reserve Branch, G-2 {{Officeholder table | order = 3 | military_rank = Colonel | image = First Lieutenant Douglas Potts, USA.png | officeholder = Douglas Potts | officeholder_sort = Potts, Douglas | born_year = 1878 | died_year = 1940 | term_start = 1 August 1924 | term_end = 30 December 1925 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 August 1924|30 December 1925}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 4 | military_rank = Lieutenant Colonel | image = Major John Cargill Pegram.png | officeholder = John C. Pegram | officeholder_sort = Pegram, John Cargill | born_year = 1881 | died_year = 1972 | term_start = 31 December 1925 | term_end = 14 August 1926 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|31 December 1925|14 August 1926}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 5 | military_rank = Lieutenant Colonel | image = Lieutenant Colonel Frederick Butterfield Ryons.png | officeholder = Frederick B. Ryons | officeholder_sort = Ryons, Frederick Butterfield | born_year = 1877 | died_year = 1946 | term_start = 15 August 1926 | term_end = 30 September 1926 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|15 August 1926|30 September 1926}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 6 | military_rank = Colonel | image = Stanley Hamer Ford profile.jpg | officeholder = Stanley H. Ford | officeholder_sort = Ford, Stanley Hamer | born_year = 1877 | died_year = 1961 | term_start = 1 October 1926 | term_end = 10 February 1927 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 October 1926|10 February 1927}} }} ! colspan=6 | Executive for Reserve Affairs {{Officeholder table | order = 7 | military_rank = Colonel | image = Lieutenant Colonel David L. Stone, Jr.png | officeholder = David L. Stone Jr. | officeholder_sort = Stone, David Lamme Jr. | born_year = 1876 | died_year = 1959 | term_start = 5 March 1927 | term_end = 30 June 1930 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|5 March 1927|30 June 1930}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 8 | military_rank = Brigadier General | image = Charles D. Herron.jpg | officeholder = Charles D. Herron | officeholder_sort = Herron, Charles Douglas | born_year = 1877 | died_year = 1977 | term_start = 1 July 1930 | term_end = 30 June 1935 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 July 1930|30 June 1935}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 9 | military_rank = Brigadier General | image = Brig. Gen. Edwin Simpson Hartshorn, Sr.png | officeholder = Edwin S. Hartshorn Sr. | officeholder_sort = Hartshorn, Edwin Simpson Jr. | born_year = 1874 | died_year = 1963 | term_start = 1 July 1935 | term_end = 15 September 1938 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 July 1935|15 September 1938}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 10 | military_rank = Brigadier General | image = Brig. Gen. Charles F. Thompson.png | officeholder = Charles F. Thompson | officeholder_sort = Thompson, Charles F. | born_year = 1882 | died_year = 1954 | term_start = 16 September 1938 | term_end = 9 June 1940 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|16 September 1938|9 June 1940}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 11 | military_rank = Brigadier General | image = Brigadier General John Hutchison Hester.png | officeholder = John H. Hester | officeholder_sort = Hester, John Hutchison | born_year = 1886 | died_year = 1976 | term_start = 21 June 1940 | term_end = 23 March 1941 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|21 June 1940|23 March 1941}} }} ! colspan=6 | Executive for Reserve and ROTC Affairs {{Officeholder table | order = - | military_rank = Colonel | image = Brigadier General Frank Edward Lowe.png | officeholder = Frank E. Lowe | officeholder_sort = Lowe, Frank E. | born_year = 1885 | died_year = 1968 | term_start = 24 March 1941 | term_end = 4 June 1941 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|24 March 1941|4 June 1941}} | acting = y }} {{Officeholder table | order = 12 | military_rank = Brigadier General | image = Brigadier General Frank Edward Lowe.png | officeholder = Frank E. Lowe | officeholder_sort = Lowe, Frank Edward | born_year = 1885 | died_year = 1968 | term_start = 5 June 1941 | term_end = 10 August 1942 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|5 June 1941|10 August 1942}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 13 | military_rank = Brigadier General | image = Brigadier General Edward White Smith.png | officeholder = Edward W. Smith | officeholder_sort = Smith, Edward White | born_year = 1894 | died_year = 1966 | term_start = 16 September 1942 | term_end = 14 October 1945 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|16 September 1942|14 October 1945}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 14 | military_rank = Brigadier General | image = Major General Edward Sedley Bres.png | officeholder = Edward S. Bres | officeholder_sort = Bres, Edward S. | born_year = 1888 | died_year = 1967 | term_start = 15 October 1945 | term_end = 30 November 1947 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|15 October 1945|30 November 1947}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 15 | military_rank = Brigadier General | image = Brigadier General Wendell Westover.png | officeholder = Wendell Westover | officeholder_sort = Westover, Wendell | born_year = 1895 | died_year = 1960 | term_start = 1 December 1947 | term_end = 14 November 1949 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 December 1947|14 November 1949}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 16 | military_rank = Major General | image = Major General James Bell Cress.png | officeholder = James B. Cress | officeholder_sort = Cress, James Bell | born_year = 1889 | died_year = 1967 | term_start = 1 January 1950 | term_end = 31 January 1951 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 January 1950|31 January 1951}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 17 | military_rank = Major General | image = Major General Hugh Meglone Milton II.png | officeholder = Hugh M. Milton II | officeholder_sort = Milton, Hugh Meglone III | born_year = 1897 | died_year = 1987 | term_start = 24 February 1951 | term_end = 18 November 1953 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|24 February 1951|18 November 1953}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 18 | military_rank = Major General | image = Major General Philip Ferdinand Lindeman, Jr.png | officeholder = Philip F. Lindeman Jr. | officeholder_sort = Lindeman, Philip Ferdinand Jr. | born_year = 1909 | died_year = 1988 | term_start = November 1953 | term_end = 6 December 1954 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|19 November 1953|6 December 1954}} }} ! colspan=6 | Chief, Army Reserve and ROTC Affairs {{Officeholder table | order = 18 | military_rank = Major General | image =Major General Philip Ferdinand Lindeman, Jr.png | officeholder = Philip F. Lindeman Jr. | officeholder_sort = Lindeman, Philip Ferdinand Jr. | born_year = 1909 | died_year = 1988 | term_start = 7 December 1954 | term_end = 31 July 1957 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|7 December 1954|31 July 1957}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 19 | military_rank = Major General | image = Ralph A. Palladino (US Army major general).jpg | officeholder = Ralph A. Palladino | officeholder_sort = Palladino, Ralph A. | born_year = 1904 | died_year = 1981 | term_start = 1 August 1957 | term_end = 31 May 1959 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 August 1957|31 May 1959}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 20 | military_rank = Major General | image = Frederick M. Warren (US Army major general).jpg | officeholder = Frederick M. Warren | officeholder_sort = Warren, Frederick M. | born_year = 1903 | died_year = 1986 | term_start = 1 September 1959 | term_end = 12 February 1963 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 September 1959|12 February 1963}} }} ! colspan=6 | Chief, Army Reserve {{Officeholder table | order = 20 | military_rank = Major General | image = Frederick M. Warren (US Army major general).jpg | officeholder = Frederick M. Warren | officeholder_sort = Warren, Frederick M. | born_year = 1903 | died_year = 1986 | term_start = 13 February 1963 | term_end = 31 August 1963 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|13 February 1963|31 August 1963}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 21 | military_rank = Major General | image = William J. Sutton (US Army major general).jpg | officeholder = William J. Sutton | officeholder_sort = Sutton, William J. | born_year = 1908 | died_year = 1972 | term_start = 1 September 1963 | term_end = 31 May 1971 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 September 1963|31 May 1971}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 22 | military_rank = Major General | image = J. Milnor Roberts (US Army major general).jpg | officeholder = J. Milnor Roberts Jr. | officeholder_sort = Roberts, James Milnor Jr. | born_year = 1918 | died_year = 2009 | term_start = 1 June 1971 | term_end = 31 May 1975 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 June 1971|31 May 1975}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 23 | military_rank = Major General | image = Henry Mohr (US Army major general).jpg | officeholder = Henry Mohr | officeholder_sort = Mohr, Henry | born_year = 1919 | died_year = 1997 | term_start = 1 June 1975 | term_end = 31 May 1979 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 June 1975|31 May 1979}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 24 | military_rank = Major General | image = Major General William R. Berkman, USA (uncovered 3).jpg | officeholder = William R. Berkman | officeholder_sort = Berkman, William R. | born_year = 1929 | died_year = 2014 | term_start = 1 June 1979 | term_end = 31 July 1986 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 June 1979|31 July 1986}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = - | military_rank = Brigadier General | image = Brigadier General Harry J. Mott, III.jpg | officeholder = Harry J. Mott III | officeholder_sort = Mott, Harry James III | born_year = 1929 | died_year = 2023 | term_start = 1 August 1986 | term_end = 30 November 1986 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 August 1986|30 November 1986}} | acting = y }} {{Officeholder table | order = 25 | military_rank = Major General | image = MGEN Ward, Wm F.jpeg | officeholder = William F. Ward Jr. | officeholder_sort = Ward, William Francis Jr. | born_year = 1928 | died_year = 2018 | term_start = 1 December 1986 | term_end = 1 October 1990 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 December 1986|1 October 1990}} }} ! colspan=6 | Chief, Army Reserve and Commanding General, U.S. Army Reserve Command {{Officeholder table | order = 25 | military_rank = Major General | image = MGEN Ward, Wm F.jpeg | officeholder = William F. Ward Jr. | officeholder_sort = Ward, William Francis Jr. | born_year = 1928 | died_year = 2018 | term_start = 1 October 1990 | term_end = 31 July 1991 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 October 1990|31 July 1991}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 26 | military_rank = Major General | image = Maj Gen Roger W. Sandler USAR.png | officeholder = Roger W. Sandler | officeholder_sort = Sandler, Roger Warren | born_year = 1934 | died_year = | term_start = 1 August 1991 | term_end = 31 January 1994 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 August 1991|31 January 1994}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 27 | military_rank = Major General | image = MGEN Baratz, Max.jpeg | officeholder = Max Baratz | officeholder_sort = Baratz, Max | born_year = 1934 | died_year = | term_start = 1 February 1994 | term_end = 24 May 1998 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 February 1994|24 May 1998}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 28 | military_rank = Lieutenant General | image = Lt. Gen. Thomas J. Plewes.jpg | officeholder = Thomas J. Plewes | officeholder_sort = Plewes, Thomas Jeffrey | born_year = 1940 | died_year = | term_start = 25 May 1998 | term_end = 24 May 2002 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|25 May 1998|24 May 2002}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 29 | military_rank = Lieutenant General | image = Lt. Gen. James R. Helmly.jpg | officeholder = James R. Helmly | officeholder_sort = Helmly, James Ronald | born_year = 1947 | died_year = | term_start = 25 May 2002 | term_end = 25 May 2006 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|25 May 2002|25 May 2006}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 30 | military_rank = Lieutenant General | image = Lt. Gen. Jack C. Stultz.jpg | officeholder = Jack C. Stultz Jr. | officeholder_sort = Stultz, Jack C. Jr. | born_year = 1952 | died_year = | term_start = 25 May 2006 | term_end = 9 June 2012 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|25 May 2006|9 June 2012}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = 31 | military_rank = Lieutenant General | image = LTG Jeffrey W Talley.jpg | officeholder = Jeffrey W. Talley | officeholder_sort = Talley, Jeffrey W. | born_year = 1959 | died_year = | term_start = 9 June 2012 | term_end = 1 June 2016 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|9 June 2012|1 July 2016}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = - | military_rank = Major General | image = Michael Robert Smith (3).jpg | officeholder = Michael R. Smith | officeholder_sort = Smith, Michael R. | born_year = | died_year = | term_start = 1 June 2016 | term_end = 30 June 2016 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 June 2016|30 June 2016}} | acting = y }} {{Officeholder table | order = 32 | military_rank = Lieutenant General | image = Lt. Gen. Charles D. Luckey (5).jpg | officeholder = Charles D. Luckey | officeholder_sort = Luckey, Charles Dana | born_year = 1955 | died_year = | term_start = 30 June 2016 | term_end = 2 July 2020 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|30 June 2016|2 July 2020}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = - | military_rank = Major General | image = Michael C. O'Guinn.jpg | officeholder = Michael C. O'Guinn | officeholder_sort = O'Guinn, Michael C. | born_year = | died_year = | term_start = 3 July 2020 | term_end = 28 July 2020 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|3 July 2020|28 July 2020}} | acting = y }} {{Officeholder table | order = 33 | military_rank = Lieutenant General | image = Lt. Gen. Jody J. Daniels (7) (cropped).jpg | officeholder = Jody J. Daniels | officeholder_sort = Daniels, Jody J. | born_year = {{circa|1962}} | died_year = | term_start = 28 July 2020 | term_end = 30 July 2024 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|28 July 2020|30 July 2024}} }} {{Officeholder table | order = - | military_rank = Major General | image = Deborah L. Kotulich (2).jpg | officeholder = Deborah Kotulich | officeholder_sort = Kotulich, Deborah | born_year = 1968 | died_year = | term_start = 30 July 2024 | term_end = 1 August 2024 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|30 July 2024|1 August 2024}} | acting = y }} {{Officeholder table | order = 34 | military_rank = Lieutenant General | image = LTG Robert D. Harter (3).jpg | officeholder = Robert Harter | officeholder_sort = Harter, Robert | born_year = {{circa|1970}} | died_year = | term_start = 1 August 2024 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1 August 2024}} }} |}

==See also== *Office of the Chief of Army Reserve *Command Chief Warrant Officer of the US Army Reserve * Command Sergeant Major of the US Army Reserve *Chief of the National Guard Bureau *Vice Chief of the National Guard Bureau *Army National Guard

==References== {{reflist}} {{notelist}}

==Sources== *{{cite book |title=Chiefs of the Army Reserve: Biographical Sketches of the United States Army Reserve's Senior Officers |url=https://archive.org/details/chiefsofarmyrese00fort |last=Hilkert |first=David E. |date=December 2004 |publisher=Office of Army Reserve History, U.S. Army Reserve Command |location=Fort McPherson, GA }} *{{cite web |title=A History of the Office of Chief, Army Reserve |url=https://www.usar.army.mil/Portals/98/Images/OCAR/OCAR_FA_Revised%20April%202013%20for%20web.pdf?ver=Q3KuopwHFdYtrnYOdSABgw%3D%3D |date=April 2013 |publisher=Office of the Chief of Army Reserve |location=Fort Bragg, NC }}

{{US Army navbox}} {{US military navbox}} Category:United States Army Reserve Category:United States Army organization *Chief of Reserve Category:1923 establishments in the United States