{{Short description|Type of volcano}} thumb|right|Askja central volcano in Iceland A '''central volcano''' is a type of volcano formed by basalts and silica-rich volcanic rocks. They contain very few or no volcanic rocks of intermediate composition, such that they are chemically bimodal. Large silicic eruptions at central volcanoes often result in the formation of one or more calderas. Central volcanoes can be stratovolcanoes or shield volcanoes.<ref name="Hjartardóttir">{{cite journal|last1=Hjartardóttir|first1=Ásta Rut|last2=Einarsson|first2=Páll|last3=Sigurdsson |first3=Haraldur|title=The fissure swarm of the Askja volcanic system along the divergent plate boundary of N Iceland|journal=Bulletin of Volcanology|publisher=Springer Science+Business Media|volume=71|year=2009|pages=961–975|doi=10.1007/s00445-009-0282-x}}</ref>
Central volcanoes undergo periodic eruptions throughout their lifetime, which can span more than a million years. In Iceland, volcanic systems are normally named after an associated central volcano.<ref name="IINH">{{cite web|url=https://www.ni.is/en/geology/volcanic-activity|title=Volcanic activity|publisher=Icelandic Institute of Natural History|access-date=2023-07-20}}</ref> The largest known glaciovolcanic central volcano on Earth is Mount Haddington, a glacier-covered shield volcano on James Ross Island in Antarctica.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Smellie|first1=John L.|last2=Edwards|first2=Benjamin R.|title=Glaciovolcanism on Earth and Mars: Products, Processes and Palaeoenvironmental Significance|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2016|pages=18, 19|isbn=978-1-107-03739-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite gvp|vn=390829|title=Mount Haddington Volcanic Field|accessdate=2023-07-20}}</ref>
==Examples== thumb|right|Mount Morning, a central volcano in Antarctica thumb|right|Mount Edziza in British Columbia, Canada ===Antarctica=== *Mount Discovery<ref>{{cite gvp|vn=590835|title=Discovery: General Information|access-date=2023-07-20}}</ref> *Mount Morning<ref>{{cite gvp|vn=390017|title=Morning: General Information|access-date=2023-07-20}}</ref>
===Canada=== *Armadillo Peak<ref name="Wood">{{cite book|last1=Wood|first1=Charles A.|last2=Kienle|first2=Jürgen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eyDRib-FJh4C|title=Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada|year=1990|publisher=Cambridge University Press|pages=121, 124|isbn=0-521-43811-X}}</ref> *Ice Peak<ref name="Wood"/> *Ilgachuz Range<ref name="Kuehn">{{cite thesis|last=Kuehn|first=Christian|title=A Second North American Hot-spot: Pleistocene Volcanism in the Anahim Volcanic Belt, west-central British Columbia|publisher=University of Calgary|page=87|year=2014|type=PhD}}</ref> *Itcha Range<ref name="Kuehn"/> *Level Mountain<ref name="Wood"/> *Mount Edziza<ref name="Wood"/> *Rainbow Range<ref name="Kuehn"/> *Spectrum Range<ref name="Wood"/>
===Iceland=== *Askja<ref name="Hjartardóttir"/> *Eyjafjallajökull<ref name="IINH"/> *Krafla<ref name="Hjartardóttir"/> *Ljósufjöll<ref name="IINH"/> *Prestahnúkur<ref name="IINH"/> *Snæfellsjökull<ref name="IINH"/> *Torfajökull<ref name="IINH"/>
==References== {{reflist}}
Category:Central volcanoes