{{Short description|Roman temple}} {{Italics title}} [[File:Capitolium in Ostia.jpg|thumb|''Capitolium'' in Ostia Antica]] [[File:Tempio Capitolino Piazza del Foro Brescia.jpg|thumb|Capitolium of Brixia]] [[File:Volubilis Longshot II.jpg|thumb|Capitoline Temple at Volubilis]] A '''''Capitolium''''' (Latin) was an ancient Roman temple dedicated to the Capitoline Triad of gods Jupiter, Juno and Minerva. A ''capitolium'' was built on a prominent area in many cities in Italy and the Roman provinces, particularly during the Augustan and Julio-Claudian periods. Most had a triple ''cella'', one for each god.
The first ''capitolium'' was on the Capitoline Hill in Rome and was considered the centre of the city, where it meant the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus and afterwards the Latin word was used for the whole hill.<ref>Richardson, L. (1992). ''A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome'' (p. 70). Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press. {{ISBN|0-8018-4300-6}}.</ref>
The earliest known example outside of Italy was at Emporion (now Empúries, Spain).<ref>Blagg, T.F.C. (1990). "The temple at Bath (Aquae Sulis) in the context of classical temples in the western European provinces" (pp. 426–427). ''Journal of Roman Archaeology'' 3 (pp. 419–430).</ref>
Examples of ''capitolia'' are:
* Capitolium Vetus (Rome) * Temple of Jupiter (Pompeii) * Capitolium of Minturnae * Capitolium of Ostia Antica * Capitolium of Brixia (Brescia) * Capitolium of Constantinople * Capitoline Temple at Volubilis * Capitolium of Cosa
== References == {{reflist}}
{{Roman religion|state=collapsed}}
Category:Capitoliums Category:Ancient Roman architecture