Bone morphogenetic protein 6

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}} {{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc|display-authors=6}} {{Infobox_gene}} '''Bone morphogenetic protein 6''' is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BMP6'' gene.<ref name="pmid1427904">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hahn GV, Cohen RB, Wozney JM, Levitz CL, Shore EM, Zasloff MA, Kaplan FS | title = A bone morphogenetic protein subfamily: chromosomal localization of human genes for BMP5, BMP6, and BMP7 | journal = Genomics | volume = 14 | issue = 3 | pages = 759–62 |date=Dec 1992 | pmid = 1427904 | doi =10.1016/S0888-7543(05)80181-8 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="pmid1453478">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sauermann U, Meyermann R, Schluesener HJ | title = Cloning of a novel TGF-beta related cytokine, the vgr, from rat brain: cloning of and comparison to homologous human cytokines | journal = J Neurosci Res | volume = 33 | issue = 1 | pages = 142–7 |date=Jan 1993 | pmid = 1453478 | doi = 10.1002/jnr.490330118 | s2cid = 35064968 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: BMP6 bone morphogenetic protein 6| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=654}}</ref>

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TGFβ superfamily. Bone morphogenetic proteins are known for their ability to induce the growth of bone and cartilage. BMP6 is able to induce all osteogenic markers in mesenchymal stem cells.

The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a family of secreted signaling molecules that can induce ectopic bone growth. BMPs are part of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB) superfamily. BMPs were originally identified by an ability of demineralized bone extract to induce endochondral osteogenesis in vivo in an extraskeletal site. Based on its expression early in embryogenesis, the BMP encoded by this gene has a proposed role in early development. In addition, the fact that this BMP is closely related to BMP5 and BMP7 has led to speculation of possible bone inductive activity. As of April 2009, an additional function of BMP6 has been identified as described in Nature Genetics April; 41 [4]:386-8. BMP6 is the key regulator of hepcidin, the small peptide secreted by the liver which is the major regulator of iron metabolism in mammals.

==References== {{reflist}}

==Further reading== {{refbegin}} *{{cite journal | author=Celeste AJ |title=Identification of transforming growth factor beta family members present in bone-inductive protein purified from bovine bone |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=87 |issue= 24 |pages= 9843–7 |year= 1991 |pmid= 2263636 |doi=10.1073/pnas.87.24.9843 | pmc=55270 | author2=Iannazzi JA | author3=Taylor RC | last4=Hewick | first4=RM | last5=Rosen | first5=V | last6=Wang | first6=EA | last7=Wozney | first7=JM |doi-access=free |bibcode=1990PNAS...87.9843C }} *{{cite journal | vauthors=Schluesener HJ, Meyermann R |title=Immunolocalization of BMP-6, a novel TGF-beta-related cytokine, in normal and atherosclerotic smooth muscle cells |journal=Atherosclerosis |volume=113 |issue= 2 |pages= 153–6 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7605353 |doi=10.1016/0021-9150(94)05438-O }} *{{cite journal | author=Gitelman SE |title=Recombinant Vgr-1/BMP-6-expressing tumors induce fibrosis and endochondral bone formation in vivo |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=126 |issue= 6 |pages= 1595–609 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8089189 |doi=10.1083/jcb.126.6.1595 | pmc=2290953 | author2=Kobrin MS | author3=Ye JQ | last4=Lopez | first4=AR | last5=Lee | first5=A | last6=Derynck | first6=R }} *{{cite journal | vauthors=Barnes J, Anthony CT, Wall N, Steiner MS |title=Bone morphogenetic protein-6 expression in normal and malignant prostate |journal=World Journal of Urology |volume=13 |issue= 6 |pages= 337–43 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9116752 |doi= 10.1007/BF00191214|s2cid=31317742 }} *{{cite journal | author=Hamdy FC |title=Immunolocalization and messenger RNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein-6 in human benign and malignant prostatic tissue |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=57 |issue= 19 |pages= 4427–31 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9331107 | author2=Autzen P | author3=Robinson MC | last4=Horne | first4=CH | last5=Neal | first5=DE | last6=Robson | first6=CN }} *{{cite journal | author=Olavesen MG |title=Fine mapping of 39 ESTs on human chromosome 6p23-p25 |journal=Genomics |volume=46 |issue= 2 |pages= 303–6 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9417921 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1997.5032 | author2=Bentley E | author3=Mason RV | last4=Stephens | first4=R.J. | last5=Ragoussis | first5=J. }} *{{cite journal | author=Rickard DJ |title=Bone morphogenetic protein-6 production in human osteoblastic cell lines. Selective regulation by estrogen |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=101 |issue= 2 |pages= 413–22 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9435314 |doi=10.1172/JCI119880 | pmc=508581 | author2=Hofbauer LC | author3=Bonde SK | last4=Gori | first4=F | last5=Spelsberg | first5=T C | last6=Riggs | first6=B L }} *{{cite journal | author=Tamada H |title=Molecular cloning and analysis of the 5'-flanking region of the human bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6) |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1395 |issue= 3 |pages= 247–51 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9512655 |doi= 10.1016/S0167-4781(97)00191-7| author2=Kitazawa R | author3=Gohji K | last4=Kamidono | first4=S | last5=Maeda | first5=S | last6=Kitazawa | first6=S | hdl=20.500.14094/D1002352| hdl-access=free}} *{{cite journal | author=Ebisawa T |title=Characterization of bone morphogenetic protein-6 signaling pathways in osteoblast differentiation |journal=J. Cell Sci. |volume=112 |issue= 20|pages= 3519–27 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10504300 | author2=Tada K | author3=Kitajima I | last4=Tojo | first4=K | last5=Sampath | first5=TK | last6=Kawabata | first6=M | last7=Miyazono | first7=K | last8=Imamura | first8=T |doi=10.1242/jcs.112.20.3519 }} *{{cite journal | author=Heikinheimo KA |title=Bone morphogenetic protein-6 is a marker of serous acinar cell differentiation in normal and neoplastic human salivary gland |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=59 |issue= 22 |pages= 5815–21 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10582704 | author2=Laine MA | author3=Ritvos OV | last4=Voutilainen | first4=RJ | last5=Hogan | first5=BL | last6=Leivo | first6=IV }} *{{cite journal | author=Ahmed N |title=Effect of bone morphogenetic protein-6 on haemopoietic stem cells and cytokine production in normal human bone marrow stroma |journal=Cell Biol. Int. |volume=25 |issue= 5 |pages= 429–35 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11401330 |doi= 10.1006/cbir.2000.0662 | author2=Sammons J | author3=Carson RJ | last4=Khokher | first4=MA | last5=Hassan | first5=HT |s2cid=85369468 }} *{{cite journal | author=Shimizu M |title=A congenic mouse and candidate gene at the Chromosome 13 locus regulating bone density |journal=Mamm. Genome |volume=13 |issue= 7 |pages= 335–40 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12140680 |doi= 10.1007/s00335-001-2129-4 | author2=Higuchi K | author3=Kasai S | last4=Tsuboyama | first4=Tadao | last5=Matsushita | first5=Mutsumi | last6=Matsumura | first6=Takuro | last7=Okudaira | first7=Shuzo | last8=Mori | first8=Masayuki | last9=Koizumi | first9=Akio |s2cid=23300962 }} *{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 | author2=Feingold EA | author3=Grouse LH | last4=Derge | first4=JG | last5=Klausner | first5=RD | last6=Collins | first6=FS | last7=Wagner | first7=L | last8=Shenmen | first8=CM | last9=Schuler | first9=GD |bibcode=2002PNAS...9916899M |doi-access=free }} *{{cite journal | author=Moser M |title=BMPER, a novel endothelial cell precursor-derived protein, antagonizes bone morphogenetic protein signaling and endothelial cell differentiation |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=23 |issue= 16 |pages= 5664–79 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12897139 |doi=10.1128/MCB.23.16.5664-5679.2003 | pmc=166349 | author2=Binder O | author3=Wu Y | last4=Aitsebaomo | first4=J. | last5=Ren | first5=R. | last6=Bode | first6=C. | last7=Bautch | first7=V. L. | last8=Conlon | first8=F. L. | last9=Patterson | first9=C. }} *{{cite journal | author=Bobacz K |title=Expression of bone morphogenetic protein 6 in healthy and osteoarthritic human articular chondrocytes and stimulation of matrix synthesis in vitro |journal=Arthritis Rheum. |volume=48 |issue= 9 |pages= 2501–8 |year= 2003 |pmid= 13130469 |doi= 10.1002/art.11248 | author2=Gruber R | author3=Soleiman A | last4=Erlacher | first4=L. | last5=Smolen | first5=J. S. | last6=Graninger | first6=W. B. }} *{{cite journal | vauthors=Lories RJ, Derese I, Ceuppens JL, Luyten FP |title=Bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and 6, expressed in arthritic synovium, are regulated by proinflammatory cytokines and differentially modulate fibroblast-like synoviocyte apoptosis |journal=Arthritis Rheum. |volume=48 |issue= 10 |pages= 2807–18 |year= 2003 |pmid= 14558086 |doi= 10.1002/art.11389 |doi-access= free }} *{{cite journal | author=Mungall AJ |title=The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6 |journal=Nature |volume=425 |issue= 6960 |pages= 805–11 |year= 2003 |pmid= 14574404 |doi= 10.1038/nature02055 | author2=Palmer SA | author3=Sims SK | last4=Edwards | first4=C. A. | last5=Ashurst | first5=J. L. | last6=Wilming | first6=L. | last7=Jones | first7=M. C. | last8=Horton | first8=R. | last9=Hunt | first9=S. E. |bibcode=2003Natur.425..805M | doi-access=free }} *{{cite journal | author=Laurikkala J |title=Identification of a secreted BMP antagonist, ectodin, integrating BMP, FGF, and SHH signals from the tooth enamel knot |journal=Dev. Biol. |volume=264 |issue= 1 |pages= 91–105 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14623234 |doi=10.1016/j.ydbio.2003.08.011 | author2=Kassai Y | author3=Pakkasjärvi L | last4=Thesleff | first4=Irma | last5=Itoh | first5=Nobuyuki |doi-access=free}} {{refend}}

==External links== * {{UCSC gene info|BMP6}}

Category:Bone morphogenetic protein Category:Developmental genes and proteins Category:TGFβ domain