{{Short description|Asphalt defect}} '''Bleeding''' or '''flushing''' is shiny, black surface film of asphalt on the road surface caused by upward movement of asphalt in the pavement surface.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pavementinteractive.org/article/bleeding/|title=Bleeding - Pavement Interactive}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite thesis|url=https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/handle/1807/97601|title=Piryonesi, S. M. (2019). The Application of Data Analytics to Asset Management: Deterioration and Climate Change Adaptation in Ontario Roads (Doctoral dissertation)|date=November 2019|type=Thesis|last1=Piryonesi|first1=Sayed Madeh}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cmrpc.org/sites/default/files/fieldguide.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-01-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107044236/http://www.cmrpc.org/sites/default/files/fieldguide.pdf |archive-date=2014-01-07 }}</ref> Common causes of bleeding are too much asphalt in asphalt concrete, hot weather, low space air void content and quality of asphalt.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://classes.engr.oregonstate.edu/cce/winter2012/ce492/Modules/09_pavement_evaluation/09-7_body.htm#bleeding |title=9.7 Pavement Evaluation - Flexible Pavement Distress |access-date=2013-09-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029194021/http://classes.engr.oregonstate.edu/cce/winter2012/ce492/Modules/09_pavement_evaluation/09-7_body.htm |archive-date=2013-10-29 }}</ref> Bleeding is a safety concern since it results in a very smooth surface, without the texture required to prevent hydroplaning. Road performance measures such as IRI cannot capture the existence of bleeding as it does not increase the surface roughness.<ref name=":3" /> But other performance measures such as PCI do include bleeding.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|last1=Piryonesi S. Madeh|last2=El-Diraby Tamer E.|date=2020-06-01|title=Role of Data Analytics in Infrastructure Asset Management: Overcoming Data Size and Quality Problems|url=https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/JPEODX.0000175|journal=Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements|volume=146|issue=2|pages=04020022|doi=10.1061/JPEODX.0000175|s2cid=216485629 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>
== See also == *Pavement Condition Index *International Roughness Index *Asphalt concrete * Road slipperiness
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Road types}}
Category:Asphalt Category:Road construction Category:Pavements Category:Pavement engineering Category:Road infrastructure Category:Road hazards Category:Pavement distress
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