{{Short description|Sanskrit word meaning existence and being}} {{Other uses|Bhava (disambiguation)}}{{Distinguish|Bhāva (Hinduism)}} {{EngvarB|date=June 2020}}{{Italic title|reason=:Category:Sanskrit words and phrases}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}} {{Buddhist term |en=being, worldly existence, becoming, birth, be, production, origin;<ref name="MW"/> habitual or emotional tendencies. |pi=भव |pi-Latn=bhava |sa=भव |sa-Latn=bhava |vi=hữu}} {{Buddhist term |en= feeling, emotion, mood, becoming |pi=भाव |pi-Latn=bhāva |sa=भाव |sa-Latn=bhāva |si=භව or භවය |si-Latn= |zh= |zh-Latn= |ja= |kh= |ko= |ko-Latn= |km= ភព (phob) or ភាវៈ (phiaveak) |mnw=ဘာဝ |mnw-Latn=həwɛ̀ʔ |my=ဘာဝ |my-Latn=bàwa̰ |th=ภวะ ({{RTGS|phawa}}) or<br>ภาวะ ({{RTGS|phawa}}) |vi= |bo= }}
The Sanskrit word '''''bhava''''' (भव) means being, worldly existence, becoming, birth, be, production, origin,<ref name="MW">Monier Monier-Williams (1898), Sanskrit English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, Archive: [http://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/sanskrit/index.php भव] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313042348/http://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/sanskrit/index.php |date=13 March 2016 }}, bhava</ref> but also habitual or emotional tendencies.
In Buddhism, ''bhava'' is the tenth of the twelve links of ''Pratītyasamutpāda''.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Julius Evola |author2=H. E. Musson |title=The Doctrine of Awakening: The Attainment of Self-Mastery According to the Earliest Buddhist Texts |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kza7tTkiytUC |year=1996|publisher=Inner Traditions |isbn=978-0-89281-553-1 |pages=67–68}}</ref> It is the link between reincarnations.<ref name="DavidsStede1921p499">{{cite book|author1=Thomas William Rhys Davids |author2=William Stede |title=Pali-English Dictionary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Guw2CnxiucC |year=1921 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-1144-7 |page=499 }}</ref> In the Thai Forest Tradition, ''bhava'' is also interpreted as the habitual or emotional tendencies which leads to the arising of the sense of self, as a mental phenomenon.<ref name=":0" />
== In Buddhism ==
In Buddhism, ''bhava'' (not ''bhāva'', condition, nature) means being, worldly existence, becoming, birth, be, production, origin<ref name="MW"/> experience,<ref name="DavidsStede1921p499"/> in the sense of rebirths and redeaths, because a being is so conditioned and propelled by the karmic accumulations.<ref name="DavidsStede1921p499"/>
The term ''bhāva'' (भाव) is rooted in the term ''bhava'' (भव), and also has a double meaning, as emotion, sentiment, state of body or mind, disposition and character,<ref>[http://spokensanskrit.de/index.php?tinput=bhAva&direction=SE&script=HK&link=yes&beginning=0 भव] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707192902/http://spokensanskrit.de/index.php?tinput=bhAva&direction=SE&script=HK&link=yes&beginning=0 |date=7 July 2017 }}, Sanskrit English Dictionary, Koeln University, Germany</ref> and in some context also means becoming, being, existing, occurring, appearance while connoting the condition thereof.<ref name="andhrabharati.com">Monier Monier-Williams (1899), Sanskrit English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, Archive: [http://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/sanskrit/index.php भाव] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313042348/http://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/sanskrit/index.php |date=13 March 2016 }}, bhAva</ref> {{Nidanas|float=left}} ''Bhava'' is the tenth of the twelve links of pratītyasamutpāda (dependent origination), which describes samsara, the repeated cycle of our habitual responses to sensory impressions which leads to renewed ''jāti'', birth. Birth is usually interpreted as rebirth in one of the realms of existence, namely heaven, demi-god, human, animal, hungry ghost or hell realms (''bhavacakra'') of Buddhist cosmology.<ref name="DavidsStede1921p499"/> In the Thai Forest Tradition, ''bhava'' is also interpreted as the habitual or emotional tendencies which leads to the arising of the sense of self, as a mental phenomenon.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=DeGraff |first=Geoffrey |url=https://www.dhammatalks.org/Archive/Writings/Ebooks/WithEachAndEveryBreath_210603.pdf |title=With Each & Every Breath. A Guide to Meditation |date=2013 |pages=10-11}}</ref>
In the Jātakas, in which the Buddha didactically reminds various followers of experiences they shared with him in a past life, the hearers are said not to remember them due to ''bhava'', i.e. to having been reborn.<ref>Caroline A.F. Rhys Davids, ''Stories of the Buddha (Being Selections from the Jātakas)'', 1989, Dover Publications, ''Introduction'', pp. xix, also see pp. 2, 6, 11, etc.</ref>
==In Hinduism== {{expand section|date=May 2016}} ''Bhava'' appears in the sense of becoming, being, existing, occurring, appearance in the Vedanga literature Shrauta Sutras, the Upanishads such as the Shvetashvatara Upanishad, the Mahabharata and other ancient Hindu texts.<ref name="andhrabharati.com"/>
==See also== *{{annotated link|Bhava samadhi}} *Rebirth (Buddhism) *{{annotated link|Svabhava}} *Twelve Nidanas
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{s-start}} {{succession box| before=Upādāna | title=Twelve Nidānas | years='''Bhava'''| after=Jāti| }} {{s-end}}
{{Buddhism topics}}
Category:Twelve nidānas Category:Sanskrit words and phrases