{{Short description|Traditional design Somali sailing vessel}} {{about||the stream in New Jersey|Beden Brook|the village in Albania|Beden, Albania}} thumb|Model of a Somali ''beden''
The '''''beden'''''<ref name= Sewn>{{cite journal |last= Cooper |first= John P. |last2= Ghidoni |first2= Alessandro |last3= Zazzaro |first3= Chiara |last4= Ombrato |first4= Luigi |title= Sewn boats in the Qatar Museums collection, Doha: baggāras and kettuvallams as records of a western Indian Ocean technological tradition |journal=International Journal of Nautical Archaeology |year= 2020 |volume= 49 |issue= 2 |pages= 371–405 |doi= 10.1111/1095-9270.12422 |via= tandfonline.com |url= https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1111/1095-9270.12422#references-Section |access-date= 8 May 2025|url-access= subscription |doi-access= free }}</ref><ref name= Card>{{cite book |last= Cardona |first= Giorgio Raimondo |chapter= Somalia and the Indian Ocean: Cultural and Linguistic Contacts |editor= Bugielli, A. |title= Proceedings of the Third International Congress of Somali Studies |year= 1988 |pages= 22–35 [27] |publisher= Il Pensiero Scientifico |place= Rome, Italy |url= https://arcadia.sba.uniroma3.it/bitstream/2307/1047/5/05_G.%20R.%20CARDONA%20-%20Somalia%20and%20the%20Indian%20Ocean_%20cultural%20and%20linguistic%20contact.pdf |access-date= 8 May 2025}} See author at {{ill|G. R. Cardona|it|Giorgio Raimondo Cardona}}.</ref><ref name= AlGhi>{{cite journal |last= Ghidoni |first= Alessandro |title= Building Pâris’ Beden Seyad: a replica of the Omani 19th‐century sewn fishing vessel (abstract) |journal=International Journal of Nautical Archaeology |date= September 2019 |volume= 48 |issue= 2 |pages= 360-376 |doi= 10.1111/1095-9270.12366 |via= ResearchGate |url= https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335366866_Building_Paris'_Beden_Seyad_a_replica_of_the_Omani_19th-century_sewn_fishing_vessel |access-date= 8 May 2025}}</ref> or alternate type names '''''beden-seyed''''' (also ''beden seyad'') and '''''beden-safar''''', is a fast, ancient Somali single or double-masted maritime vessel and ship, typified by its towering stern-post and powerful rudder. It is also the longest surviving sewn boat in the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Its shipyards predominantly lie in the northeastern Hafun region of Somalia (notably Bayla), as well as Muscat. There are 2 types of ''beden'' ships, with one type geared towards fishing (the ''beden-seyed'') and the other, trading (''beden-safar''). The average trading ''beden-safar'' ship measure more than {{cvt|15|m|-1}} in length, and are significantly larger than the fishing ''beden-seyed'' ships, which measure {{cvt|6|-|15|m|-1}} on average, but both are dwarfed by a much larger trading variant called the ''uwassiye''. This ship is the most common trading and voyaging vessel, with some measuring up to {{cvt|77|ft}}. The ship is noticeable and unique in its strengthened and substantial gunwale, which is attached by treenail. Originally, all ''beden'' ships were sewn with coiled coconut fibre, holding the hull planking, stem and stern-post. Omani variants, beginning in the 20th century, began nailing instead of sewing the planks.
==Etymology== The Somali word ''beden'' means 'a fishing boat', is derived from the Arabic ''badan'', and is related to the Swahili ''bedeni''.<ref name= Card/>
The Omani Arabic ''beden'', pl. ''bdāne'', means 'boat'. <ref name= Mor>{{cite book |last= Morano |first= Roberta |title= Diachronic Variation in the Omani Arabic Vernacular of the Al-ʿAwābī District: From Carl Reinhardt (1894) to the Present Day |year= 2022 |publisher= U. of Cambridge |isbn= 978-1-80064-724-4 |url= https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/58958/9781800647244.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date= 8 May 2025}}</ref>
==See also== *Somali maritime history
==References== {{Reflist}} ==Bibliography== *{{cite book|last=Chittick|first=Neville|title=An Archaeological Reconnaissance in the Horn: The British-Somali Expedition, 1975|year=1975|pages=127}} *{{cite book|last=Johnstone|first=Paul|title=The Sea-Craft of Prehistory|year=1989|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0415026352|pages=180–181|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n2vB2SXBHNEC&pg=PA180}} *{{cite journal|last=Chittick|first=Neville|title=Sewn boats in the western Indian Ocean, and a survival in Somalia|journal=International Journal of Nautical Eternal Quez Archaeology|volume=9|issue=4|pages=297–309|year=1980|doi=10.1111/j.1095-9270.1980.tb01149.x|bibcode=1980IJNAr...9..297C }} {{Sailing vessels and rigs}} {{ship-type-stub}}
Category:Ancient ships Category:Ancient Somalia Category:Ship types Category:Maritime history of Somalia Category:Somali inventions