{{short description|Small turret projecting from the top of towers or parapets}} {{redirect|Guerite|the American actress (1879–1947)|Laura Guerite}} thumb|Drawing of a bartizan
A '''bartizan''' (an alteration of ''bratticing''), also called a '''guerite''', '''''garita''''', or '''''échauguette''''', or spelled '''bartisan''', is an overhanging turret projecting from the walls of late-medieval and early-modern fortifications from the early 14th century up to the 18th century.<ref>{{Nuttall|inline=1|title=Bartizan}}</ref> Most frequently found at corners, they protected a warder and enabled him to see his surroundings. Bartizans are generally furnished with oillets or arrow slits.<ref>{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Bartizan|volume=3|page=450}}</ref> The turret was usually supported by stepped masonry corbels and could be round, polygonal or square.<ref name=pevsner1>{{cite book |title=Pevsner's Architectural Glossary |year=2010 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-16721-4 |editor=Bradley, Simon |page=219}}</ref><ref name="sturgis219">{{cite book |last1=Sturgis |first1=Russell |title=A Dictionary of Architecture and Building, Volume I |date=1901 |publisher=Macmillan |page=219}}</ref>
Bartizans were incorporated into many notable examples of Scottish Baronial architecture. In the architecture of Aberdeen, the new Town House, built in 1868–74, incorporates bartizans in the West Tower.
== Gallery == === On walls === <gallery widths="180" heights="150"> File:Round Bartizan, Fortaleza de Santiago, Sesimbra, Portugal.JPG|''Guarita'' at Fortaleza de Santiago, Sesimbra Municipality, Portugal File:Sudika Isla watchtower.jpg|''Gardjola'' at the Spur, Senglea, Malta File:Canuelo-2.jpg|''Garita'' at El Cañuelo in the Bay of San Juan, Puerto Rico File:Bartizan.jpg|South-East Bartizan on Greenknowe Tower, Scottish Borders (and another one in the background) File:Ft de Chartres-bastion-1.jpg|Bartizan at Fort de Chartres, a French colonial era fort in Illinois on the Mississippi River File:Garita at Castillo de San Cristobal-Detail.jpg|''Garita'' at Castillo San Cristóbal (San Juan) in San Juan, Puerto Rico File:JerusalemBevingrad.jpg|A bartizan-style British concrete position at Sergei courtyard, Jerusalem. This is probably the sole existing testimony of the British "Bevingrad" constructed in 1946. File:Devil's Sentry Box or the "Garita del Diablo", en el Morro y el Atlantico.tiff|Devil's Sentry Box, or the "Garita del Diablo", San Cristóbal Castle, in San Juan, Puerto Rico Port Vendres Fort del Fanal (2).jpg|Bartizan of Fort del Fanal in Port-Vendres, Roussillon, France </gallery>
=== On towers === <gallery widths="150" heights="180"> File:Town House, top of West Tower, Aberdeen, Peddie and Kinnear, 1868-74, photo Jane Cartney 2010RESIZED200.jpg|Bartizans on the West Tower of the new Town House in Aberdeen, Scotland, 1868–1874 File:Torre de belem vista do tejo.jpg|Manueline ''Guaritas'' at Belém Tower in Lisbon, Portugal File:Feartagar Castle, County Galway - bartizans.jpg|Bartizans at Feartagar Castle, Ireland File:'s-Heerenberg Huis Bergh Hof 4.jpg|Courtyard of Bergh House, 's-Heerenberg, Netherlands File:Vredespaleis 1.JPG|The Peace Palace bell tower, The Hague, Netherlands File:A belváros (The city centre) - panoramio.jpg|Martinstor, Freiburg, Germany </gallery>
== See also == {{Wiktionary|bartizan|bartisan|échauguette|guerite}} * Bretèche * Garret—an attic or top floor room in the military sense; a watchtower from the French word ''garite'' * Hoarding (castle)
==References== {{commons category|Bartizans}} {{reflist}}
{{Fortifications}}
Category:Castle architecture Category:Fortification (architectural elements) Category:Fortified towers by type