{{short description|Class of drugs}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}

An '''aquaretic''' is a novel class of drug that is used to promote aquaresis, the excretion of water without electrolyte loss.<ref>{{cite book|title=Principles of Ambulatory Medicine|author1=Nicholas H. Fiebach |author2=Lee Randol Barker |pages=1390|year=2007|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-0-7817-6227-4}}</ref> Strictly speaking, aquaretics are not diuretics but are sometimes classified as such.

Aquaresis is preferable to diuresis in the treatment of hyponatremia.{{Citation needed|date=October 2021}}

==Pharmacokinetics== Aquaretics increase urine output without increasing sodium and chloride excretion, thus causing an increase in urine whilst retaining electrolytes.<ref name="Brenner">{{cite book|title=Pharmacology|author1=George M. Brenner |author2=Craig W. Stevens |date=2013|publisher=Elsevier Inc|isbn=978-1455702824|pages=120–129}}</ref>

==Examples== A number of herbal medicines are classified as aquaretics, for example common horsetail or common nettle leaves.<ref name="Miller">{{cite book|title=Herbal Medicinals: A Clinician's Guide|author1=Lucinda G. Miller|author2=Wallace J. Murray|date=1998|publisher=Haworth Press|isbn=0-7890-0466-6|pages=[https://archive.org/details/herbalmedicinals00mill/page/147 147]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/herbalmedicinals00mill/page/147}}</ref>

Synthetic aquaretics are vasopressin receptor antagonists and include conivaptan, tolvaptan, demeclocycline, and mozavaptan (OPC-31260), as well as lithium. Conivaptan hydrochloride and tolvaptan have been approved by the FDA for treating syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2005/021697lbl.pdf |title= Vaprisol|author=<!--Not stated--> |date= 31 December 2005 |website= fda.gov|publisher= |access-date= 6 January 2019|quote=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2009/022275lbl.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225214735/http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2009/022275lbl.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 February 2017 |title= Samsca |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= 31 May 2009 |website= fda.gov |publisher= |access-date= 6 January 2019 |quote=}}</ref> Mozavaptan is approved in Japan.{{Citation needed|date=October 2021}}

==References== {{reflist}}

Category:Diuretics

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