{{short description|One of the Four Symbols of the Chinese constellations}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}} {{Infobox Chinese | pic = File:西漢 四神紋瓦當（白虎-朱雀）-Roof Tile End MET 39054.jpg | piccap = Zhūquè sculpture on an eaves tile | l = "Vermilion Peafowl" | c = 朱雀 | w = Chu<sup>1</sup>-ch'üeh<sup>4</sup> | p = Zhūquè | mi = {{IPAc-cmn|zh|u|.|q|üe|4}} | j = Zyu1-zoek3 | y = Jyūjeuk | ci = {{IPAc-yue|z|yu|1|.|z|oek|3}} | poj = Chu-chhiok | kanji = 朱雀 | hiragana = すざく | revhep = | kunrei = Suzaku or Syuzyaku | hangul = 주작 | hanja = 朱雀 | rr = Jujak | qn = Chu Tước | chuhan = 朱雀 }}
The '''Vermilion Bird''' ({{lang-zh|c=朱雀|p=Zhūquè}}) is one of the Four Symbols of the Chinese constellations. According to Wu Xing, the Taoist five elemental system, it represents the Fire element, the direction south, and the season of summer correspondingly. Thus it is sometimes called the '''Vermilion Bird of the South''' ({{lang-zh|c=南方朱雀|p=Nánfāng Zhūquè}}). It is described as a red bird that resembles a pheasant with a fire-colored plumage and is perpetually covered in flames. It is known as '''Suzaku''' in Japanese, '''Jujak''' in Korean and '''Chu Tước''' in Vietnamese.
It is often mistaken for the fenghuang due to similarities in appearance, but the two are different creatures.<ref>{{cite book | last=Strassberg | first=Richard | title=A Chinese Bestiary | year=2002 | isbn=978-0520218444 }}</ref> The fenghuang is a legendary ruler of birds who is associated with the Chinese Empress in the same way the dragon is associated with the Emperor, while the Vermilion Bird is a mythological spirit creature of the Chinese constellations.
== Seven Mansions of the Vermilion Bird == As with the other three Symbols, there are seven astrological "Mansions" (positions of the Moon) within the Vermilion Bird. The names and determinative stars are:<ref>{{cite web | url=http://idp.bl.uk/education/astronomy/sky.html | title=The Chinese Sky | publisher=International Dunhuang Project | access-date=25 June 2011 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104154237/http://idp.bl.uk/education/astronomy/sky.html | archive-date=4 November 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Sun | first=Xiaochun | editor=Helaine Selin | editor-link=Helaine Selin | title=Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=raKRY3KQspsC&pg=PA517 | date=1997 | pages=517 | publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers | isbn=0-7923-4066-3 | access-date=25 June 2011}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Mansion no. !! Name (pinyin) !! Translation !! Determinative star |- | 22 || {{zhi|c=井|p=Jǐng|out=c}} || Well || μ Gem |- | 23 || {{zhi|c=鬼|p=Guǐ|out=c}}|| Ghost || θ Cnc |- | 24 || {{zhi|c=柳|p=Liǔ|out=c}} || Willow || δ Hya |- | 25 || {{zhi|c=星|p=Xīng|out=c}} || Star || α Hya |- | 26 || {{zhi|c=張|p=Zhāng|out=c}} || Extended Net || υ¹ Hya |- | 27 || {{zhi|c=翼|p=Yì|out=c}} || Wings || α Crt |- | 28 || {{zhi|c=軫|p=Zhěn|out=c}} || Chariot || γ Crv |}
== Nature of the symbol == [[File:Segalen-24-Shen-Que-Red-Bird.jpg|thumb|left|The Vermilion Bird on the gates of a Han dynasty mausoleum complex]] The Vermilion Bird is elegant and noble in both appearance and behavior, with feathers in many different hues of vermilion. It is very selective about what it eats and where it perches.{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}} thumb|Han dynasty decorative bronze cup in the shape of ''zhuque'', from Tomb of Dou Wan. {{clear}}
== Stars == <div class="noprint"> {|class="wikitable" |- |style="background: #E34234"|'''Four Symbols'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Mansion (Chinese name)'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Romanization'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Translation'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Asterisms (Chinese name)'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Romanization'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Translation'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Western star name'''|| style="background: #E34234"|'''Chinese star name'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Romanization'''||style="background: #E34234"|'''Translation''' |- | bgcolor="#ffd700" rowspan="54" | '''Vermilion Bird of the South ({{lang|zh|南方朱雀}})''' | rowspan="4" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|鬼}} | rowspan="4"|{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Guǐ}} | rowspan="4"|Ghost | rowspan="4" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|外廚}} | rowspan="4"|{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Wàichú}} | rowspan="4"|Outer Kitchen |- |2 Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|外廚一}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Wàichúyī}}||1st star |- |3 Hya / HD 74395||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|外廚二}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Wàichúèr}}||2nd star |- |14 Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|外廚三}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Wàichúsān}}||3rd star |- | rowspan="15" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|柳}} | rowspan="15"|{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Liǔ}} | rowspan="15"|Willow | rowspan="15" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|柳}} | rowspan="15"|{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Liǔ}} | rowspan="15"|Willow<ref name=sb1>{{in lang|zh}} [http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060528.html AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 5 月 28 日] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522112415/http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060528.html |date=22 May 2011 }}</ref> |- | rowspan="7"|δ Hya |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|柳宿一}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Liǔxiùyī}}||1st star |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|柳宿距星}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Liǔxiùjùxīng}}||Separated star |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|柳宿西头第三星}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Liǔxiùxītoudìsānxīng}}||3rd star in the upper west |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|玉井西北星}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Yùjǐngxīběixīng}}||Star in northwest of Jade Well constellation |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|午}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Wǔ}}||The thong |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|鹑火星}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Chúnhuǒxīng}}||The phoenix |- |σ Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|柳宿二}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Liǔxiùèr}}||2nd star |- |η Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|柳宿三}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Liǔxiùsān}}||3rd star |- |ρ Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|柳宿四}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Liǔxiùsì}}||4th star |- |ε Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|柳宿五}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Liǔxiùwǔ}}||5th star |- |ζ Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|柳宿六}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Liǔxiùliù}}||6th star |- |ω Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|柳宿七}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Liǔxiùqī}}||7th star |- |θ Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|柳宿八}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Liǔxiùbā}}||8th star |- | rowspan="11" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|星}} | rowspan="11"|{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Xīng}} | rowspan="11"|Star | rowspan="11" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|星}} | rowspan="11"|{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Xīng}} | rowspan="11"|Star<ref name=sb2>{{in lang|zh}} [http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060529.html AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 5 月 29 日] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522120541/http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060529.html |date=22 May 2011 }}</ref> |- | rowspan="4"|α Hya |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|星宿一}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Xīngxiùyī}}||1st star |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|星宿距星}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Xīngxiùjùxīng}}||Separated star |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|星宿中央大星}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Xīngxiùzhōngyāngdàxīng}}||Big star in the center |- |τ<sup>1</sup> Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|星宿二}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Xīngxiùèr}}||2nd star |- |τ<sup>2</sup> Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|星宿三}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Xīngxiùsān}}||3rd star |- |ι Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|星宿四}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Xīngxiùsì}}||4th star |- |26 Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|星宿五}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Xīngxiùwǔ}}||5th star |- |27 Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|星宿六}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Xīngxiùliù}}||6th star |- |HD 82477 & HD 82428||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|星宿七}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Xīngxiùqī}}||7th star |- | rowspan="7" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|張}} | rowspan="7"|{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Zhāng}} | rowspan="7"|Extended Net | rowspan="7" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|張}} | rowspan="7"|{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Zhāng}} | rowspan="7"|Extended Net<ref name=sb3>{{in lang|zh}} [http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060530.html AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 5 月 30 日] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716122735/http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060530.html |date=16 July 2011 }}</ref> |- |υ<sup>1</sup> Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|張宿一}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Zhāngxiùyī}}||1st star |- |λ Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|張宿二}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Zhāngxiùèr}}||2nd star |- |μ Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|張宿三}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Zhāngxiùsān}}||3rd star |- |HD 87344||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|張宿四}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Zhāngxiùsì}}||4th star |- |κ Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|張宿五}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Zhāngxiùwǔ}}||5th star |- |φ Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|張宿六}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Zhāngxiùliù}}||6th star |- | rowspan="7" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|翼}} | rowspan="7"|{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Yì}} | rowspan="7"|Wings | rowspan="7" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|翼}} | rowspan="7"|{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Yì}} | rowspan="7"|Wings<ref name=sb4>{{in lang|zh}} [http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060531.html AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 5 月 31 日] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522113628/http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0605/ap060531.html |date=22 May 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{in lang|zh}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110902003808/http://wbbs.cc.ncku.edu.tw/ccns/index.php/8/179/485635 夢之大地 @ 國立成功大學 WebBBS DreamLand @ National Cheng Kung University WebBBS System]</ref> |- |ν Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|翼宿五}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Yìxiùwǔ}}||5th star |- |HD 100307||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|翼宿十八}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Yìxiùshíbā}}||18th star |- |HD 96819||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|翼宿十九}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Yìxiùshíjiǔ}}||19th star |- |χ<sup>1</sup> Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|翼宿二十}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Yìxiùèrshí}}||20th star |- |HD 102620||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|翼宿二十一}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Yìxiùèrshíyī}}||21st star |- |HD 103462||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|翼宿二十二}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Yìxiùèrshíèr}}||22nd star |- | rowspan="10" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|軫}} | rowspan="10"|{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Zhěn}} | rowspan="10"|Chariot | rowspan="9" style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|青丘}} | rowspan="9"|{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Qīngqiū}} | rowspan="9"|Green Hill<ref name=sb5>{{in lang|zh}} [http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0607/ap060722.html AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 22 日] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225112418/http://aeea.nmns.edu.tw/2006/0607/ap060722.html |date=25 February 2021 }}</ref> |- |rowspan="3"|β Hya |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|青丘一}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Qīngqiūyī}}||1st star |- |style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|土公西星}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Tǔgōngxīxīng}}||Star in the west of Official for Earthworks and Buildings constellation |- |HD 103596||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|青丘二}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Qīngqiūèr}}||2nd star |- |17 Crt<ref>the star is actually located in the constellation Hydra</ref>||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|青丘三}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Qīngqiūsān}}||3rd star |- |HD 100393||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|青丘四}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Qīngqiūsì}}||4th star |- |ξ Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|青丘五}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Qīngqiūwu}}||5th star |- |ο Hya||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|青丘七}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Qīngqiūqī}}||7th star |- | style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|軍門}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Jūnmén}}||Military Gate||HD 104309||style="background: #E34234; color: #FFD700"|{{lang|zh|軍門一}}||{{Transliteration|zh|pinyin|Jūnményī}}||1st star |} </div>
== In popular culture == In the MMORPG ''Final Fantasy XIV Online'' by Square Enix, a trial named "Hell's Kier" was added in Patch 4.4's Four Lords quest-line. The boss of this trial is named '''Suzaku''' and bears a resemblance to the Vermilion Bird.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://na.finalfantasyxiv.com/lodestone/topics/detail/cc70f5b1c61174463b431d06424e6be8f2701ef6 | title=Patch 4.4 Notes | publisher=Square Enix | access-date=4 April 2025 }}</ref>
In ''Kagurabachi'', the character Seichi Samura wields the enchanted blade Tobimune that harnesses the power of Suzaku, the vermilion bird, giving him regenerative powers.
In ''Beyblade'', ''Beyblade V-Force'' and ''Beyblade G-Revolution'', the bit-beast Dranzer is modelled after the Vermillion Bird.
== See also == *Birds in Chinese mythology *Four Holy Beasts
== References == {{Reflist|30em}}
== External links == * [https://archive.today/20121205054505/http://www2.gol.com/users/stever/charts.htm "Star Charts and Moon Stations"] * [https://archive.today/20121208130243/http://www2.gol.com/users/stever/summer.htm The Red Bird of the South]
{{Chinese mythology}} {{Chinese constellations}}
Category:Chinese constellations Category:Four Symbols Category:Birds in Chinese mythology Category:Onmyōdō deities Category:Phoenix birds