{{short description|City in Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine}} {{Expand Ukrainian|topic=geo|date=July 2022}} {{Infobox settlement | official_name = Zhashkiv | native_name = {{lang|uk|Жашків}} | native_name_lang = uk | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = File:Жашків. Міська рада.jpg | imagesize = | image_caption = Zhashkiv city hall | image_flag = File:Zhashkiv prapor new.png | image_shield = File:Zhashkiv gerb new.png | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | mapsize = 250px | map_caption = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{UKR}} | subdivision_type1 = Oblast | subdivision_name1 = Cherkasy Oblast | subdivision_type2 = Raion | subdivision_name2 = Uman Raion | established_title = Founded | established_date = 1636 | established_title1 = City rights | established_date1 = 1956 | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Ihor Cybrovskyj | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 130 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | population_as_of = 2022 | population_note = | population_total = 13242 | population_footnotes = | population_metro = | population_density_km2 = | pushpin_map = Ukraine Cherkasy Oblast#Ukraine | pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> | pushpin_map_caption = | pushpin_mapsize = 280 | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 11 | mapframe-wikidata = yes | coordinates = {{coord|49|14|09|N|30|06|40|E|region:UA|display=inline,title}} | elevation_m = 229| | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 19200—19208 | area_code = +380-4747 | blank_info = | blank1_info = | blank1_name = | website = * {{URL|http://zhashkivrada.gov.ua/}}{{dead link|date=July 2022}} * {{URL|http://zhashkiv.info/}} | footnotes = | flag_alt = | population_demonym = Zhashkivchány ({{langx|uk|жашківча́ни}})<ref>{{Cite book |last=Фаріон |first=Ірина |title=Мовна норма: знищення, пошук, віднова |language=uk |trans-title=Language norm: destruction, search, restoration}}</ref> | subdivision_type3 = Hromada | subdivision_name3 = Zhashkiv urban hromada }} '''Zhashkiv''' ({{langx|uk|Жашків}}, {{IPA|uk|ˈʒɑʃkiu̯|ipa|audio=LL-Q8798 (ukr)-Gzhegozh-Жашків.wav}}) is a city in Uman Raion, Cherkasy Oblast (province) of Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Zhashkiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.<ref name="admreform_2020_zhashkiv">{{cite web |title=Жашківська територіальна громада |url=https://decentralization.gov.ua/newgromada/4822/composition |publisher=decentralization.gov.ua |language=uk}}</ref> It had a population of {{Ua-pop-est2022|13,242|.}}
==Administrative status==
Zhashkiv gained status as a city in 1956.<ref name="autogenerated1">Жашков // Большой энциклопедический словарь (в 2-х тт.). / редколл., гл. ред. А. М. Прохоров. том 1. М., "Советская энциклопедия", 1991. стр.432</ref> Until 18 July 2020, Zhashkiv served as an administrative center of Zhashkiv Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Cherkasy Oblast to four. The area of Zhashkiv Raion was merged into Uman Raion.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-07-18 |title=Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ. |language=uk |website=Голос України |url=http://www.golos.com.ua/article/333466 |access-date=2020-10-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Нові райони: карти + склад |url=https://www.minregion.gov.ua/press/news/novi-rajony-karty-sklad/ |publisher=Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України |language=Ukrainian}}</ref>
==Geography== Zhashkiv lies on the Dnieper Upland.<ref name=ency/>
== History ==
=== Old Zhashkiv === The first mention of Zhashkiv was found in documents of the beginning of the 17th century, the town was officially mentioned on October 16 (according to the old style) in 1636 - a report that at the confluence of the Kozina Rudka river with the Rava Zhashkivska river, above the Skybyn Dam, a settlement was laid. The name "Zhashkiv" is also found on Guillaume Lavasseur De Beauplan's map. At that time, it belonged to the Tetiiv estates of the Ostrozki princes.
=== Modern History === From the end of the 18th century, the settlement became part of the Russian Empire.
Since 1796, Zhashkiv belongs to the Poles - Hryhoriy Zakrevskiy,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Григорий Иосифович Закревский р. ок. 1745? — Родовод |url=https://ru.rodovid.org/wk/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C:115828 |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=ru.rodovid.org}}</ref> two years later - Jan Tarnowiecki. After the death of Tarnovetskyi's son Jan in 1852, Zhashkiv was divided into two parts between the sisters Solomiya Rakovskaya and Palageya Charkovskaya.
In 1840, Zhashkiv was classified as a small town.
Since the end of the 19th century, Orthodox Christians lived in the city - 1,533 people, Catholics - 52 people, and the Jewish community - 556 people. In 1862, two churches and three synagogues operated here.
In 1860 — a sugar factory began operating in Zhashkiv. The enterprise has 350 workers, of which 260 are self-employed.{{Citation needed|date=February 2026}}
=== At the beginning of the 20th century === In 1917, Zhashkiv became part of the newly created Ukrainian People's Republic.
The first occupation of communist Moscow in February–March 1918 did not affect the Zhashkiv too much.
After the Hetman coup and the beginning of the repression of the Hetman government and the German occupiers against the peasantry, on June 8, 1918, a partisan unit from Zhashkiv arrived in nearby Stryzhavka to participate in the uprising against the Hetman government and the German occupiers.
The second occupation of communist Moscow, under which Zhashkiv fell in March 1919, caused an active insurgent movement there, directed against it.
Since 1922, Zhashkiv has been part of the USSR.
A local newspaper has been published in the city since September 1931.<ref>№ 3217. Свет коммунизма // Летопись периодических и продолжающихся изданий СССР 1986 - 1990. Часть 2. Газеты. М., «Книжная палата», 1994. стр.420</ref> The parents of Moshe Dayan were originally from Zhashkiv.{{Citation needed|date=July 2022}}
=== Population losses in the Soviet period === In 1922, Soviet power was established in the city. The city became part of the USSR.
At the end of 1922, Zhashkiv was assigned to the Uman district, and from April of the following year it became the center of the newly formed Zhashkiv district of the Uman district.
More than 5 thousand residents of Zhashkiv died during the Holodomor (1932-1933).{{Citation needed|date=February 2026}}
On July 19, 1941, Zhashkiv was occupied by German troops.{{Citation needed|date=February 2026}} On January 6, 1944, the city was liberated by the troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front.{{Citation needed|date=February 2026}}
=== Declaration of Independence of Ukraine === On December 1, 1991, the residents of the city voted by an absolute majority for the restoration of Ukraine's state independence and withdrawal from the USSR.
== Demographics == [[File:View of Zhashkiv from E95 highway-over crossing.jpg|thumb|E95/M05 highway in Zhashkiv]] In 1989, the population of the city was 16,484 people.<ref>[http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng89_reg2.php Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик, их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу]</ref><ref name="autogenerated1" /> In 2013, the population of the city was 14,234 people.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://database.ukrcensus.gov.ua/PXWEB2007/ukr/publ_new1/2013/sb_nnas_2012.pdf |title=Чисельність наявного населёння України на 1 січня 2013 року. Державна служба статистики України. Київ, 2013. стор.106 |access-date=2018-10-02 |archive-date=2013-10-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012013028/http://database.ukrcensus.gov.ua/PXWEB2007/ukr/publ_new1/2013/sb_nnas_2012.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
==Economy and transport== Zhashkiv is a historical centre of sugar industry. The city is the end point of a railway branch connected to the line Kyiv-Vinnytsia.<ref name=ency>{{Cite book|title=Енциклопедія українознавства. Словникова частина (ЕУ-II)|date=1993|volume=2|pages=663-664}}</ref>
==Gallery== <gallery> File:Horse statuary group in Zhashkov (1).JPG|Horse statues in Zhashkiv File:Zhashkiv, bus station.jpg|Zhashkiv bus station File:Жашків. Універмаг.jpg|A department store in Zhashkiv File:Zhashkiv grain elevator (02).jpg|Zhashkiv grain elevator </gallery>
== See also ==
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== *{{in lang|uk}} [http://www.zhashkiv.info City site (unofficial)] * {{SgKP|XIV|748|Żaszków}} * {{SgKP|XV_cz.2|724|Żaszków}}
{{Cherkasy Oblast}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Cities in Cherkasy Oblast Category:Cities of district significance in Ukraine Category:Kiev Governorate