Zalantun

{{Infobox settlement  |name = Zalantun |official_name =  |native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|扎兰屯}} • {{MongolUnicode|ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠢ᠌ᠯ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} • {{MongolUnicode|ᡷᠠ ᠯᠠᠨ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠨ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} {{small|(Chinese) • (Mongolian) • (Manchu)}}}} |other_name = Cha-lan-t'un |nickname = {{lang|zh|塞北小江南}} (Little Jiangnan of Saibei/Jiangnan beyond the Great Wall) |settlement_type = County-level city |motto =  |image_skyline = Tranquil village - panoramio.jpg |image_caption = |image_map = ChinaHulunbuirZhalantun.png |map_caption = Zalantun in Hulunbuir |pushpin_map =Inner Mongolia#China |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Inner Mongolia |pushpin_mapsize =  |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = China |subdivision_type1 = Autonomous region |subdivision_name1 = Inner Mongolia |subdivision_type2 = Prefecture-level city |subdivision_name2 = Hulunbuir |seat_type = Municipal seat |seat = Xinghua Subdistrict |parts_type = |parts_style =  |parts =  |p1 = |p2 =   |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 =  |leader_name1 = |established_title =  |established_date = |established_title1 =  |established_date1 = |established_title2 =  |established_date2 = |founder = |named_for =  | area_total_km2 = 16800.0 | area_urban_km2 = 385.00 | area_footnotes = <ref name="CUCSY_2017">{{cite book |editor1=Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development |editor-link=Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development |title=China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017 |date=2019 |publisher=China Statistics Press |location=Beijing |page=46 |url=http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/xytj/tjzljsxytjgb/jstjnj/w02019012421874448287322500.xls |access-date=11 January 2020 |archive-date=18 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618043019/http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/xytj/tjzljsxytjgb/jstjnj/w02019012421874448287322500.xls |url-status=dead }}</ref>  |elevation_footnotes =  |elevation_m = |elevation_max_m = |elevation_min_m =  |population_footnotes = <ref>[http://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/neimenggu/admin/ Inner Mongolia: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties]</ref> |population_note = |population_density_km2 =auto  | population_total = 318,933 | population_as_of = 2020 | population_urban = 134400 | population_urban_footnotes = <ref name="CUCSY_2017"/>  |timezone = China Standard |utc_offset = +8 |coordinates = {{coord|48.027|N|122.708|E|format=dms|type:adm3rd_region:CN-15_source:Gaode|display=it}}  |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 162650 |area_code = 0470 |website = {{URL|www.zhalantun.gov.cn}} |footnotes = }} {{Infobox Chinese |s=扎兰屯 |t=扎蘭屯 |p=Zhālántún |mong={{MongolUnicode|ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠢ᠌ᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} |monr=Jalan Ayil qota |mon= Жалан-Айл хот |mnc= {{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᡷᠠ ᠯᠠᠨ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠨ ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ|style=max-height:2.2em;text-align:left;word-wrap:normal}} |mnc_v= ja lan tu'n hoton }} '''Zalantun''' (Manchu {{MongolUnicode|{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠵᠠ ᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᡳ᠌ᠯ|style=max-height:70px;word-wrap:normal}}|h}}; ''J̌alan Ai"l'') or ''{{MongolUnicode|{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠵᠠ ᠯᠠᠨ ᡨᡠ᠋ᠨ|style=max-height:70px;word-wrap:normal}}|h}}; Jalan Tun'' or '''Zhalantun''') ({{zh|s=扎兰屯 |t=札蘭屯 |p=Zā lán tún}}) ({{langx|mn|{{MongolUnicode|{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠢ᠌ᠯ |style=max-height:70px;word-wrap:normal}}|h}}; Жалан-Айл}}), is a city and administrative division of Hulunbuir Prefecture-level city, Inner Mongolia, China. It is in the northeastern part of Inner Mongolia, in the southeastern foothills of the Greater Khingan mountains, bordering Heilongjiang province to the east. It is an area which has a number of forests and streams, as well as the Yalu River, not to be confused with the Yalu River on the Sino-Korean border. It is known for its hunting and fishing.{{citation needed|date=May 2017}}

==History== [[File:Txu-oclc-6614368-nm51-11.jpg|thumb|left|Map including Zalantun (labeled as {{lang|zh-hant|雅魯(扎蘭屯)}} Ya-lu (Cha-lan-t'un) (AMS, 1951)]] Zalantun was formerly known as Butha ({{lang-zh|c=布特哈 |p=Bùtèhā}}) ({{langx|mnc|{{MongolUnicode|{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠪᡠᡨᡥᠠᡳ|style=max-height:70px;word-wrap:normal}}|h}}; Buthai}}), and the city was made into an administrative centre in the Kangxi era. In 1929, Buteha was renamed as Yalu county ({{lang-zh|labels=no |s=雅鲁县 |p=Yǎlǔ Xiàn}}) because the Yalu River runs through it, but in 1933 it became the Zalantun Banner ({{lang-zh|labels=no |s=扎兰屯旗 |p=Zhālántún Qí}}). In 1983, Zalantun ceased to be a banner and became a part of Hulunbuir, remaining so today.

==Administrative divisions== Zalantun is made up of 7 subdistricts, 8 towns, 1 township, and 3 ethnic townships.

{| class="wikitable" align="center" style="width:50%; border="1" |- ! Name ! Simplified Chinese ! Hanyu Pinyin ! Mongolian (Hudum Script) ! Mongolian (Cyrillic) ! Administrative division code |- | colspan="6" style="text-align:center; background:#d3d3d3;"|'''Subdistricts''' |---------- | Xinghua Subdistrict | {{lang|zh-hans|兴华街道}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Xīnghuá Jiēdào}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠰᠢᠩ ᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Шин ухаа зээл гудамж}} | 150783001 |- | Zhengyang Subdistrict | {{lang|zh-hans|正阳街道}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Zhèngyáng Jiēdào}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠵᠧᠩ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Жен ян зээл гудамж}} | 150783002 |- | Fanrong Subdistrict | {{lang|zh-hans|繁荣街道}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Fánróng Jiēdào}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠹᠠᠨ ᠷᠦᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Фан рун зээл гудамж}} | 150783003 |- | Xiangyang Subdistrict | {{lang|zh-hans|向阳街道}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Xiàngyáng Jiēdào}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Шиян ян зээл гудамж}} | 150783004 |- | Gaotaizi Subdistrict | {{lang|zh-hans|高台子街道}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Gāotáizi Jiēdào}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠭᠣᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠽᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Гуутай зи зээл гудамж}} | 150783005 |- | Tiedong Subdistrict | {{lang|zh-hans|铁东街道}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Tiědōng Jiēdào}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Дамар замын зүүндэх зээл гудамж}} | 150783006 |- | Hexi Subdistrict | {{lang|zh-hans|河西街道}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Héxī Jiēdào}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ|style=max-height:2.5em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Голын баруунтах зээл гудамж}} | 150783007 |- | colspan="6" style="text-align:center; background:#d3d3d3;"|'''Towns''' |---------- | Moguqi Town | {{lang|zh-hans|蘑菇气镇}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Mógūqì Zhèn}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠮᠦᠬᠦᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Мөөч балгас}} | 150783100 |- | Woniuhe Town | {{lang|zh-hans|卧牛河镇}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Wòniúhé Zhèn}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠸᠧ ᠨᠢᠦ ᠾᠧ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Ве нүү ге балгас}} | 150783102 |- | Genghis Khan Town | {{lang|zh-hans|成吉思汗镇}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Chéngjísīhán Zhèn}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Чингис хан балгас}} | 150783103 |- | Dahewan Town | {{lang|zh-hans|大河湾镇}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Dàhéwān Zhèn}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠾᠧ ᠸᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Да ге ван балгас}} | 150783104 |- | Haoraoshan Town | {{lang|zh-hans|浩饶山镇}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Hàoráoshān Zhèn}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Хороо уул балгас}} | 150783105 |- | Chaihe Town | {{lang|zh-hans|柴河镇}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Cháihé Zhèn}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠴᠠᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Цай ге балгас}} | 150783106 |- | Zhonghe Town | {{lang|zh-hans|中和镇}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Zhōnghé Zhèn}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠵᠦᠩ ᠾᠧ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Жүн ге балгас}} | 150783107 |- | Haduohe Town (Had Gol Town) | {{lang|zh-hans|哈多河镇}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Hāduōhé Zhèn}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠬᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Хад гол балгас}} | 150783108 |- | colspan="6" style="text-align:center; background:#d3d3d3;"|'''Township''' |---------- | Wadi Township | {{lang|zh-hans|洼堤乡}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Wādī Xiāng}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠸᠠᠲ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ|style=max-height:2em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Вади шиян}} | 150783203 |- | colspan="6" style="text-align:center; background:#d3d3d3;"|'''Ethnic townships''' |---------- | Daur Ethnic Township | {{lang|zh-hans|达斡尔民族乡}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Dáwò'ěr Mínzúxiāng}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ|style=max-height:3em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Дагуур үндэстэний шиян}} | 150783200 |- | Oroqen Ethnic Township | {{lang|zh-hans|鄂伦春民族乡}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Èlúnchūn Mínzúxiāng}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠣᠷᠴᠣᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ|style=max-height:2.5em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Орцон үндэстэний шиян}} | 150783201 |- | Samagir Evenk Ethnic Township | {{lang|zh-hans|萨马街鄂温克民族乡}} | {{Transliteration|zh|Sàmǎjiē Èwēnkè Mínzúxiāng}} | {{MongolUnicode|ᠰᠠ ᠮᠠ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠡᠸᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ|style=max-height:2.5em;word-wrap:normal}} | {{lang|mn|Саа ма жье эвэнк үндэстэний шиян}} | 150783202 |- |}

== Climate == Zalantun has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen ''Dwa/Dwb''), with long frigid winters, very warm summers, and short transitional seasons. The monthly mean temperature ranges from {{convert|−16.5|°C|1}} in January to {{convert|21.7|°C|1}} in July, while the annual mean is {{convert|3.65|°C|1}}. Typifying the influence of the East Asian Monsoon, on average, a majority of the annual {{convert|501|mm}} of precipitation falls in July and August alone.

{{Weather box |location = Zhalantun, elevation {{convert|307|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) |width = auto |single line = Y |metric first = Y |collapsed = Y |Jan record high C= 4.3 |Feb record high C=11.7 |Mar record high C=22.1 |Apr record high C=30.7 |May record high C=38.0 |Jun record high C=40.2 |Jul record high C=40.1 |Aug record high C=35.2 |Sep record high C=35.5 |Oct record high C=29.7 |Nov record high C=17.0 |Dec record high C= 5.9 |Jan record low C = −34.7 |Feb record low C = −34.5 |Mar record low C = −26.7 |Apr record low C = −14.2 |May record low C = −6.3 |Jun record low C = 2.8 |Jul record low C = 8.0 |Aug record low C = 1.6 |Sep record low C = −5.7 |Oct record low C = −15.9 |Nov record low C = −25.3 |Dec record low C = −34.5 |Jan high C = -10.6 |Feb high C = -5.3 |Mar high C = 2.9 |Apr high C = 13.1 |May high C = 21.2 |Jun high C = 26.1 |Jul high C = 27.9 |Aug high C = 25.9 |Sep high C = 20.4 |Oct high C = 11.2 |Nov high C = -1.3 |Dec high C = -10.0 |Jan mean C = -16.3 |Feb mean C = -11.9 |Mar mean C = -3.7 |Apr mean C = 6.3 |May mean C = 14.3 |Jun mean C = 19.8 |Jul mean C = 22.3 |Aug mean C = 20.0 |Sep mean C = 13.4 |Oct mean C = 4.4 |Nov mean C = -7.1 |Dec mean C = -15.2 |Jan low C = -20.6 |Feb low C = -17.0 |Mar low C = -9.4 |Apr low C = -0.3 |May low C = 7.5 |Jun low C = 14.1 |Jul low C = 17.5 |Aug low C = 15.4 |Sep low C = 7.9 |Oct low C = -1.2 |Nov low C = -11.8 |Dec low C = -19.4 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 1.7 |Feb precipitation mm = 2.9 |Mar precipitation mm = 5.7 |Apr precipitation mm = 22.5 |May precipitation mm = 40.3 |Jun precipitation mm = 100.9 |Jul precipitation mm = 152.9 |Aug precipitation mm = 132.0 |Sep precipitation mm = 48.0 |Oct precipitation mm = 18.5 |Nov precipitation mm = 5.7 |Dec precipitation mm = 5.2 |Jan humidity = 56 |Feb humidity = 50 |Mar humidity = 42 |Apr humidity = 39 |May humidity = 43 |Jun humidity = 60 |Jul humidity = 69 |Aug humidity = 71 |Sep humidity = 62 |Oct humidity = 52 |Nov humidity = 55 |Dec humidity = 60 |unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |Jan precipitation days = 3.1 |Feb precipitation days = 2.5 |Mar precipitation days = 3.8 |Apr precipitation days = 5.8 |May precipitation days = 9.0 |Jun precipitation days = 13.8 |Jul precipitation days = 15.1 |Aug precipitation days = 12.9 |Sep precipitation days = 8.9 |Oct precipitation days = 4.7 |Nov precipitation days = 3.4 |Dec precipitation days = 5.2 |year precipitation days = |Jan sun = 188.2 |Feb sun = 216.8 |Mar sun = 269.8 |Apr sun = 264.2 |May sun = 275.3 |Jun sun = 247.3 |Jul sun = 239.1 |Aug sun = 239.9 |Sep sun = 239.7 |Oct sun = 228.0 |Nov sun = 176.2 |Dec sun = 158.4 |year sun = | Jan percentsun = 68 | Feb percentsun = 74 | Mar percentsun = 73 | Apr percentsun = 64 | May percentsun = 58 | Jun percentsun = 52 | Jul percentsun = 50 | Aug percentsun = 55 | Sep percentsun = 64 | Oct percentsun = 69 | Nov percentsun = 64 | Dec percentsun = 61 | year percentsun = |Jan snow days = 5.8 |Feb snow days = 4.4 |Mar snow days = 5.8 |Apr snow days = 3.9 |May snow days = 0.3 |Jun snow days = 0 |Jul snow days = 0 |Aug snow days = 0 |Sep snow days = 0.1 |Oct snow days = 2.6 |Nov snow days = 5.5 |Dec snow days = 7.9 |year snow days = |source 1 = China Meteorological Administration<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans |access-date=10 October 2023}}</ref><ref> {{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans | access-date =10 October 2023}}</ref> Weather China<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101081012.shtml?|title = 扎兰屯 - 气象数据 -中国天气网}}</ref> }}

==Economy== Zalantun's economy is based primarily on tourism and agriculture, livestock and forestry. The Harbin-Manzhouli Railway traverses the district. It is rich in food grains, particularly wheat, soy and corn, as well as cattle, sheep, horse and other livestock. It has an industrial base in paper production, candy production, and wool. It has an annual average temperature of 2 °C and an average annual precipitation of 480mm. The northwest portion of the district consists of natural forests in the Greater Khingan mountains.

==Transport== Zhalantun Chengjisihan Airport was opened in December 2016.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.caacnews.com.cn/1/5/201612/t20161228_1207613.html |script-title=zh:内蒙古扎兰屯成吉思汗机场投入使用 | work=Civil Aviation Administration of China | date=28 December 2016 | language = zh-hans}}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Cities in Inner Mongolia Category:Hulunbuir Category:County-level divisions of Inner Mongolia Category:Zalantun