Zaslawye

{{Short description|Town in Minsk Region, Belarus}} {{refimprove|date=June 2024}} {{Infobox settlement |settlement_type = [[List of cities and towns in Belarus|Town]] |name=Zaslawye |other_name=Zaslavl |native_name = {{native name|be|Заслаўе|italics=off}}<br />{{native name|ru|Заславль|italics=off}} |nickname = |image_skyline = Montage of photos of Zaslavl, Belarus.png |image_caption = |imagesize = |image_flag = |image_shield = Coat of Arms of Zasłaŭje, Belarus.svg |image_map = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = [[Belarus]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Belarus|Region]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Minsk Region]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Belarus|District]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Minsk District]] |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = Founded |established_date = 985 |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 14.2 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |population_as_of = 2026 |population_note = |population_total = 17,166 |population_footnotes = <ref name="pop">{{cite web|url=https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/publications/izdania/public_bulletin/index_163365/|title=Численность населения на 1 января 2026 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2025 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260508115922/https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/publications/izdania/public_bulletin/index_163365/|archive-date=8 May 2026|website=belsat.gov.by|access-date=8 May 2026}}</ref> |population_metro = |population_density_km2 = auto |timezone = [[Moscow Time|MSK]] |utc_offset = +3 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |pushpin_map = Belarus |pushpin_label_position = left |map_caption = Location of Zaslawye in Belarus |coordinates = {{coord|54|00|30|N|27|17|05|E|region:BY|display=inline,title}} |elevation_m = 211 |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 223034, 223036 |area_code = +375 17 |blank_name =License plate |blank_info =5 |website =  |footnotes = }} '''Zaslawye''' or '''Zaslavl'''{{efn|{{langx|be|Заслаўе|Zaslaŭje}}, {{IPA|be|zaˈsɫau̯je|IPA}}; {{langx|ru|Заславль}}; {{langx|pl|Zasław}}; {{langx|lt|Zaslavlis}}.}} is a town in [[Minsk District]], [[Minsk Region]], [[Belarus]].<ref name="pop"/> It is located {{convert|20|km}} northwest of the capital [[Minsk]]. In 2009, its population was 14,400.<ref>{{in lang|ru}} [http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/1.2-6.pdf 2009 statistics of Belarus] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030222404/http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/1.2-6.pdf |date=October 30, 2010 }} ([[Belstat]])</ref> As of 2026, it has a population of 17,116.<ref name="pop"/>

==History== According to chronicles, Zaslawye was founded in 985 by [[Vladimir the Great]]. He sent his wife [[Rogneda]] to live in Zaslawye with their son [[Iziaslav of Polotsk]], the founder of the princely house of [[Polotsk]]. The town is mentioned in historical writings as Izyaslavl, which led to the current name, Zaslawye.

In the beginning of Middle Ages, the town was a centre of the [[Principality of Izyaslavl]]. In the 11th century, the town was heavily fortified. Much of the town's territory has been designated for archaeological preservation now. In the modern days, the town built its outdoor statue of Rogneda and Izyaslav.

During the period of [[Reformation]], the town was a nest for followers of [[Calvinism]] and [[Socinianism]].

The town became a part of the [[Minsk Governorate]] of the [[Russian Empire]] after the [[Second Partition of Poland]] in 1793. Soviet power was established in November 1917. German occupation lasted from February to December 1918. In 1919, the town became a part of the [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic|Byelorussian SSR]]. Polish occupation lasted from July 1919 to July 1920.

This district center was under German occupation from 28 June 1941 to 4 July 1944. In 1939, Jews comprised 9% of the town’s population, numbering 248 people. In October 1941, the Germans gathered 100 Jews from the town in a ghetto (a building formerly occupied by Soviet border guards). They were forbidden to go outside and didn’t receive food. The ghetto was surrounded by a fence and was supervised all day and night. On September 26 and 27, 1941, all Jewish men (at least 20 of them) were killed, 12 of whom were burned in the ghetto building. On September 29, around 100 Jews, mostly women, children, and elderly people, were taken on horse carts out of the ghetto under the pretext of future resettlement to Minsk. They were all shot in a pit in the forest near the village of [[Sloboda]]. For a month following the liquidation of the ghetto, 35 Jewish women were kept in one of the houses on Bazarnaya Street. They were used for different kinds of forced labor until they were all shot on October 29, 1941.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://yahadmap.org/#village/zaslavl-minsk-belarus.494|title=Yahad - in Unum}}</ref>

==Geography== Zaslawye is situated in north-western suburb of [[Minsk]]. It is part of its urban area and one of its main towns along with [[Fanipol]] and [[Machulishi]]. Considering that the Belarusian capital Minsk, a center of [[Minsk Raion]], is administratively separated from Zaslawye, it is still the most populated settlement of the proper ''raion''. Th town is located near the large [[Zaslawskaye reservoir]], often called the Minsk sea.

==Sites== All historical attractions of Zaslawye are situated in the downtown not far from the [[Belarus Railway Station]]. The most interesting of them are the [[Zamechek Castle]], which is an archaeological site of the Zaslawye town of the 10 – 12th centuries; the [[Val Site]], which includes town ramparts and the fortified [[Savior Transfiguration Church]] (primary Calvinist church which was built from 1577 onward and is still in fair preservation); the [[Phara St Mary Church]] of the 18th century; a small skansen of a traditional wooden tavern, a blacksmith workshop, storehouse and steam mill.

==Notable people== *[[Symon Budny]] (1533–1593), humanist

==Notes== {{notelist}}

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{Commons category|Zaslaŭje|Zaslawye}} * [https://globustut.by/zaslavl Views of Zaslavl] * [http://szlachta.io.ua/album6786 Jurkau kutoczak — Юркаў куточак — Yury's Corner. Заслаўе] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223102410/http://szlachta.io.ua/album6786 |date=2014-12-23 }} * [http://radzima.org/pub/miesta.php?lang=en&miesta_id1=memezasl Photos on Radzima.org]

[[Category:Populated places in Minsk region]] [[Category:Minsk district]] [[Category:985 establishments]] [[Category:Polochans]] [[Category:Minsky Uyezd]] [[Category:Holocaust locations in Belarus]] [[Category:Rus' towns]]