{{short description|Species of flowering plant}} {{Speciesbox |image = 食茱萸.jpg |genus = Zanthoxylum |species = ailanthoides |authority = Siebold & Zucc. }}
'''''Zanthoxylum ailanthoides''''', also called '''ailanthus-like prickly ash''',<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf|title=English Names for Korean Native Plants|publisher=Korea National Arboretum|year=2015|isbn=978-89-97450-98-5|location=Pocheon|pages=683|access-date=26 December 2016|via=Korea Forest Service}}</ref> ({{zh|s=椿叶花椒|p=chun ye hua jiao}}, lit. "Ailanthus-leaved pepper",<ref name=z&h>{{Harvnb|Zhang|Hartley|2008}}; the name is obviously adaptation of latin ailanthoides "ailanthus-like"</ref> {{zh|t=越椒|p=yue-jiao|w=yüeh-chiao}}, lit. "Yue pepper",<ref name="Hu 2005">{{Harvnb|Hu|2005}}, p.503</ref> 食茱萸 ''shi zhu yu'',<ref>given in :zh:花椒, retrieved from (2011.12.20 11:55) version</ref><ref name=nkdj>{{citation|author=Nihon Daijiten Kankōkai|title=日本国語大辞典|publisher=小学館 (Shogakkan) |year=1973|page=196|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gb4YAQAAIAAJ&q=%22%E9%A3%9F%E8%8C%B1%E8%90%B8%22|format=snippet}}, 「澳名に食茱萸を当てる。からすのさんしょう..カラスザンセウ」(This dictionary states 食茱萸 as Cantonese for ''karasu-zansho'')</ref><ref name=stuart>{{Harvnb|Stuart|Smith|1985}}, p.462 gives 食菜萸 but probably mistype since this is not pronounced {{zh|w=Shih-chu-yü}}</ref> lit. "edible shān zhū yú"; {{langx|ja|カラスザンショウ}}, からすのさんしょう<ref name=nkdj/> ''karasu-zanshō, karasu-no-sanshō'', lit. "crow prickly ash") is an Asiatic plant of the prickly-ash genus ''Zanthoxylum'', natively occurring in forest-covered parts of southeastern China, Taiwan, Southeast Asia, and Japan from Honshu southward.<ref>{{citation|author=川原勝征|author2=初島住彦|title=南九州・里の植物: 太陽の贈り物|publisher=図書出版 南方新社|year=2001|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XvWg3QqRlggC&pg=PA175|format=preview|isbn=9784931376502|page=175}}(hamlet plants of Southern Kyushu)</ref> The piquant fruit serves as a local substitute for the ordinary red-pepper in China before the Columbian exchange.<ref name=stuart/> In Taiwan, the young leaves are used in cuisines.<ref name="Hu 2005"/>
Though some refer to the species as "Japanese prickly-ash", that name is confusing since it is sometimes applied to the ''sanshō'' which is ''Z. piperitum''. ''Z. ailanthoides'' is not normally exploited for human consumption in Japan, except by the prehistoric people from the Jōmon period.<ref>Yasushi Kosugi (小杉康) et al.『大地と森の中で: 縄文時代の古生態系』同成社, 2009, p.145</ref> It is foraged in the wild by the Japanese macaque.<ref>{{citation|last1=Leca|first1=Jeanan-Baptiste|last2=Huffman|first2=Michael|last3=Vasey|first3=Paul|title=The Monkeys of Stormy Mountain: 60 Years of Primatological Research|year=2012|publisher=Cambridge University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ygJbgmXscc4C&pg=PA367|format=google|isbn=9780521761857|page=367}}</ref>
A regional nickname is ''tara'',<ref>{{Harvnb|川原勝征|初島住彦|2001}}, p.175</ref> and in fact, its young shoots are often mistaken for the true ''tara'' (''Aralia elata'') by gatherers of wild plants.<ref>{{citation|author=川原勝征|title=野草を食べる: 山菜ガイド|publisher=南方新社|year=2005|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dfq0dukX3PgC&pg=PA64|format=preview|isbn=9784861240485}}p.64</ref> The Latin name ''ailanthoides'' of the species comes from its leaves resembling those of the Ailanthus. Like other genera of plants in the rue family, it serves as the host food plant for the larvae of several Continental Asian swallowtail butterfly species, such as ''Papilio bianor'', ''Papilio helenus'', ''Papilio protenor'', and ''Papilio xuthus''.
==References== {{Reflist|30em}}
==Sources== *{{citation|last1=Zhang|first1=Dianxiang|last2=Hartley |first2=Thomas G.|author2-link=Thomas G. Hartley|title=1. Zanthoxylum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 270. 1753. |journal=Flora of China|volume=11|pages=53–66|year=2008|url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=135262}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20130507072556/http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/PDF/PDF11/Zanthoxylum.pdf PDF] *{{citation|last=Hu|first=Shiu-ying|title=Food plants of China|volume=1|publisher=Chinese University Press|year=2005|isbn=9789629962296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2OiYydyrsygC&pg=PA503|format=preview }} *{{citation|last1=Stuart|first1=George Arthur|last2=Smith|first2=Frederick Porter|title=Chinese materia medica|volume=vegetable kingdom|publisher=Southern Materials Center, 1985 |year=1985|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SLNKAQAAIAAJ|format=snippet}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1156537}}
Category:Chinese condiments Category:Herbs Category:Leaf vegetables Category:Plants described in 1845 Category:Taiwanese cuisine Category:Taxa named by Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini Category:Taxa named by Philipp Franz von Siebold Category:Trees of China Category:Trees of Japan Category:Trees of Taiwan ailanthoides
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