{{Short description|Christian hymn by Martin Rinkart}} {{Infobox musical composition | name = {{Lang|de|Nun danket alle Gott|italic=no}}<br />Now Thank We All Our God | type = Hymn | image = Nun danket alle Gott (1653).jpg | alt = | caption = Text and tune with a figured bass in Johann Crüger's ''Praxis pietatis melica'', 1653 | catalogue = Zahn&nbsp;5142 | occasion = | text = by Martin Rinkart, translated by Catherine Winkworth | language = German | written = 1636 | based_on = {{Sourcetext|source=Bible|version=King James|book=Ecclesiasticus|chapter=50|verse=22-24}} | meter = 6.7.6.7.6.6.6.6 | melody = attributed to Johann Crüger | composed = | published = 1647 }} "'''Now thank we all our God'''" is a popular Christian hymn. Catherine Winkworth translated it from the German "'''{{Lang|de|Nun danket alle Gott|italic=no}}'''",<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nun danket alle Gott |url=https://www.hymnologyarchive.com/nun-danket-alle-gott |access-date=2025-10-18 |website=Hymnology Archive |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Hymns: "Now Thank We All Our God" |url=https://www.umcdiscipleship.org/resources/history-of-hymns-now-thank-we-all-our-god |access-date=2025-10-18 |website=Discipleship Ministries |language=en-US}}</ref> written {{circa|1636}} by the Lutheran pastor Martin Rinkart. Its hymn tune, Zahn No.&nbsp;5142, was published by Johann Crüger in the 1647 edition of his ''Praxis pietatis melica''.<ref name="lieder">{{cite web | title=Liederdatenbank: Nun danket alle Gott| url=https://www.evangeliums.net/lieder/lied_nun_danket_alle_gott.html| website=www.evangeliums.net/lieder/| access-date=19 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="Zahn">{{cite book | last1 = Zahn | first1 = Johannes | author-link1 = Johannes Zahn | year = 1890 | title = Die Melodien der deutschen evangelischen Kirchenlieder | volume = III | url = https://archive.org/details/1508285990bsb11304501 | location = Gütersloh | publisher = Bertelsmann | page = 307 }}</ref>

==Background== {{unreferenced section|date=January 2017}} Martin Rinkart was a Lutheran pastor who came to Eilenburg, Saxony, at the beginning of the Thirty Years' War. The walled city of Eilenburg became the refuge for political and military fugitives, but the result was overcrowding, deadly pestilence and famine. Armies overran it three times. The Rinkart home was a refuge for the victims, even though he was often hard-pressed to provide for his own family. During the height of a severe plague in 1637, Rinkart was the only surviving pastor in Eilenburg, conducting as many as 50 funerals in a day. He performed more than 4,000 funerals in that year, including that of his wife.

Rinkart was a prolific hymn writer. In Rinkart's {{Lang|de|Jesu Hertz-Büchlein}} (Leipzig, 1636), "{{Lang|de|Nun danket alle Gott|italic=no}}" appears under the title "{{Lang|de|Tisch-Gebetlein|italic=no}}", as a short prayer before meals. The exact date is debated, but it is known that it was widely sung by the time the Peace of Westphalia was signed in 1648. Johann Crüger published it in the 1647 edition of his ''Praxis pietatis melica''.

==Text== thumb|upright|Catherine Winkworth {{stack|thumb|upright|Martin Rinkart}} Below is the text in a modern version from the German hymnal ''Evangelisches Gesangbuch'',<ref>[http://www.l4a.org/cgi-bin/4lieder?lookupMode=liedaufschlagen&lookup=Evangelisches%20Gesangbuch+321 Evangelisches Gesangbuch 321] (in German) Evangelisches Gesangbuch / Niedersachsen Bremen</ref> and a 19th-century translation by Catherine Winkworth:<ref>[https://hymnary.org/text/now_thank_we_all_our_god Now Thank We All Our God] hymnary.org</ref> {| |- |<poem>Nun danket alle Gott mit Herzen, Mund und Händen,&nbsp;&nbsp; der große Dinge tut an uns und allen Enden, der uns von Mutterleib und Kindesbeinen an unzählig viel zu gut bis hierher hat getan.</poem> |<poem>Now thank we all our God, with heart and hands and voices, Who wondrous things has done, in Whom this world rejoices; Who from our mothers’ arms has blessed us on our way With countless gifts of love, and still is ours today.</poem> |- |<poem>Der ewig reiche Gott woll uns in unserm Leben ein immer fröhlich Herz und edlen Frieden geben, und uns in seiner Gnad erhalten fort und fort, und uns aus aller Not erlösen hier und dort.</poem> |<poem>O may this bounteous God through all our life be near us, With ever joyful hearts and blessed peace to cheer us; And keep us in His grace, and guide us when perplexed; And free us from all ills, in this world and the next!</poem> |- |<poem>Lob, Ehr und Preis sei Gott, dem Vater und dem Sohne, und Gott, dem Heilgen Geist im höchsten Himmelsthrone, ihm, dem dreieinen Gott, wie es im Anfang war und ist und bleiben wird so jetzt und immerdar.</poem> |<poem>All praise and thanks to God the Father now be given; The Son and Him Who reigns with Them in highest Heaven; The one eternal God, whom earth and Heaven adore; For thus it was, is now, and shall be evermore.</poem> |}

== Melody == {{Listen|type=music|filename=Nu takker alle Gud.ogg|title=Played on piano}} The original version: <score sound="1"> \new Staff << \clef treble \new Voice = "Soprano" { \key g \major \tempo 4=108 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "oboe" { \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \override Score.BarNumber #'transparent = ##t \time 4/4 \relative c'' { \partial 4 d | d4 d e e | d2.\fermata b4 | c b a b8 c | a2 g4\fermata } \relative c'' { \partial 4 d | d4 d e e | d2.\fermata b4 | c b a b8 c | a2 g4\fermata } \relative c'' { a4 | a a b b | a2.\fermata a4 | b8 cis d4 d cis | d2.\fermata d4 | e d c b | c2.\fermata b4 | a b8 c a4. g8 | g2. \bar "|." } } } >> </score>

However, a modified version is more often used when the hymn is sung in English: <score sound="2"> \new Staff << \clef treble \new Voice = "Soprano" { \key f \major \tempo 4=108 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "oboe" { \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \override Score.BarNumber #'transparent = ##t \time 4/4 \relative c'' { \partial 4 c | c4 c d d | c2.\fermata c4 | bes4 a g a | g2 f4\fermata } \relative c'' { \partial 4 c | c4 c d d | c2.\fermata c4 | bes4 a g a | g2 f4\fermata } \relative c'' { g4 | g g a c | g2.\fermata g4 | a8 b c4 d b | c2.\fermata c4 | d c bes a | bes2.\fermata a4 | g f f e | f2. \bar "|." } } } >> </score> The melody is sometimes attributed to Rinkart,<ref>[http://www.lyrik-und-lied.de/media/GBA/typ/1776/Essay.pdf Siegmar Keil] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402112527/http://www.lyrik-und-lied.de/media/GBA/typ/1776/Essay.pdf |date=2015-04-02 }} (2005)</ref> but it is usually considered to be by Johann Crüger,<ref>[http://www.liederlexikon.de/lieder/nun_danket_alle_gott Michael Fischer] (2007).</ref> who first published it.<ref name="Zahn" />

== Musical settings == [[File:Mendelssohn Bartholdy.jpg|thumb|upright|Felix Mendelssohn (1829) by J. W. Childe]]

It is used in J.S. Bach's cantatas, such as BWV 79,<ref>[http://www.bach-chorales.com/BWV0079_3.htm BWV 79.3] bach-chorales.com</ref> 192 (music lost), harmonized for four voices in BWV 252<ref>[http://www.bach-chorales.com/BWV0252.htm BWV 252] bach-chorales.com</ref> and 386,<ref>[http://www.bach-chorales.com/BWV0386.htm BWV 386] bach-chorales.com</ref> and set in a chorale prelude, BWV 657, as part of the Great Eighteen Chorale Preludes.<ref>{{citation|title=J. S. Bach's Great Eighteen Organ Chorales|first=Russell|last= Stinson|publisher=Oxford University Press|year= 2001|isbn=0-19-516556-X}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=The Organ Music of J. S. Bach|first=Peter |last=Williams|edition=2nd|year=2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-89115-9|pages=336–386}}</ref> The now-standard harmonisation was devised by Felix Mendelssohn in 1840 when he adopted the hymn, sung in the now-standard key of G major and with its original German lyrics, as the chorale to his ''Lobgesang'' or ''Hymn of Praise'' (also known as his Symphony No. 2).{{citation needed|date=January 2017}}

Max Reger composed a chorale prelude as No. 27 of his 52 Chorale Preludes, Op. 67 in 1902. The late-Romantic German composer Sigfrid Karg-Elert used it in his ''Marche Triomphale''.{{citation needed|date=January 2017}} John Rutter composed ''Now thank we all our God'' for choir and brass in 1974.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780193853614.do | title = John Rutter / Now thank we all our God / No. 1 of Two Hymns of Praise | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 1974 | access-date = 11 June 2014 }}</ref> In 1977 Czech-American composer Václav Nelhýbel arranged a contemporary setting entitled ''Now Thank We All Our God:'' Concertato for 2 trumpets, 2 trombones and organ with tuba and timpani which incorporated "Nun Danket alle Gott" for congregational singing.<ref>{{cite book|title=Catalogue of Music for Organ and Instruments|page=104|publisher=Scarecrow Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ujF6_YFKBSAC&pg=PA104|isbn=9780810852990|access-date=November 25, 2017|last=Laster|first=James|year=2005}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Dennis Schmidt|title=An Organist's Guide to Resources for the Hymnal 1982|volume=I|page=94|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pjvCFcJs1T0C&pg=PA94|publisher=Church Publishing, Inc.|year=1987|isbn=9780898691511|access-date=November 25, 2017}}</ref> Hermann Chr. Bühler made an elaborate setting of Johann Crüger's version.<ref>''Gesangbuch'', The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1977{{Full citation needed|date=September 2021|reason=Publisher? Page? ISBN?}}</ref>

===Leuthen Chorale=== It is claimed that after the Battle of Leuthen in 1757, the hymn was taken up by the entire assembled Prussian army. This narrative is, however, questioned by historians and musicologists, who identify the story as a later invention of Prussian propaganda.<ref>Hofer, Achim. "Joseph Goldes (1802–1886) Fest-Reveille (1858) über den Choral 'Nun danket alle Gott' für Militärmusik" in Peter Moormann, Albrecht Riethmüller & Rebecca Wolf eds., ''Paradestück Militärmusik: Beiträge zum Wandel staatlicher Repräsentation durch Musik'', Transcript Verlag (2012), {{pp.|217–238}}, {{ISBN|978-3-8376-1655-2}}.</ref><ref>Kroener, Bernhard R. "'Nun danket alle Gott.' der Choral von Leuthen und Friedrich der Große als protestantischer Held; die Produktion politischer Mythen im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert" in Hartmut Lehmann & Gerd Krumeich eds. ''"Gott mit uns": Religion, Nation und Gewalt im 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert'', Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (2000), {{pp.|105–134}}, {{ISBN|9783525354780}}.</ref> Because of this story the melody is sometimes known as the Leuthen Chorale.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Overy |first1=Richard |title=A History of War in 100 Battles |date=2014 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-939071-7 |pages=115 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4jjvBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA115 |language=en}}</ref>

== References == {{Reflist}}

== External links == {{wikisource|Now Thank we all our God}} * {{Commons category-inline}} * [http://www.l4a.org/cgi-bin/4lieder?lookupMode=liedaufschlagen&lookup=Evangelisches%20Gesangbuch+321 Evangelisches Gesangbuch 321] (melody and text in 3 languages) l4a.org * [http://songsandhymns.org/hymns/sheetmusic/now-thank-we-all-our-god "Now Thank We All Our God"] (score and audio version) on the website of the Center for Church Music * [https://play.hymnswithoutwords.com/now-thank-we-all-our-god-nun-danket Hymns Without Words] lyrics and recording available for download

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Category:17th-century hymns in German Category:English Christian hymns Category:Lutheran hymns Category:Thanksgiving songs Category:Hymns in The New English Hymnal