{{Short description|Species of bird}} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}} {{Speciesbox | image = Hart Cnemophilus macgregorii crop.jpg | image_caption = Lithograph by William Hart showing two males of the nominate subspecies | image2 = Cnemophilus macgregorii - themaskedlapwing - 571148704.jpeg | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2017 |title=''Cnemophilus macgregorii'' |volume=2017 |article-number= e.T103731110A112748996 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T103731110A112748996.en |access-date=29 October 2023}}</ref> | genus = Cnemophilus | species = macgregorii | authority = De Vis, 1890 | synonyms = }}

The '''crested satinbird''' ('''''Cnemophilus macgregorii'''''), formerly known as the '''crested bird-of-paradise''', is a species of bird in the satinbird family Cnemophilidae. It is found in the mountains of Papua New Guinea.

==Taxonomy== The crested satinbird was formally described in 1890 by the English zoologist Charles Walter De Vis from a specimen that had been collected on Mount Knutsford near Mount Victoria in Papua New Guinea. He coined the binomial name ''Cnemophilus macgregorii''.<ref>{{ cite book | last=De Vis | first=Charles Walter | author-link=Charles Walter De Vis | date=1890 | chapter=Appendix G. Report on birds from British New Guinea | editor-last=MacGregor | editor-first=William MacGregor | editor-link=William MacGregor| title=British New Guinea. Annual report by Her Majesty's administrator of the government, from 4th September 1888 to 30th June 1889 | location=Melbourne | publisher=Robert S Brain Government Printer | pages=58-61 [61] | url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-82611601/view?partId=nla.obj-82611674# }}</ref><ref>{{ cite book | editor1-last=Mayr | editor1-first=Ernst | editor1-link=Ernst Mayr | editor2-last=Greenway | editor2-first=James C. Jr | year=1962 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=15 | publisher=Museum of Comparative Zoology | location=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=183 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14485556 }}</ref> The specific epithet was chosen to honour the British colonial governor of New Guinea, William MacGregor.<ref>{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn= 978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=234 | url=https://archive.org/stream/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling#page/n234/mode/1up }}</ref>

The crested satinbird was formerly placed in the bird-of-paradise family Paradisaeidae with the English name "crested bird-of-paradise".<ref name=hbw>{{ cite book | last1=Frith | first1=C.B. | last2=Frith | first2=D.W. | year=2009 | chapter=Family Paradisaeidae (Birds-of-paradise) | editor1-last=del Hoyo | editor1-first=J. | editor2-last=Elliott | editor2-first=A. | editor3-last=Sargatal | editor3-first=J. | title=Handbook of the Birds of the World | volume=14: Bush-shrikes to Old World Sparrows | location=Barcelona, Spain | publisher=Lynx Edicions | isbn=978-84-96553-50-7 | pages=404-493 [461] | chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/handbookofbirdso0014unse/page/461/mode/1up | chapter-url-access=registration }}</ref>

Two subspecies are recognised:<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2023 | title=Australasian babblers, logrunners, satinbirds, berrypeckers, wattlebirds, whipbirds, jewel-babblers, quail-thrushes | work=IOC World Bird List Version 13.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/au_babblers/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=9 November 2023 }}</ref>

* ''Cnemophilus macgregorii'' <small>Iredale, 1948</small> – the "red satinbird" found in montane central west, central east New Guinea;<ref>{{ cite journal | last=Iredale | first=Tom | author-link=Tom Iredale | year=1948 | title=A check list of the birds of paradise and bower-birds | journal=Australian Zoologist | volume=11 | issue=3 | pages=161-189 [162] | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39059826 }}</ref> sometimes treated as a full species.<ref>{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2017 |title=''Cnemophilus sanguineus'' |volume=2017 |article-number=e.T103731114A112748548 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T103731114A112748548.en |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref> * ''Cnemophilus macgregorii'' <small>De Vis, 1890</small> – the "yellow satinbird" found in montane south-eastern New Guinea.

==Description== The crested satinbird is around {{cvt|24|cm}} in overall length and weighs {{cvt|79-125|g}}. The male of the nominate subspecies has bright yellow upperparts with a small erectile crest of 4 to 6 sickle-shaped dark-buff feathers that are usually concealed. The lores and underparts are a brownish black. The female is plain olive brownish above and light brownish below. The adult male of subspecies ''sanguineus'' differs from the nominate in having red dorsal plumage. These birds make harsh rasping calls and a low hissing.<ref name=hbw/>

==Distribution and habitat== They are found in the mountains of eastern and southeastern New Guinea. The habitat is upper montane and subalpine forest where there is dense vegetation.<ref name=hbw/>

==Behaviour and ecology== ===Food and feeding=== The crested satinbird eats only fruits which are plucked and eaten whole without any manipulation using the feet.<ref name=hbw/>

===Breeding=== The breeding season is from August to January. The nest is built by the female and is placed {{cvt|2|-|4|m}} above the ground on a branch of a tree. The nest has a globular shape with an entrance hole at the side. The clutch is probably only a single egg which hatches after an incubation period of at least 19 days.<ref name=hbw/>

==References== {{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q941479}}

Category:Cnemophilus Category:Birds of the Papuan Peninsula Category:Birds described in 1890 Category:Endemic birds of Papua New Guinea