{{Short description|Chinese medical scholar}} {{family name hatnote|Ye|lang=Chinese}} {{Infobox person | name = Ye Tianshi | image = Ye Tianshi.jpg | caption = Portrait of Ye Tianshi. | native_name = 葉天士 | native_name_lang = Chinese | birth_date = 1667 | birth_place = | death_date = {{death year and age|1747|1667}} | death_place = | occupation = Physician | era = Qing dynasty }} '''Ye Tianshi''' (1667–1747) was a Chinese medical scholar who was the major proponent of the "school of warm diseases".<ref name=Liao>{{cite book|last1=Liao|first1=Yuqun|title=Traditional Chinese Medicine|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521186728|pages=105–106|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LNJ0fV6O_lEC&q=%22Four+stages%22+and+%22Ye+Tianshi%22&pg=PA105|language=en|date=2011-08-25}}</ref> His major work, ''Wen-re Lun'' (Discussion of Warm Diseases) published in 1746,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Kaptchuk|first1=Ted|title=The Web That Has No Weaver: Understanding Chinese Medicine|date=8 December 2014|publisher=BookBaby|isbn=9781483546278|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5oZXDQAAQBAJ&q=Ye+Tianshi&pg=PT410|language=en}}</ref> divided the manifestations of diseases into four stages: ''wei'' (defensive phase), ''qi'' (''qi''-phase), ''ying'' (nutrient-phase), and ''xue'' (blood-phase).<ref name=Liao/>
==Life== Ye Tianshi was born in 1666. His father as well as his grandfather, Ye Shi, were also physicians.<ref name=Chao>{{cite book|last1=Chao|first1=Yüan-ling|title=Medicine and Society in Late Imperial China: A Study of Physicians in Suzhou, 1600-1850|year=2009|publisher=Peter Lang|isbn=9781433103810|pages=97|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oiGkWyynvAMC&q=Ye+Tianshi&pg=PA97|language=en}}</ref> He learned medicine from his father and, following his father's death, from his father's pupil of the surname Zhu.<ref name=Chao/>
==Work== Ye Tianshi wrote little and most works attributed to him were compiled by his followers after his death.<ref name=Chao/> He is best known for proposing that feverish diseases progressed along four stages, a theory he laid out in his book ''Discussion of Warm Diseases''.<ref name=Liao/> Those stages are ''wei'' (defensive phase), ''qi'' (''qi''-phase or active ''qian'' phase), ''ying'' (nutrient-phase), and ''xue'' (blood-phase).<ref name=Liao/> The characteristics of ''wei'' are fever, sensitivity to cold, headache, and rapid pulse. Next ''qi'' is the phase of most active disease, characterized by high fever, sweating, dry mouth, and rapid pulse. ''Ying'' is characterized by rising fever at night, agitation, confusion, and weak pulse. Finally, ''xue'' consists of agitation, rash, and in some cases vomiting of blood or blood in the stool or urine.<ref name=Chao/> In his treatments for feverish diseases, Ye recommended cooling substances.<ref name=Liao/>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==Further reading== *{{cite ECCP|title=Yeh Kuei}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ye, Tianshi}} Category:1667 births Category:1747 deaths Category:18th-century Chinese medical doctors Category:Writers from Suzhou Category:Qing dynasty science writers Category:Medical doctors from Jiangsu Category:17th-century Chinese medical doctors