{{Short description|Syrian rebel alliance}} {{distinguish|Army of Revolutionaries}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2025}} {{infobox war faction | name = Army of the Revolution | native_name = {{langx|ar|جيش الثورة}}<br>''Jaysh al-Thawra'' | native_name_lang = ar | war = the Syrian Civil War | image = Flag of Syria (2025-).svg | caption = The flag has three stripes. It is green, white, and black with three red stars in the center. | active = 4 December 2016 – 31 July 2018 | ideology = | leaders = *Ahmed Ibrahim al-Qasim ({{small|overall commander since December 2017, Mu'tazz Billah Army commander}}) <ref name="wordpress.com">{{cite web|url=https://syrianwardaily.wordpress.com/2017/12/03/syrian-war-daily-3rd-of-december-2017/|title=Syrian War Daily – 3rd of December 2017|date=3 December 2017|publisher=}}</ref> *Suleiman al-Sharif (Abu Kanan) ({{small|overall commander until December 2017}}) <ref name="wordpress.com"/> *Capt. Iyad Qadr<ref name=sro>{{cite tweet |user= Syria_Rebel_Obs|number= 805461855170871296|date= 5 December 2016|title= INFOGRAPHIC EXCLUSIVE - Creation of the most powerful FSA - Southern Front faction : Jaysh al-Thawra}}</ref> ({{small|former overall commander and Muhajireen and Ansar Brigade commander}}) *Lt. Col. Mohammed Hassan Salama ({{small|Dawn of Islam Division commander}})<ref name=moderate>{{cite web|url=https://hasanmustafas.wordpress.com/2015/05/08/the-moderate-rebels-a-complete-and-growing-list-of-vetted-groups-fielding-tow-missiles/|title=THE MODERATE REBELS: A GROWING LIST OF VETTED GROUPS FIELDING BGM-71 TOW ANTI-TANK GUIDED MISSILES|work=Hasan Mustafas|date=5 August 2015}}</ref> *Capt. Bara Nabulsi<ref name=mb>{{cite web|url=http://www.all4syria.info/Archive/441194|title=The appointment of a new commander of the army (Mu'taz Billah)|work=All4Syria|date=11 September 2017}}</ref> ({{small|Mu'tazz Billah Army commander, since September 2017}}) *Omar Sharif<ref name=sro/> ({{small|infantry commander}}) *Abu Ali Mustafa<ref name=sro/> ({{small|anti-armour unit commander}}) *Firas Abu Hamza<ref name=sro/> ({{small|artillery unit commander}}) *Abu Bakr al-Hasan<ref name=sro/> ({{small|official spokesman}}) *Col. Khalid Nabulsi<ref name=mb/> ({{small|Mu'tazz Billah Army commander, until September 2017}}) *Abdullah al-Sharif{{KIA}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.all4syria.info/Archive/419313|title=(Army of the Revolution) battalion commander mourns engineering in the countryside of the eastern shield|work=All4Syria|date=17 June 2017}}</ref> ({{small|engineering battalion commander}}) *Shaher al-Zubani{{KIA}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aletihadpress.com/2017/05/06/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84-%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B2-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%B1/|title=The killing of a military commander in the army of Mu'taz Billah|work=Al Etihad Press|date=6 May 2017|access-date=12 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302213256/http://aletihadpress.com/2017/05/06/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84-%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B2-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%B1/|archive-date=2 March 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> ({{small|Martyr Walid Qaisi Brigade commander}}) *Maher al-Masri (Abu Hudhayfah al-Shami){{KIA}}<ref>{{cite web|author=~ Joško Barić |url=https://syrianwardaily.wordpress.com/2017/12/13/syrian-war-daily-13th-of-december/ |title=Syrian War Daily – 13th of December 2017 | Syrian War Daily |publisher=Syrianwardaily.wordpress.com |date=13 December 2017 |accessdate=1 June 2020}}</ref> ({{small|Yarmouk Army commander}}) | clans = | headquarters = | area = *Daraa Governorate *Quneitra Governorate | size = 7,500+ fighters<ref name=sro/> | partof = {{flagicon|Syrian opposition}} Free Syrian Army *{{flagicon image|Logo of the Southern Front.png|border=no}} Southern Front | predecessor = | successor = | allies = *Alliance of Southern Forces | split = | opponents = *{{flag|Islamic State}} *{{flagicon image|Flag of the Syrian Arab Armed Forces (1980–2024).svg}} Syrian Arab Armed Forces | battles = Syrian Civil War *Daraa Governorate campaign **Daraa offensive (February 2017) **Daraa offensive (June 2017) **Daraa offensive (June 2018) | url = https://twitter.com/althawraarmy?lang=en }}
The '''Army of the Revolution''' ({{langx|ar|جيش الثورة}}; ''Jaysh al-Thawrā'') was a Syrian rebel alliance affiliated with the Southern Front of the Free Syrian Army. It was composed of five FSA factions which mainly operated in the Daraa Governorate in southwestern Syria. One of its commanders stated that the group is a "temporary operations room" due to the separation between western and eastern Daraa, and that the "door is open" for other groups to join the alliance.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.enabbaladi.net/archives/117387|title=Four factions constitute a "revolution army alliance" in the countryside of Daraa|work=Enab Baladi|date=4 December 2016}}</ref>
==Member groups== *Yarmouk Army **United Sham Front *Mu'tazz Billah Army **Martyr Walid Qaisi Brigade *Muhajireen and Ansar Brigade *Hasan ibn Ali Brigade *Dawn of Islam Division *Firqat Ahrar Nawa<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b87t1Ir8l4c |title=YouTube |publisher=YouTube |date= |accessdate=1 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/syriancivilwar/comments/8cc34m/a_number_of_rebel_groups_in_nawa_merge_to_form/dxdrmgz/?sh=aef7f38d&st=JG0JF5KA |title=A number of rebel groups in Nawa merge to form the Free Nawa Forces, part of the Army of the Revolution, Southern Front : syriancivilwar |publisher=Reddit.com |date=6 May 2013 |accessdate=1 June 2020}}</ref> **Free Nawa Brigade **Bani Umayya Brigade **Farouq Brigade **Omar Mukhtar Brigade **Southern Company **Gaza Houran Brigade **Clear Victory Brigade **Muhammad the Conqueror Brigade **Soldiers of Islam Brigade **Martyr Ahmad al-Awad Brigade **Omar ibn al-Khattab Brigade **Lions of the South Brigade **Technical Battalion
===Yarmouk Army=== {{distinguish|Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade}} The '''Yarmouk Army''' ({{langx|ar|جيش اليرموك}}; transliteration: ''Jaysh al-Yarmouk''), originally known as the ''Yarmouk Brigade'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=57585|archive-url=https://archive.today/20141223140941/http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=57585|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 December 2014|title=Is the Islamic State Establishing Itself in Qalamoun?|work=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|accessdate=26 April 2015|date=22 December 2014}}</ref> is a prominent FSA rebel group operating in the Quneitra and Daraa governorates.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2015/Apr-01/293048-syrian-rebels-seize-jordan-crossing-from-govt-control-rebel-security-source.ashx|title=Syrian rebels seize Jordan crossing from govt control: rebel, security source|agency=Reuters|accessdate=2 April 2015|date=1 April 2015|archive-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220150159/http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2015/Apr-01/293048-syrian-rebels-seize-jordan-crossing-from-govt-control-rebel-security-source.ashx|url-status=dead}}</ref> The group is one of the units that has received BGM-71 TOW missiles.<ref name=moderate/> It joined the Southern Front on 14 February 2014<ref>{{cite web|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=55054|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322085357/http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=55054|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 March 2014|title=Does the "Southern Front" Exist?|author=Aron Lund|work=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|accessdate=2 December 2014|date=21 March 2014}}</ref> and the Hawks of the South coalition on 27 December 2014.<ref name="coalition">{{cite web|url=http://alasema.com/detail.aspx?id=6224#axzz3OByWpkaT|title=العقيد "الدهني" تشكيل تحالف "صقور الجنوب" خطوة نحو توحيد فصائل حوران|access-date=5 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925060916/http://alasema.com/detail.aspx?id=6224#axzz3OByWpkaT|archive-date=25 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The Yarmouk Army was described by Reuters in 2014 as "one of the strongest groups in the south."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2014/11/13/us-mideast-crisis-syria-rebels-idUSKCN0IX11I20141113/|title=Syria rebels in south emerge as West's last hope as moderates crushed elsewhere|work=Reuters|accessdate=3 September 2025|date=13 November 2014|author=Tom Perry}}</ref>
The group participated in the Battle of Nasib Border Crossing in April 2015, where the Syrian rebels took control of it.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/syrian-rebels-seize-jordan-crossing-government-control-rebel-201749670.html |title=Syrian rebels seize Jordan crossing from government: rebel, security source|date=1 April 2015 |work=Reuters |access-date=3 September 2025|publisher=Yahoo News}}</ref>
The group took part in the Daraa and As-Suwayda offensive (June 2015).<ref name="lat21june">{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/world/middleeast/la-fg-syria-south-20150621-story.html|title=Syrian military and Druze allies join forces to fend off ‘terrorists’|publisher=Los Angeles Times|author1=Patrick McDonnell|author2=Nabih Bulos|date=21 June 2015|access-date=3 September 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150622001500/https://www.latimes.com/world/middleeast/la-fg-syria-south-20150621-story.html#page=1|archive-date=22 June 2015}}</ref>
In January 2016, the United Sham Front joined the group.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://rfsmediaoffice.com/2016/01/24/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%85/#.WGBq_vl97IW|title=The integration of the unified front with Sham Yarmouk Army|work=RFS Media Office|date=24 January 2016|access-date=26 December 2016|archive-date=26 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226145956/https://rfsmediaoffice.com/2016/01/24/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%85/#.WGBq_vl97IW|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The group clashed with the Youth of Sunna Forces in June 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.enabbaladi.net/155422/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8B%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7/|title=مواجهات بين فصائل درعا تزامنًا مع اقتراب معركة المدينة|date=12 June 2017|website=Enab Baladi|lang=ar|access-date=3 September 2025}}</ref>
===Mu'tazz Billah Army=== {{distinguish|al-Mu'tasim Brigade}} The '''Mu'tazz Billah Army''' ({{langx|ar|جيش المعتز بالله}}; transliteration: Jaysh al-Mu'tazz Billah), formerly called the '''Mu'tazz Billah Brigade''' ({{langx|ar|لواء المعتز بالله}}; transliteration: ''Liwa al-Mu'tazz Billah''), named after al-Mu'tazz, is a FSA group active in Daraa. It also received TOW missiles from the Military Operations Center based in Jordan. The group has clashed with the Islamic Muthanna Movement. It was also previously part of the Daraa Military Council.<ref name=moderate/>
On 11 September 2017, Captain Bara Nabulsi was appointed as the general commander of the Mu'tazz Billah Army, replacing Colonel Khalid Nabulsi. Col. Nabulsi was previously the commander of the Southern Front's joint command operations room in 2014.<ref name=mb/>
===Muhajireen and Ansar Brigade=== {{distinguish|text = the jihadist group Liwa al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar}} The '''Emigrants and Helpers Brigade''' ({{langx|ar|لواء المهاجرون والأنصار}}; transliteration: ''Liwa al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar'') was one of the earliest FSA groups formed in the Daraa Governorate. The group is affiliated with the Supreme Military Council and has received TOW and HJ-8 anti-tank missiles. It is one of the members of the Daraa Military Council. The group is led by Captain Iyad Khaddour and Khalid Fathallah, the former of which became the overall commander of the Army of the Revolution.<ref name=moderate/>
===Hasan ibn Ali Brigade=== {{Expand section|date=June 2017}}
===Dawn of Islam Division=== The '''Dawn of Islam Division''' ({{langx|ar|فرقة فجر الإسلام}}; transliteration: ''Firqat Fajr al-Islam'') is a Syrian rebel group operating in the Uthman and Tafas districts of Daraa city as well as in Busra al-Harir in the north-east of Daraa Governorate. Formed in February 2013, the group is led by Lieutenant Colonel Mohammed Hassan Salama.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/documents/Free-Syrian-Army-Daraa.pdf|title=A MODERN HISTORY OF THE FREE SYRIAN ARMY IN DARAA|work=Foreign Military Studies Office|accessdate=2 January 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222141708/http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/documents/Free-Syrian-Army-Daraa.pdf|archivedate=22 December 2014}}</ref> It is a merger between the Dawn of Islam Brigade and a number of smaller rebel groups. The group also received BGM-71 TOW anti-tank missiles.<ref name=moderate/> On 13 April 2015, the Dawn of Islam Division joined a number of other Southern Front groups in renouncing all ties with the al-Nusra Front.{{cn|date=January 2023}} On 3 June 2017, it joined the Army of the Revolution.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.all4syria.info/Archive/415935|title=Band (the dawn of Islam) to join the Alliance (Army of the Revolution)|work=All4Syria|date=3 June 2017}}</ref>
== History == Following the surrender and integration of some former rebels into government-allied structures (like the Russian-formed 5th Legion or Military Security Branch), former commanders of the Army of the Revolution were targets of assassination attempts and killings by unknown persons in the volatile post-reconciliation Daraa environment. Commander Mahmoud al-Bardan was the target of an assassination attempt in February 2019, and former member Yousef Mohammad al-Hashish was shot and killed in December<ref>{{Cite web |last=wael.m |date=2019-02-25 |title=Controlled by the Syrian Army, Daraa is a Scene to Rampant Insecurity and Mass Assassinations |url=https://stj-sy.org/en/1194/ |access-date=2025-12-13 |website=Syrians for Truth and Justice |language=en-US}}</ref>
==References== {{reflist}}
{{Syrian Civil War}}
Category:Anti-Assad factions of the Syrian civil war Category:Anti–Islamic State factions in Syria Category:Free Syrian Army