{{Short description|Species of fish}} {{Speciesbox | image = Xenocys jessiae.jpg | image_caption = | status = VU | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref name="iucn">{{cite iucn |author=Bensted-Smith, W. |author2=Brandt, M. |author3=Domínguez, O. |author4=Espinoza, E. |author5=Grove, J.S. |author6=Keith, I. |author7=Rivera, F.E. |author8=Suárez, J. |author9=Tapia, I. |author10=Tirado-Sánchez, N. |year=2023 |title=''Brachygenys jessiae'' |volume=2023 |article-number=e.T183395A217447046 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T183395A217447046.en |access-date=7 May 2025}}</ref> | genus = Brachygenys | species = jessiae | display_parents= 3 | authority = [[David Starr Jordan|D. S. Jordan]] & Bollman, 1890 | synonyms = ''Xenocys jessiae'' <small>D.S. Jordan & Bollman, 1890</small> | synonyms_ref = <ref name = CofF>{{Cof genus | genus = Brachygenys | access-date = 8 April 2021}}</ref> }}
'''''Brachygenys jessiae''''', the '''black-striped salema''', is a [[species]] of marine [[ray-finned fish]], a [[Grunt (fish)|grunt]] belonging to the family [[Haemulidae]]. It is [[endemism|endemic]] to the eastern Pacific Ocean.
==Description== ''Brachygenys jessiae'' has a relatively slender, elongated body, notably different from most related species.<ref name = Darwin>{{cite web | url = https://datazone.darwinfoundation.org/en/checklist/?species=24691 | title = ''Brachygenys jessiae'' (Jordan & Bollman, 1890) | access-date = 7 May 2025| work = Galapagos Species Checklist | publisher = Darwin Foundation}}</ref> The head is conical in shape and has large eyes and a short diagonal mouth with a protruding lower jaw. It has very small teeth which are set in bands on the flaws and the palate. The [[dorsal fin]] is not continuous, the anterior spiny portion is completely divided from the posterior soft- rayed part. The dorsal fin contains 10 spines in the anterior portion and a single spine and 13-14 soft rays. The anal fin has 3 small spines and 10-11 soft rays.<ref name = STRI>{{cite web | url = https://biogeodb.stri.si.edu/sftep/en/thefishes/species/1393 | title = Species: ''Brachygenys jessiae'', Black-striped salema | access-date = 7 May 2025 | work = Shorefishes of the Eastern Pacific online information system | publisher = Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute}}</ref> This species attains a maximum total length of {{cvt|30|cm}}.<ref name = Fishbase>{{FishBase|Xenocys|jessiae|month=December|year=2019}}</ref> The back is dark silvery-grey in colour, frequently showing yellowish green, yellowish blue or blue-green tints. The colour shades to paler silver on the flanks and to silvery-white on the underparts.<ref name = Darwin/> There are 7 black, horizontal stripes along the flanks.<ref name = STRI/>
==Distribution== ''Brachygenys jessiae'' is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean where it is [[Endemism|endemic]] to the waters around the [[Galápagos Islands]].<ref name="iucn" />
== Habitat and biology== ''Brachygenys jessiae'' is found at depths between {{cvt|0|and|20|m}}.<ref name="iucn" /> It forms dense schools in these shallow waters.<ref name = Darwin/> These spend the day along rock walls and over rocky slopes.<ref name = Fishbase/> They feed on [[plankton]] and small fishes.<ref name = STRI/> It is an [[oviparous]] species, [[Spawn (biology)|spawning]] in distinct pairs.<ref name = Fishbase/>
==Systematics== ''Brachygenys jessiae'' was first formally [[Species description|described]] in 1890 by the [[United States|American]] [[ichthyologists]] David Starr Jordan (1851–1931) and Charles Harvey Bollman (1868–1889) with the [[Type locality (biology)|type locality]] given as [[Isla Santa Maria]] in the Galápagos Islands of Ecuador.<ref name = CofF/> This species is placed in the [[monotypic genus]] ''[[Xenocys]]'' by some authorities. This was done when ''Haemulon'' was determined to be [[paraphyletic]] in molecular studies which showed ''[[Haemulon chrysargyreum]]'', the type species of Felipe Poey's ''Brachygenys'', clustered with ''[[Xenistius californianus]]''. The genus was therefore revived to include also includes the other species in ''[[Xenistius]]'' and this species.<ref name = BMC>{{cite journal | author1 = José Julián Tavera | author2 = P. Arturo Acero | author3 = Eduardo F Balart | author4 = Giacomo Bernardi | year = 2012 | title = Molecular phylogeny of grunts (Teleostei, Haemulidae), with an emphasis on the ecology, evolution, and speciation history of New World species | doi = 10.1186/1471-2148-12-57 | journal = BMC Evolutionary Biology | volume =12 | issue = 57| page = 57 | pmc = 3472276 | pmid = 22537107 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name = Parenti>{{cite journal | author = Paolo Parenti | year = 2019 | title = An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Haemulidae (Teleostei: Perciformes) | url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332223321 | journal = Iranian Journal of Ichthyology | volume = 6 | issue = 3 | pages = 150–196}}</ref> This change has been accepted by Catalog of Fishes<ref name = CofF2>{{Cof family | family = Haemulinae | access-date = 9 April 2021}}</ref> but not by Fishbase.<ref name = Fishbase2>{{FishBase family | family = Haemuidae| month = December | year = 2019}}</ref> The [[Specific name (zoology)|specific name]] honours Jordan's second wife Jessie Knight Jordan (1866–1952).<ref name = ETYFish>{{cite web | url = https://etyfish.org/acanthuriformes4/ | title = Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 4): Families HAEMULIDAE and LUTJANIDAE | work = The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database | editor1 = Christopher Scharpf | editor2 = Kenneth J. Lazara | date = 26 January 2025 | access-date = 7 May 2025 | publisher = Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara}}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== * {{sealifephotos|283184}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q603452}}
[[Category:Haemulinae]] [[Category:Brachygenys|jessiae]] [[Category:Fish described in 1890]] [[Category:Taxa named by David Starr Jordan]] [[Category:Taxa named by Charles Harvey Bollman]]