{{Short description|Genus of algae}} {{Distinguish|Wrangellia}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Wrangelia penicillata.JPG | image_caption = ''Wrangelia penicillata'' | taxon = Wrangelia | authority = C. Agardh, 1867 | type_species = ''Wrangelia penicillata'' | type_species_authority = J.Agardh, 1842 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text | synonyms = ''Bracebridgea'' {{Au|J.Agardh, 1894}} unaccepted<br /> ''Haliacantha'' {{Au|J.Agardh, 1899}} }}
'''''Wrangelia''''' is a genus of red algae in the family Wrangeliaceae.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gordon |first1=Elizabeth M |title=Comparative Morphology and Taxonomy of the Wrangelieae, Sphondylothamnieae, and Spermothamnieae (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta) |journal=Australian Journal of Botany |date=1972 |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=1–180}}</ref><ref>Dr W.H. Harvey {{google books|inw4AQAAMAAJ|The Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, Volume 22, (1855)|page=545}}</ref>
The genus was circumscribed by Carl Adolf Agardh in his book ''Species algarum rite cognitae, cum synonymis, differentiis specificis et descriptionibus succinctis''. Voluminis secundi. Sectio prior. pp. [i]-lxxvi, [i]-189. in 1828.
The genus name of ''Wrangelia'' is in honour of Fredrik Anton von Wrangel (1786–1842),<ref>{{cite web |title=Wrangel, Fredrik Anton {{!}} International Plant Names Index |url=https://www.ipni.org/a/31832-1 |website=www.ipni.org |access-date=5 December 2022}}</ref> who was a Danish-Swedish Chamberlain, and also a botanist and alga specialist.<ref>{{cite book | last=Burkhardt | first=Lotte | title=Eine Enzyklopädie zu eponymischen Pflanzennamen |trans-title=Encyclopedia of eponymic plant names | publisher=Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin | year=2022 | isbn=978-3-946292-41-8 | url=https://doi.org/10.3372/epolist2022|format=pdf |language=German |location=Berlin | doi=10.3372/epolist2022 |access-date=January 27, 2022}}</ref>
The type species, ''Wrangelia penicillata'' is also commonly called ''Pink bush alga''. They form bushy plants, growing up to {{convert|20|cm|0|abbr=on}} in height. They have small branches which travel outwards alternately from either side of the main branches in a single plane. They are light pink purple in colour. The species grows in shallow waters to moderate depths, while attached to nearly any hard substrate<ref name=caribbean>{{cite web |last1=Kluijver |first1=M. De |last2=Gijswijt |first2=G. |last3=de Leon |first3=R. |last4=da Cunda |first4=I. |title=Pink bush alga - ''Wrangelia penicillata'' |url=http://species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=caribbean_diving_guide&id=485 |website=species-identification.org |publisher=Marine Species Identification Portal |access-date=5 December 2022}}</ref> Generally, the species has 5 whorl branchlets per segment and a cortex that partially or wholly covers their axes.<ref name="Bucher"/>
==Distribution== The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.<ref>{{cite web |title=''Wrangelia'' C.Agardh, 1828 |url=https://www.gbif.org/species/2657810 |website=www.gbif.org |access-date=5 December 2022 |language=en}}</ref> Such as ''Wrangelia penicillata'' can be found off the coast of Florida, the Bahamas and the Caribbean.<ref name=caribbean/> As well as near Mauritius.<ref>Paul C. Silva, Philip W. Basson and Richard L. Moe {{google books|vtBdDwAAQBAJ|Catalogue of the Benthic Marine Algae of the Indian Ocean (1996)|page=432}}</ref> It has also been found in the Mediterranean (off the coasts of Spain, France, Corsica, Italy, Sicily, Greece, Turkey, Israel and Libya) as well as in the Adriatic Sea.<ref name=Norris>James N. Norris {{google books|wsJxHyduyAEC|Articulated Coralline Algae of the Gulf of California, Mexico, Issues 9-11 (1981)|page=46}}</ref> While ''Wrangelia gordoniae'' is found in the tropical western Atlantic Ocean.<ref name="Bucher">{{cite journal |last1=Bucher |first1=Katina E |last2=Ballantine |first2=David L. |last3=Lozada |first3=Chad |last4=Norris |first4=James N |title=Wrangelia gordoniae, a new species of Rhodophyta (Ceramiales, Wrangeliaceae) from the tropical western Atlantic |journal=Botanica Marina |date=July 2014 |volume=4 |pages=1–16 |doi=10.1515/bot-2014-0012}}</ref> 5 species of ''Wrangelia'' are found near Australia.<ref>{{cite web |title=''Wrangelia'', State Herbarium of South Australia |url=http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/efsa/Marine_Benthic_Flora_SA/Part_IIIC/Wrangelia.shtml |website=www.flora.sa.gov.au |access-date=5 December 2022}}</ref> Species of ''Wrangelia'' are also found near Puerto Rico,<ref name="Bucher"/> and Brazil.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Joly |first1=Aylthon B. |last2=Cordeiro |first2=Marilza |title=ADDITIONS TO THE MARINE FLORA OF BRAZIL II |journal=Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo. Botânica |date=1962 |volume=18 |pages=223–228}}</ref>
They can often be found growing on limestone (rock or soils) or be epiphytic on seagrass and seaweeds.<ref>{{cite web |title=Phycokey - ''Wrangelia'' |url=http://cfb.unh.edu/phycokey/Choices/Rhodophyceae/Macroreds/WRANGELIA/Wrangelia_key.htm |website=cfb.unh.edu |access-date=5 December 2022}}</ref><ref name=Norris/>
== Species == As accepted by WoRMS;<ref name="WoRMS">{{cite web |title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - ''Wrangelia'' C.Agardh, 1828 |url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=143869 |website=www.marinespecies.org |access-date=5 December 2022}}</ref> {{div col}} * ''Wrangelia abietina'' {{Au|Harvey, 1855}} * ''Wrangelia anastomosans'' {{Au|Yamada, 1941}}<ref>Eniwetok Marine Biological Laboratory {{google books|SRAkAQAAIAAJ|Eniwetok Marine Biological Laboratory Contributions, 1955-1974, Volume 1 (1976)|page=454}}</ref> * ''Wrangelia argus'' {{Au|(Montagne) Montagne, 1856}} * ''Wrangelia australis'' {{Au|(J.Agardh) E.M.Gordon, 1972}} * ''Wrangelia balakrishnanii'' {{Au|B.Subramanian, 1985}} * ''Wrangelia bicuspidata'' {{Au|Børgesen, 1916}} * ''Wrangelia confluens'' {{Au|J.Agardh}} * ''Wrangelia dumontii'' {{Au|(E.Y.Dawson) I.A.Abbott, 1979}} * ''Wrangelia elegantissima'' {{Au|R.E.Norris, 1994}} * ''Wrangelia galeae'' {{Au|Sonder, 1881}} * ''Wrangelia globifera'' {{Au|Meneghini}} * ''Wrangelia gordoniae'' {{Au|K.E.Bucher, D.L.Ballantine, C.Lozada-Troche & J.N.Norris, 2014}}<ref name="Bucher"/> * ''Wrangelia hainanensis'' {{Au|C.K.Tseng, 1942}} * ''Wrangelia incurva'' {{Au|J.Agardh}} * ''Wrangelia nigrescens'' {{Au|Meneghini}} * ''Wrangelia nobilis'' {{Au|J.D.Hooker & Harvey, 1847}} * ''Wrangelia penicillata'' {{Au|(C.Agardh) C.Agardh, 1828}} * ''Wrangelia penicillta'' * ''Wrangelia plebeja'' {{Au|J.Agardh, 1852}} * ''Wrangelia plumosa'' {{Au|Harvey, 1844}} * ''Wrangelia purpurifera'' {{Au|J.Agardh, 1863}} * ''Wrangelia sceptrifera'' {{Au|J.Agardh, 1894}} * ''Wrangelia sporigera'' {{Au|Meneghini}} * ''Wrangelia sundaralingamii'' {{Au|B.Subramanian, 1985}} * ''Wrangelia tagoi'' {{Au|(Okamura) Okamura & Segawa, 1936}} * ''Wrangelia tanegana'' {{Au|Harvey, 1860}} * ''Wrangelia tenuis'' {{Au|Noda, 1964}} * ''Wrangelia variabilis'' {{Au|Derb. & Sol.}} * ''Wrangelia velutina'' {{Au|(Sonder) Harvey, 1855}} * ''Wrangelia verticillata'' {{Au|Kützing, 1847}} {{div col end}}
== References == {{Reflist}}
==Other sources== * Dawes, C.J. and A.C. Mathieson (2008). Seaweeds of Florida. University Press of Florida (592 pp). * Gray, Samuel Octavius, British Sea-Weeds: An Introduction to the Study of the Marine Algae of Great Britain, Ireland, and the Channel Islands, 1867 * Schneider, C. W. (2003). An annotated checklist and bibliography of the marine macroalgae of the Bermuda Islands. Nova Hedwigia, 76(3-4): 275-361 * Silva, P. C.; Basson, P. W.; Moe, R. L. (1996). Catalogue of the benthic marine algae of the Indian Ocean. University of California Publications in Botany. 79: 1-1259
==External links== * [https://www.gbif.org/species/2657810 ''Wrangelia'' images and occurrence data] from GBIF * {{Wikispecies-inline}} * {{Commons category-inline}} * [https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=33306 ''Wrangelia''] at AlgaeBase
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Category:Red algae genera Category:Ceramiales