Witold Maliszewski

{{Short description|Polish composer (1873–1939)}} upright|thumb|240px|Witold Maliszewski before 1927, Warsaw '''Witold Maliszewski''' ({{langx|ru|Витольд Осипович Малишевский}}, {{langx|uk|Вітольд Йосифович Малішевський}}; 20 July 1873 – 18 July 1939)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Witold Maliszewski 1873–1939 |url=https://pwm.com.pl/en/kompozytorzy_i_autorzy/359/witold-maliszewski/index.html |website=pwm.com.pl |publisher=PWM |accessdate=20 July 2019}}</ref> was a Polish composer, founder of Odessa Conservatory, and a professor of Warsaw Conservatory.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nelson |first=John |title=The significance of Rimsky-Korsakov in the development of a Russian national identity |date=2013 |publisher=University of Helsinki |pages=10–11}}</ref><ref name="Campbell">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/russiansonrussia00camp |title=Russians on Russian Music, 1880–1917: An Anthology |date=2003 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-59097-6 |editor-last=Campbell |editor-first=Stuart |page=[https://archive.org/details/russiansonrussia00camp/page/n264 247] |url-access=limited}}</ref>

== Biography == Maliszewski was born in Mohyliv-Podilskyi, Russian Empire (now Ukraine). He graduated from Saint Petersburg Conservatory, in the class of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov.<ref>Some sources suggest that Witold Maliszewski also studied with Alexander Glazunov</ref> He was a member of Belyayev circle. In 1913 he became a founder and the first director of the Odessa Conservatory, which gave the world a number of outstanding musicians, such as David Oistrakh, Emil Gilels and Yakov Zak.

After the Russian revolution, because of the imminent threat of Bolshevik persecution, Maliszewski immigrated to Poland in 1921. In 1925–1927 he was teaching at the Chopin Music School and was the Director of the Warsaw Music Society. In 1927 he served as Chairman of the First International Frederic Chopin Piano Competition. From 1931 to 1934 Maliszewski was the Director of the Music Department at the Polish Ministry of Education. From 1931 to 1939 he was a professor at the Warsaw Conservatory. He died in Zalesie near Warsaw.

Maliszewski's early symphonic and other works were largely shaped by the St. Petersburg composition school which produced a number of outstanding composers. His symphonies (I-III) belong to the non-programmatic (Glazunov's) type. The Fourth symphony in D Major op. 21 composed in Warsaw reflects new style in his creative output and contains elements of Polish dances.<ref name="Campbell" /><ref name="Boleslawska">{{Cite book |last=Boleslawska-Lewandowska |first=Beata |title=Symphony and symphonic thinking in Polish music after 1956 |date=2019 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1409464709 |pages=51–52}}</ref>

In the Soviet Union, Maliszewski’s name prohibited, and in 1950 — while Joseph Stalin was still alive — the conservatory he had founded in Odessa was renamed after Antonina Nezhdanova, who had no links with the institution.<ref>[http://gazeta.zn.ua/SOCIETY/yubiley_odesskoy_konservatorii_v_semeynom_razreze_izvestnoe_muzykalnoe_zavedenie_otmetilo_svoe_90-le.html Anniversary of the Odessa Conservatory in the family dimension.]</ref>

His students included Witold Lutosławski, Mykola Vilinsky, Shimon Shteynberg, Boleslaw Woytowicz, Feliks Roderyk Łabuński, and Feliks Rybicki.

==Selected works== ;Stage * ''Syrena'' (The Mermaid), Opera-Ballet in 4 acts, Op. 24; libretto by Ludomir Michał Rogowski (1927) * ''Boruta'', Ballet (1929)

;Orchestral * Symphony No. 1 in G minor, Op. 8 (1902) * ''Joyful Overture'' (Ouverture joyeuse; Fröhliche Ouverture) in D major, Op. 11 (1910) * Symphony No. 2 in A major, Op. 12 (1912) * Symphony No. 3 in C minor, Op. 14 (1907?) * Symphony No. 4 in D major, Op. 21, ''Odrodzonej i odnalezionej ojczyźnie'' (To the newborn and recovered homeland) (1925)<ref name="Boleslawska" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Polskie Wydawnictwo Muzyczne SA Page, Symphony No.4 |url=http://www.pwm.com.pl/szczegoly.php?&Symfonia_D-dur&grupa_p=3&przedm=127487&change_lang=1&change_skin=103374 |accessdate=June 24, 2012 |archive-date=May 14, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514150522/http://www.pwm.com.pl/szczegoly.php?&Symfonia_D-dur&grupa_p=3&przedm=127487&change_lang=1&change_skin=103374 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

;Concertante * ''Fantazja kujawska'' (Kuyavian Fantasy) for piano and orchestra (1928)<ref>{{Cite web |title=RMF Classic |url=http://www.rmfclassic.pl/muzyka/encyklopediab,maliszewski-witold,2245.html |accessdate=August 18, 2011 |archive-date=March 29, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329071029/http://www.rmfclassic.pl/muzyka/encyklopediab,maliszewski-witold,2245.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Concerto in B{{music|flat}} minor for piano and orchestra, Op. 29 (1938)

;Chamber music * Sonata for violin and piano, Op. 1 (1900) * String Quartet No. 1 in F major, Op. 2 (1902) * Quintet in D minor for 2 violins, viola and 2 cellos, Op. 3 (1904) * String Quartet No. 2 in C major, Op. 6 (1905) * String Quartet No. 3 in E{{music|flat}} major, Op. 15 (1914) * Quatre morceaux for violin & piano, Op. 20 (1923)

;Piano * Six Piano Pieces, Op. 4 (1904) * ''Prélude et fugue fantastiques'' in B{{music|flat}} minor, Op. 16 (1913)

;Choral * ''Requiem'' (1930) * ''Missa Pontificalis'' (1930)

== Discographie ==

=== Archive recordings === *1952 : Fantazja kujawska (Wladyslaw Kedra, Polish Radio Orchestra of Bydgoszcz, cond. Arnold Rezler) *1959 : Piano Concerto (Jakub Kalecki, Jerzy Gert) *Piano Concerto (Andrzej Stefański, Polish Radio National SO)

=== Commercial recordings === *2014 : Works for Violin and Piano: Violin Sonata & 4 Pieces (Joanna Ławrynowicz, Anna Orlik, Józef Kolinek) – Acte Préalable AP0285 [http://www.acteprealable.com/albums/ap0285.html] *2014 : Chamber Music vol. 1: String Quartet No. 2; String Quintet (Four Strings Quartet; Wojciech Fudala) – Acte Préalable AP0327 [http://www.acteprealable.com/albums/ap0327.html] *2015 : Complete Works for Piano (Joanna Ławrynowicz) – Acte Préalable AP0320 [http://www.acteprealable.com/albums/ap0320.html] *2016 : Symphony No. 3 & Piano Concerto (Peter Donohoe, RSNO, Martin Yates) – Dutton CDLX7325 [https://www.duttonvocalion.co.uk/proddetail.php?prod=CDLX7325] [http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2016/May/Maliszewski_sy3_CDLX7325.htm review] *2017 : Chamber Music vol. 2: String Quartets Nos. 1 & 3; Melodia (Four Strings Quartet, Artur Cimirro) – Acte Préalable AP0376 [http://www.acteprealable.com/albums/ap0376.html] *2020 : String Quartets Nos. 2 & 4 (Camerata Quartet) — PSCM 001 [https://www.discogs.com/release/16603053] *2021: Symphonic works: Symphonies Nos. 1—4 etc. (Orkiestra Filharmonii Opolskiej, {{ill|Przemysław Neumann|pl}}) [3 CDs] – DUX 1716–18 [http://en.dux.pl/maliszewski-symphonic-works-opole-philharmonic-orchestra-neumann-cd-1.html]

== References == * M. Gliński, Witold Maliszewski z okazji odznaczenia Państwową Nagrodą Muzyczną, „Muzyka” 1931, nr 2 * Wrocki E., W. Maliszewski, Warszawa, 1932. * J. Paja-Stach, Maliszewski Witold, w: Encyklopedia Muzyczna PWM, red. E. Dziębowska, Kraków 2000, t. 6, s. 56–57 (bibliografia) * Valentyna Nazarenko, Ukrainian page of Maestro Maliszewski. "Day" Newspaper, No. 143, August 15, 2009 (translated from Ukrainian) [http://www.day.kiev.ua/en/article/culture/ukrainian-page-maestro-maliszewski] * Nazarenko, V.I., Vilinsky, Yu. S., Volosatykh, O. Yu. Witold Maliszewski in the musical life of Ukraine and Poland. Chasopys of the Tchaikovsky National Academy of Music of Ukraine. - 2019. - № 2. P. 20-48.[http://chasopysnmau.com.ua/article/view/171462] * Renata Suchowiejko, Witold Maliszewski. [https://www.polskipetersburg.pl/hasla/maliszewski-witold] * Witold Maliszewski, Polish art and culture website [https://culture.pl/pl/tworca/witold-maliszewski] * Nazarenko, V., Vilinsky, Y., & Volosatykh, O. (2024). The Phenomenon of Witold Maliszewski: a View from the 21st Century. Ukraine. Europe. World. History and Names in Cultural and Artistic Reflections, (7), 15–56. [https://journals.uran.ua/ukraine-europe-world/article/view/331594]

== Notes ==

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== External links == * Witold Maliszewski [http://portalwiedzy.onet.pl/68013,,,,maliszewski_witold,haslo.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160527101328/http://portalwiedzy.onet.pl/68013,,,,maliszewski_witold,haslo.html |date=2016-05-27 }}{{unreliable source?|date=October 2019}} * {{IMSLP|id=Maliszewski, Witold}} * {{YouTube|BMMAZrf7HrE|Witold Maliszewski (1873–1939) : Joyful Overture (c. 1902)}} * {{YouTube|K6vtK9cMgp0|Witold Maliszewski – piano concerto Op.27}}{{dead link|date=October 2019}} * {{YouTube|GkD-dicmRP4|Maliszewski – Symphony No. 1 (1902)}} * {{YouTube|ztEofbnTXLE|Witold Maliszewski: Symphony No. 3 in C minor, Op. 14}} * [https://polona.pl/search/?query=Witold_Maliszewski&filters=creator:%22Maliszewski,_Witold_(1873--1939)%22,public:1,hasTextContent:0 Scores by Witold Maliszewski] in digital library Polona

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Maliszewski, Witold}} Category:1873 births Category:1939 deaths Category:20th-century Polish classical composers Category:20th-century Polish male composers Category:20th-century Polish musicians Category:20th-century Russian classical composers Category:20th-century Russian male musicians Category:Academic staff of the Chopin University of Music Category:Musicians from Vinnytsia Oblast Category:People from Mohyliv-Podilskyi Category:Polish male classical composers Category:Pupils of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov Category:Russian male classical composers Category:Saint Petersburg Conservatory alumni