{{About|the Polish town|the river|Vistula|other uses|Vistula (disambiguation)}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Wisła | image_skyline = Zameczek prezydenta RP (Zamek Górny) w Wiśle 2.JPG | image_caption = Presidential Castle in Wisła in August 2013 | image_shield = POL Wisła COA.svg | pushpin_map = Poland | pushpin_label_position = right | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{POL}} | subdivision_type1 = Voivodeship | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Silesian Voivodeship|name=Silesian}} | subdivision_type2 = County | subdivision_name2 = Cieszyn | subdivision_type3 = Gmina | subdivision_name3 = Wisła <small>(urban gmina)</small> | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Tomasz Bujok | established_title = First mentioned | established_date = 1615 | established_title2 = Town rights | established_date2 = 1962 | area_total_km2 = 110.26 | population_as_of = 2019-06-30<ref>{{cite web |title=Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June|url=https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/population/population/population-size-and-structure-and-vital-statistics-in-poland-by-territorial-division-in-2019-as-of-30th-june,3,26.html|website=stat.gov.pl|publisher=Statistics Poland|date=2019-10-15|access-date=2020-02-14}}</ref> | population_total = 11132 | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone = CET | utc_offset = +1 | timezone_DST = CEST | utc_offset_DST = +2 | coordinates = {{coord|49|39|17.69|N|18|51|34.23|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}} | elevation_m = 513 | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 43-460 | blank_name = Car plates | blank_info = SCI | website = {{URL|www.wisla.pl}} | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 10 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }} '''Wisła''' ({{IPA|pl|ˈviswa|lang|Wisla.ogg}}; {{langx|cs|Visla}}; {{langx|szl|Wistula}}; {{langx|de|Weichsel}} {{IPA|de|ˈvaɪksl̩||De-Weichsel.ogg}}) is a town in Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland,{{TERYT}} with a population of about 11,132 (2019), near the border with the Czech Republic. It is situated in the Silesian Beskids mountain range in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia and ethnic region of the Silesian Gorals. ''Wisła'' is the Polish name for the Vistula River, which has its source in the mountains near the town.
It is the only town in Poland with a majority Lutheran population (as of 2006 roughly two-thirds of the population were Protestant,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kiereś |first1=Malgorzata |last2=Cienciala |first2=Zbigniew |last3 = Spyra| first3 = Janusz | title = Monografia Wisły. 3 Kościoły i wspólnoty religijne Wisły | publisher = Galeria „Na Gojach" | place = Wisła| date = 2008| pages = 255–256| isbn = 978-83-60551-12-7 |language=pl |oclc=643020117}}</ref> which is a drop from 94,4% in 1900<ref name="spis">{{cite book |title=Gemeindelexikon der im Reichsrate vertretenen Königreiche und Länder, bearbeitet auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Volkszählung vom 31. Dezember 1900, XI. Schlesien|url=http://wiki-commons.genealogy.net/images/8/89/Oesterreich-11.djvu?djvuopts&page=13|place=Wien|date=1906|language=de}}</ref>).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rumpel |first=Artur |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8PwzAQAAIAAJ |title=Religie w Polsce |date=2009 |publisher=Księży Młyn Dom Wydawniczy |isbn=978-83-61253-19-8 |location=Łódź |pages=88 |language=pl}}</ref>
Wisła is a popular year-round tourist destination, being home to Malinka, a ski jumping hill. It is also known for being the home town of ski jumper Adam Małysz. Wisła is also the home of the Beskid Museum displaying agricultural tools, folk costumes and goatskin bagpipes from the surrounding region.
==History== The first people to settle in Wisła in the late 16th or early 17th century came from two directions: from Ustroń up the river Vistula and Gorals searching for new pastures in the mountains (see also: Vlachs). It was first mentioned in 1615. Politically the village belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg monarchy. It was first recognized as a developed village of the Teschener Kammer, named ''na Wisłach'', in 1643.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kiereś |first1=Malgorzata |last2=Cienciala |first2=Zbigniew |last3 = Spyra| first3 = Janusz | title = Monografia Wisły. 2 Wisła: Dzieje beskidzkiej wsi do 1918 roku | publisher = Galeria „Na Gojach" | place = Wisła| date = 2007| pages = 29| isbn = 978-83-60551-04-2 |language=pl |oclc=259925233}}</ref>
The majority of its inhabitants were Lutherans. After issuing the Patent of Toleration in 1781, they subsequently organized a local Lutheran parish as one of over ten in the region.<ref>{{cite book | last = Michejda | first = Karol | chapter= Dzieje Kościoła ewangelickiego w Księstwie Cieszyńskim (od Reformacji do roku 1909) | title = Z historii Kościoła ewangelickiego na Śląsku Cieszyńskim | publisher = Dom Wydawniczy i Księgarski „Didache" | year = 1992 | location = Katowice | pages = 144 | language = pl |isbn = 83-85572-00-7}}</ref>
After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire, a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the political district of Bielsko and the legal district of Skoczów. In the second half of the 19th century it became increasingly popular as a tourist destination. thumb|left|Panorama of Wisła in 1939
According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 4261 in 1880 to 4685 in 1910 with a majority being native Polish-speakers (98.5%-99%) and a small minority German-speaking (at most 64 or 1.5% in 1880) and at most 4 people Czech-speaking (in 1910), in terms of religion majority were Protestants (94.9% in 1910), followed by Roman Catholics (232 or 5% in 1910) and 6 Jews.<ref>{{cite book | last = Piątkowski | first = Kazimierz | title = Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem | publisher = Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego | year = 1918 | location = Cieszyn | pages = 261, 279 | language = pl |url = http://obc.opole.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=1076}}</ref> The village was also traditionally inhabited by a specific subgroup of Silesian Gorals, speaking Cieszyn Silesian dialect.
After World War I, fall of Austria-Hungary, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, it became a part of Poland. According to the 1921 census, Wisła had a population of 4,225, 99.3% Polish and 0.5% German by ethnicity, and 93.2% Protestant, 5.6% Catholic and 0.1% Jewish by confession.<ref>{{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Skorowidz miejscowości Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Tom XII. Część II|year=1925|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=Główny Urząd Statystyczny|page=5}}</ref>
It was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Poland. It gained town rights in 1962.<ref>{{cite book|last=Krzysztofik|first=Robert|title=Lokacje miejskie na obszarze Polski. Dokumentacja geograficzno-historyczna|year=2007|location=Katowice|publisher=Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego|language=pl|pages=82–83|isbn=978-83-226-1616-1}}</ref>
==Tourism== In the winter Wisła is known for its skiing: Malinka, a ski jump hill, is located here and hosts international competitions. In the summer, hiking through its many mountain trails is popular. To support its recent growth in tourism, many hotels have been built, the largest of which is Hotel Gołębiewski.
In Wisła a trail starts that leads to the Stożek Wielki, a mountain on the border with the Czech Republic that reaches a height of 978 meters.
Interesting sights in Wisła are: * Wisła Castle – one of the official residences of the President of Poland, built in 1929–1930 by Adolf Szyszko-Bohusz * Lutheran Church – klassicist church from 1838 * Habsburg hunting lodge – originally built on the Przysłop Pass, transferred to Wisła in 1985 * {{ill|Galeria „Sportowe Trofea Adama Małysza” w Wiśle|pl}} – museum of Adam Małysz
==Notable residents== *Juliusz Bursche (1862–1942), Lutheran bishop *Adam Małysz (born 1977), ski jumper *Piotr Żyła (born 1987), ski jumper *Julian Ochorowicz (1850–1917), philosopher, psychologist, inventor *Jerzy Pilch (1952–2020), writer and columnist
==Twin towns – sister cities== {{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland}} Wisła is twinned with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Main Page: Partnerzy|url=https://www.wisla.pl/turysta|website=wisla.pl|publisher=Wisła|language=pl|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Partnerské mestá|url=http://www.turciansketeplice.sk/partnerske-mesta.phtml?id3=26544|website=turciansketeplice.sk|publisher=Turčianske Teplice|language=sk|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref> {{div col|colwidth=20em}} *{{flagicon|FRA}} Bully-les-Mines, France *{{flagicon|SRB}} Čoka, Serbia *{{flagicon|CZE}} Hukvaldy, Czech Republic *{{flagicon|CZE}} Nepomuk, Czech Republic *{{flagicon|GER}} Rheinhausen, Germany *{{flagicon|SVK}} Turčianske Teplice, Slovakia <!--rest - not twinning--> {{div col end}}
==Gallery== <gallery widths=150px> File:014 Stok narciarski Nowa Osada, Wisla, Polska.jpg|Nowa Osada skiing station File:Wisła 1102.jpg|Lutheran church of the Apostles Peter and Paul File:Plebania ewangelicka w Wiśle 2.JPG|Lutheran rectory File:Pałacyk Myśliwski Habsburgów w Wiśle 1.JPG|Former Habsburg Hunting Palace File:Wisla 028.jpg|Presidential Castle File:POL Wisła Hotel Gołębiewski i Wisła 2.JPG|Gołębiewski Hotel File:Crystal Mountain Hotel in Wisła, Poland, September 2021.jpg|Crystal Mountain Hotel </gallery>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== {{Commons category-inline|Wisła}} * [https://www.wisla.pl/ Wisła Town Website] * [https://www.wisla-malinka.com/en Skocznia Malinka Website]
{{Cieszyn County}} {{Cieszyn Silesia}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Cities and towns in Silesian Voivodeship Category:Cieszyn County Category:Silesian Beskids Category:Ski areas and resorts in Poland Category:Cieszyn Silesia