{{Short description|British army officer (1828–1913)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}} {{Infobox military person |honorific_prefix = Major-General |name=Sir William Bellairs |honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KCMG|CB}} |birth_date= {{Birth date|1828|08|28|df=yes}} |death_date={{death-date and age|24 July 1913|28 August 1828}} |birth_place= |death_place=Clevedon, Somerset |burial_place= |image= William Bellairs.png |caption= |nickname= |allegiance={{UK}} |service_years= |rank=Major-General |branch={{army|United Kingdom}} |commands= |unit= |battles=Crimean War<br>Xhosa Wars<br />First Boer War |awards=Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George<br>Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath |other_work= }} Major-General '''Sir William Bellairs''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KCMG|CB}} (28 August 1828 – 24 July 1913) was a British Army officer.
==Military career== Bellairs was born on 28 August 1828, the youngest son of Sir William Bellairs, of Mulbarton, Norfolk, who had served with the 15th Hussars, in the Peninsula and at Waterloo. He entered the 49th Regiment as ensign on 8 May 1846, becoming captain in 1854. He served throughout the Crimean War, being one of the comparatively few combat officers who remained at the front for the duration of the war, and took part in the battles of Alma and Inkerman, and the siege and fall of Sebastopol. He was present at the repulse of the Russian sortie of 26 October 1854, the attack on the Quarries on 7 June 1855, and the two attacks on the Redan on 18 June and 28 September. He particularly distinguished himself at the Battle of Inkerman, and displayed a readiness of resource and clearness of perception in emergencies which would have done credit to a man of greater experience of war; especially on one occasion, when, after going into action in command of a wing of his regiment, he charged with the bayonet and utterly routed a strong Russian battalion advancing upon guns in position close to his small command of 183 men. His name was submitted for a brevet-majority but passed over on the ground that he had been promoted to captain only a few weeks before. From December 1854, until the close of the campaign he served on the staff of the 2nd Division, and, his distinguished conduct having brought to notice in despatches, he was promoted brevet-major, received the Crimean medal with three clasps, was appointed a Knight of the Legion of Honour, and was awarded the 5th Class of Medjidieh, together with the Turkish medal.<ref name="Times obit">{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Obituary: Sir William Bellair |newspaper=The Times |location=London |date=25 July 1913 |url=http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Times/1913/Obituary/William_Bellairs |accessdate= 23 October 2014}}</ref>
He subsequently served at intervals in various staff appointments in the West Indies, in Ireland, in Canada, and at Gibraltar, in the course of which he was promoted Lieutenant-Colonel in December, 1865, and Colonel in August, 1873. In May, 1877, he proceeded to the Cape of Good Hope as D.A. and Q.M.G., and in that capacity served throughout the Xhosa War of 1877–78, commanding the combined forces on the eastern frontier of the Cape Colony from December, 1877, to March, 1878. Having been repeatedly mentioned in despatches, he was nominated a C.B. as the reward of his services.<ref name="Times obit" />
When in the following year, it was considered necessary to break the power of the Zulus, Colonel Bellairs was attached to the staffs first of Lord Chelmsford and then of Lord Wolseley, and commanded the laager for the protection of the column train during the engagement at Ulundi. He was repeatedly mentioned in despatches, was especially brought to the notice of the Secretary of State by Sir Bartle Frere, and was created a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG),<ref>{{London Gazette |issue= 25111 |date=24 May 1882 |page=2461 |supp=y }}</ref> also receiving a medal with clasp and being selected for a reward for distinguished service.<ref name="Times obit" />
He then served as military commander and civil administrator in the Colony of Natal. When affairs in the Transvaal assumed a threatening aspect in like capacity in the latter territory. In speaking of this phase in the career of Sir William Bellairs, it would be futile to revive the memory of strife and controversy, since events have brought about an adjustment which promises well for the future of the white races interested in the welfare of South Africa. Suffice it to recall the energy and resource displayed by Sir William Bellairs in making provision for the defence of the various garrisons in the Transvaal, and his own direction of affairs during the three months' Siege of Pretoria, for which he received the thanks of the Commander-in-Chief.<ref name="Times obit" />
He was promoted major-general in September 1884, and retired from the active list with the honorary rank of lieutenant-general in December 1887. He was appointed Colonel of the Sherwood Foresters (Derbyshire Regiment) on 19 July 1902,<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=27475|page=6021|date=19 September 1902}}</ref> and transferred to his old regiment, now the Royal Berkshire Regiment, on 9 June 1905.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27821|date=25 July 1905|page=5145}}</ref><ref name="Times obit" />
==Family== Bellairs died 24 July 1913 at Clevedon, Somerset and was survived by his wife, Blanche St. John Bellairs (''née'' Moschzisker) whom he married in 1867. He had previously been married to Emily Craven Gibbons (d. 1866). He was the father of five sons and two daughters, including Carlyon Bellairs<ref name="Times obit" />
Sir William is buried in St Mary Magdalen church Mulbarton, Norfolk.
==References== {{wikisource|works=or}} {{reflist}}
{{s-start}} {{s-mil}} {{succession box | before=Sir Mark Walker | title=Colonel of the Sherwood Foresters | years=1902–1905 | after=Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien}} {{succession box | before=Robert William Lowry | title=Colonel of the Royal Berkshire Regiment | years=1905–1913 | after=Edward Thompson Dickson}} {{s-end}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bellairs, William}} Category:1828 births Category:1913 deaths Category:British Army major generals Category:British Army personnel of the Crimean War Category:Burials in Norfolk Category:Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George Category:Companions of the Order of the Bath Category:Governors of Natal Category:Transvaal Colony people Category:People from Mulbarton, Norfolk Category:Military personnel from Norfolk Category:20th-century British Army personnel