Whatawhata
Township
CountryNew Zealand
RegionWaikato
DistrictWaikato District
Wards
  • Newcastle-Ngāruawāhia General Ward
  • Tai Runga Takiwaa Maaori Ward
Territorial AuthorityWaikato District Council
Regional councilWaikato Regional Council
Electorates
Elevation20 m
Area total0.93 km²
Time zoneNZST (UTC+12)
Time zone (DST)NZDT (UTC+13)
Coordinates37°48′S 175°09′E

Whatawhata, previously also spelt Whata Whata, is a small town in the Waikato region on the east bank of the Waipā River, at the junction of State Highways 23 and 39, 12 km (7.5 mi) from Hamilton. Te Araroa tramping route passes through Whatawhata.[1]

History and culture

Pre-European history

Whatawhata was a Ngāti Māhanga village[2] and there are still Te Papa-o-Rotu and Ōmaero maraes on the west bank of the river.[3] In early colonial times Whatawhata was one of many sites in Waikato with a flour mill.[4] It was built in 1855[5] and producing flour by the end of that year.[6] The area must have been suited to wheat, for there was another mill about 4 km (2.5 mi) downstream, at Karakariki, by 1860.[7]

European settlement

British troops arrived at Whatawhata over land and by river, as part of the Invasion of the Waikato, on 28 December 1863.[8] Whatawhata was described as having no end of peach trees, which the soldiers stripped of their fruit.[9] Within a year a telegraph line had been built.[10]

A 1915 guide described Whatawhata as, "six miles from Frankton Junction, along a good metalled road. Coaches run to and from Frankton Junction daily, the fares being 2/- single and 3/6 return. The principal industries are farming and dairying. There is one hotel in the township, also school, and post and telegraph office. Small steamers ply up and down the river from Huntly, the waters being navigable as far up as Pirongia. Whatawhata was in the early days an important Maori centre, having at one time a native population of over a thousand."[11]

Since then the post office has been replaced by a petrol station and dairy, the coach has become 4 per day and the river is rarely disturbed by any craft. Also the AgResearch hill-country research station at Whatawhata was started in 1949.[12]

Across the road from AgResearch, Campbell Coal Ltd developed a coal mine in 1920, was advertising for about 10 tons a day to be carried to Hamilton in 1921[13][14][15] and had it fully open by 1923.[16] It produced 9,272 tons in 1945 from a 10 ft (3.0 m) seam, employing 6 miners and 5 surface workers.[17] Hallyburton Johnstone said there was never a strike at the mine.[18] The coal was sub-bituminous with a fairly high calorific value, but was largely worked out by the 1970s,[19] when Hamilton gasworks closed.[20] 2.9m tons is estimated to be still recoverable.[21]

An 1880 guide said, "It is about ten miles distant from Hamilton, but a sum of money has been voted for making a direct road through a large swamp, which will bring the Hamilton station within six miles of the township. The road to Raglan crosses the, Waipā River here, and a bridge will shortly be built, when the ferry, which is now worked by natives, will be done away with. Heavy goods, such as timber, wire and manure, are brought up by the Waikato Steam Navigation Company's steamers. . . There is a convenient school in the township, where there is an average attendance of nearly forty children. The school-house and teacher's residence, erected a short time ago (1877) by the Board of Education, the settlers contributing largely towards them, are excellent buildings . . . two stores, a bakery, and comfortable hotel. Of this last Mr. G. T. M. Kellow is proprietor. He has good accommodation and stabling, and keeps excellent liquors . . . Mr,W. H. Bailey has a general store and bakery. . . convenient to the Raglan and Whatawhata bridge site. . . Mr. Day has a farm| of 1,000 acres . . . five acres in oats and the same in mangold . . . wheat thirty acres . . . a large dairy . . . pigs . . . trees are kahikatea and rimu, with a little mataī . . . Whatawhata racecourse . . . runs right round the township"[22]

A post office opened in 1868, burnt down in 1913 and was rebuilt in 1915.[23] Electricity came to Whatawhata in 1922.[24]

Marae

Whatawhata has two marae, affiliated with the Waikato Tainui hapū of Ngāti Māhanga and Ngāti Hourua:[25] Ōmaero Marae and its Te Awaitaia meeting house, and Te Papa o Rotu Marae / Te Oneparepare Marae and its Papa o Rotu meeting house.[26]

Demographics

Statistics New Zealand describes Whatawhata as a rural settlement, which covers 0.93 km2 (0.36 sq mi)[27] and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of /0.93 people per km2. Whatawhata settlement is part of the larger Whatawhata East statistical area.

Historical population of Whatawhata settlement
YearPop.±%
2006273—
2013273+0.0%
2018303+11.0%
2023294−3.0%

[28][29]

Whatawhata settlement had a population of 294 in the 2023 New Zealand census, a decrease of 9 people (−3.0%) since the 2018 census, and an increase of 21 people (7.7%) since the 2013 census. There were 147 males, 144 females and 3 people of other genders in 96 dwellings.[30] 3.1% of people identified as LGBTIQ+. The median age was 35.5 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 69 people (23.5%) aged under 15 years, 54 (18.4%) aged 15 to 29, 138 (46.9%) aged 30 to 64, and 33 (11.2%) aged 65 or older.[28]

People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 75.5% European (Pākehā), 36.7% Māori, 3.1% Pasifika, and 4.1% Asian. English was spoken by 95.9%, Māori language by 6.1%, and other languages by 4.1%. No language could be spoken by 2.0% (e.g. too young to talk). The percentage of people born overseas was 9.2, compared with 28.8% nationally.[28]

Religious affiliations were 21.4% Christian, and 1.0% Hindu. People who answered that they had no religion were 70.4%, and 6.1% of people did not answer the census question.[28]

Of those at least 15 years old, 24 (10.7%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 123 (54.7%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 75 (33.3%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $38,600, compared with $41,500 nationally. 21 people (9.3%) earned over $100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 111 (49.3%) people were employed full-time, 51 (22.7%) were part-time, and 9 (4.0%) were unemployed.[28]

Whatawhata statistical areas

Two statistical areas make up the larger Whatawhata area, covering 98.14 km2 (37.89 sq mi)[31] with an estimated population of + as of with a population density of (+)/98.14 people per km2.

Historical population of the Whatawhata area
YearPop.±%
20062,235—
20132,628+17.6%
20183,273+24.5%
20233,537+8.1%

[32][33]

Whatawhata statistical areas had a population of 3,537 in the 2023 New Zealand census, an increase of 264 people (8.1%) since the 2018 census, and an increase of 909 people (34.6%) since the 2013 census. There were 1,818 males, 1,716 females and 6 people of other genders in 1,131 dwellings.[34] 2.4% of people identified as LGBTIQ+. There were 786 people (22.2%) aged under 15 years, 576 (16.3%) aged 15 to 29, 1,665 (47.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 510 (14.4%) aged 65 or older.[32]

People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 83.9% European (Pākehā); 20.9% Māori; 3.4% Pasifika; 3.0% Asian; 1.0% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 3.1% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English was spoken by 97.7%, Māori language by 6.2%, Samoan by 0.2%, and other languages by 6.4%. No language could be spoken by 1.7% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 0.3%. The percentage of people born overseas was 13.1, compared with 28.8% nationally.[32]

Religious affiliations were 30.4% Christian, 0.6% Hindu, 0.1% Islam, 1.1% Māori religious beliefs, 0.3% Buddhist, 0.3% New Age, 0.1% Jewish, and 1.0% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 57.8%, and 8.7% of people did not answer the census question.[32]

Of those at least 15 years old, 603 (21.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 1,602 (58.2%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 537 (19.5%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. 468 people (17.0%) earned over $100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,581 (57.5%) people were employed full-time, 450 (16.4%) were part-time, and 51 (1.9%) were unemployed.[32]

Individual statistical areas
NameArea
(km2)		PopulationDensity
(per km2)		DwellingsMedian ageMedian
income
Whatawhata West50.705401118040.4 years$47,200[35]
Whatawhata East47.442,9976395141.4 years$51,000[36]
New Zealand38.1 years$41,500

Education

Whatawhata School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 8 students[37][38] with a roll of as of .[39] The school opened in 1887.[40]

References

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  2. ^ Boulton, Leanne (August 2011). "Hapu and Iwi Land Transactions with the Crown and Europeans in Te Rohe Potae Inquiry District, c. 1840 – 1865". Waitangi Tribunal
  3. ^ Collins, Adelaide (2005). "Te Papa-O-Rotu Marae Management and Administration". researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
  4. ^ "Journal of the Polynesian Society: Maori Flour Mills Of The Auckland Province, 1846–1860, By R. P. Hargreaves, P 227-232". www.jps.auckland.ac.nz. Archived from the original on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  5. ^ "MAORI MILLS. (Maori Messenger : Te Karere Maori, 1855-03-01)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz National Library of New Zealand. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  6. ^ "KORERO O TE POITINI TE KAI TITIRO I NGA MIRA MAORI. (Maori Messenger : Te Karere Maori, 1855-12-01)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz National Library of New Zealand. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  7. ^ "THE ACQUISITION OF NATIVE LANDS. To the Editor of the Southern Cross. (Daily Southern Cross, 1860-02-14)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz National Library of New Zealand. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  8. ^ "THE ADVANCE FROM NGARUAWAHIA TO WHATA WHATA. (Press, 1864-01-14)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2018-01-13.
  9. ^ "WHATA WHATA. (Press, 1864-01-30)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2018-01-13.
  10. ^ "ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH IN AUCKLAND (Daily Southern Cross, 1864-10-11)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2018-01-13.
  11. ^ The Raglan and Kawhia Districts: E. Bradbury & Co. 1915
  12. ^ "Farm services"
  13. ^ "The Geology of the Whatawhata District, South-West Auckland". Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand: Geology. 5 (5): 1. 1967-07-21.
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  21. ^ Edbrooke, Steve. "Mineral Commodity Report 18 - Coal". MBIE - Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Ltd
  22. ^ DESCRIPTIVE HANDBOOK TO THE WAIKATO ITS CONDITION AND RESOURCES: 1880 WAIKATO TIMES page 18
  23. ^ "WHATAWHATA POST OFFICE (Waikato Times, 1915-05-31)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz National Library of New Zealand. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
  24. ^ "DISTRICT NEWS. WAIKATO TIMES". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 14 Jul 1922. Retrieved 2022-01-06.
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  39. ^ "Education Review Office Report". ero.govt.nz. Education Review Office
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