{{Short description|Buddhist temple in Bangkok, Thailand}} {{Infobox religious building | name = Wat Hong Rattanaram Ratchaworawihan | native_name = วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร | image = พระอุโบสถ วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร.jpg | image_size = | alt = | sect = [[Theravada|Theravāda]], [[Maha Nikaya|Mahā Nikāya]] | caption = Ordination hall of the temple | region = [[central Thailand|Central]] | map_type = Thailand | map_size = | map_alt = | map_caption = | location = 72 Soi Wang Derm 2, Wang Derm Rd, Wat Arun, [[Bangkok Yai District|Bangkok Yai]], Bangkok | coordinates = {{Coord|13|44|22|N|100|29|17|E|region:TH_type:landmark|display=title}} | religious_affiliation = [[Buddhism]] | deity = | country = [[Thailand]] | functional_status = | website = | founded_by = Chao Sua Hong | year_completed = | architecture_type = [[Wat]] | architecture_style = [[Thai architecture|Thai]] mixed [[European architecture|European]]<ref name=hong/> }} '''Wat Hong Rattanaram Ratchaworawihan''', or just called '''Wat Hong Rattanaram''' ({{langx|th|วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร, วัดหงส์รัตนาราม}}) is an ancient [[wat|Thai Buddhist temple]] located in [[Bangkok]] rim the [[Khlong Bangkok Yai]] [[khlong|canal]]. It is classified as the second rank of royal temple and can be considered a temple of Prince [[Pinklao]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mgronline.com/dhamma/detail/9580000037082|work=[[ASTV Manager]]|language=th|date=2015-04-02|access-date=2019-09-17|title=รักษ์วัดรักษ์ไทย : วัดหงส์รัตนาราม พระอารามประจำพระบาทสมเด็จพระปิ่นเกล้าฯ|trans-title=Rak Wat Rak Thai : Wat Hong Rattanaram the monastery of Prince Pinklo}}</ref>
This temple built since late [[Ayutthaya period]] by wealthy Chinese named Hong, who was donated funds to build a temple on the banks of the Khlong Bangkok Yai. Hence the names Wat Hong, Wat Chao Sua Hong or Wat Chao Khrua Hong after the benefactor.
After [[Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)|the fall of Ayutthaya in 1767]], King [[Taksin]] decided to locate his new capital further away from Burma, he chose this area in [[Thonburi]] between two canals Bangkok Yai and [[Bangkok Noi Canal|Bangkok Noi]].
He built his palace, [[Wang Derm]] near the old fort ([[Wichai Prasit Fort]]) and chose to worship at Wat Hong just 500 m (1,640 ft) to the south. During his reign, he also has patronized this temple in the royal support since it was a religious educational centre.
Until the reign of King [[Nangklao]] (Rama III) there was a major restoration of the temple. Within the [[ubosot|ordination hall]], the principal Buddha statue was enshrined, named "Phra Saen", which is a bronze Buddha statue in the [[Lan Xang]] art style. Its history was enshrined at one temple in Chiang Taeng ([[Steung Treng Province|Steung Treng]]). Later, King [[Mongkut]] (Rama IV) invoke along with [[Emerald Buddha]] and enshrined it in this temple. Phra Sean is considered to be a very sacred Buddha statue, there are many people worshiping and vowing. When those who had vowed had achieved the desired results often preferred to make a votive offering on [[sticky rice]], [[pla ra]] (pickled fish) and boiled eggs.
The ordination hall has beautiful architecture with ornate frames for the doors and windows and sculptured doors. The murals of the hall adorn all four walls inside depict the [[Mahanipata Jataka]] (Ten Great Birth Stories of the Buddha), tales of the ten previous lives of [[Buddha]].
The [[vihara|sermon hall]] and where Buddha statues are enshrined. The main Buddha statue in this hall is one of [[gold]] from the late [[Sukhothai period]]. Originally it was encased in cement, when cement was cracked in the year 1957, it was found that it was actually a golden Buddha statue. Believe that it is a contemporary Buddha statue to the [[Golden Buddha (statue)|golden Buddha statue]] of Wat Traimit in [[Bangkok's Chinatown|Chainatown]].
The temple there is a shrine in honour of King Taksin located just outside the temple near the Khlong Bangkok Yai. This was built by members of the community in gratitude for the king’s restoration of the temple. As well as a [[sacred pool]] that is believed to be a source of [[holy water]] for those who worship to bring water to bath or drink.<ref name=hong>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ghaP_rq3FRc|date=2016-01-09|language=th|work=youtube|author=[[MCOT HD]]|access-date=2019-09-17|title=Open Life : สักการะสิ่งศักดิ์สิทธิ์วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร|trans-title=Pay respect to the sacred items of Wat Hong Rattanaram}}</ref>
In the year 1915, the land of the temple was also the location of the Bangkok Yai district office. Before moving to the current location at the [[Ratchadaphisek Road|Ratchadaphisek road]] near [[Tha Phra]] intersection in year 1988.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oic.go.th/FILEWEB/CABINFOCENTER9/DRAWER041/GENERAL/DATA0000/00000004.PDF|language=th|title=ประวัติความเป็นมา และข้อมูลทั่วไป|trans-title=The history and general information|work=Oic.go.th}}</ref>
Besides, the nearby [[Itsaraphap MRT station]], the extension station of the [[MRT Blue Line]]. The main theme of this station is the golden swan, which pays tribute to the majestic Wat Hong Rattanaram and the ceilings and columns of the main terminal are decorated with golden swan iconography. This is because the word "Hong" in Thai means [[hamsa (bird)|hamsa]], a mythical swan according to the beliefs of [[Thai people|Thais]] and [[Hindus]] and is also a steed of [[Brahma]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thaipbsworld.com/4-most-marvelous-mrt-stations-in-bangkok/|work=[[Thai PBS|TPBS]]|title=Four most marvelous MRT stations in Bangkok|date=2019-07-28|access-date=2019-09-17}}</ref>
==Gallery== <gallery> File:(2019) วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร เขตบางกอกใหญ่ กรุงเทพมหานคร (11).jpg|The golden Buddha File:Wat Hong Rattanaram วัดหงษ์รัตนาราม กรุงเทพฯ 05.jpg|Outside the temple File:วัดหงส์รัตนาราม Wat Hong Rattanaram (3).jpg|Sacred pool File:Wat Hong Rattanaram วัดหงษ์รัตนาราม กรุงเทพฯ 01.jpg|King Taksin shrine File:วัดหงส์รัตนาราม Wat Hong Rattanaram (7).jpg|King Taksin statue File:(2019) วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร เขตบางกอกใหญ่ กรุงเทพมหานคร (5).jpg|Phra Saen File:Wat Hong Rattanaram วัดหงษ์รัตนาราม กรุงเทพฯ 04.jpg|Inside the ordination hall File:วัดหงส์รัตนาราม Wat Hong Rattanaram (8).jpg|Swan-shaped pole, the origin name of the temple File:พระอุโบสถ วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร2.jpg|Ordination Hall (Ubosot) File:พระวิหาร วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร.jpg|Vihara (Main Hall) File:พระประธานในพระอุโบสถ วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร.jpg|Principal Buddha image in the Ordination Hall File:หลวงพ่อทองคำ พระประธานในพระวิหาร วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร.jpg|Luang Pho Thongkham, the principal Buddha image in the Vihara File:เจ้าขรัวหงส์ ผู้บริจาคที่ดินและทรัพย์สินสร้างวัดหงส์รัตนาราม.jpg|Chao Khrua Hong, the donor of land and assets for building the temple File:(2023) วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร เขตบางกอกใหญ่ กรุงเทพมหานคร (69).jpg|Shrine of [[King Taksin the Great]] File:(2023) วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร เขตบางกอกใหญ่ กรุงเทพมหานคร (15).jpg|Ash container of [[Chao Phraya Yommarat (Pan Sukhum)]] and his wife inside the Ordination Hall File:(2023) วัดหงส์รัตนารามราชวรวิหาร เขตบางกอกใหญ่ กรุงเทพมหานคร (61).jpg|Sacred holy water well </gallery>
==References== {{reflist}} {{Tourist attractions in Bangkok}} [[Category:Bangkok Yai district]] [[category:Buddhist temples in Bangkok]] [[category:Thai Theravada Buddhist temples and monasteries]] [[category:Registered ancient monuments in Bangkok]] [[category:Boran Theravada temples]]