{{short description|Data visualization graphics depicting trends of annual temperature changes}} {{Distinguish|Time temperature indicator}} {{Use British English Oxford spelling|date=July 2019}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019|cs1-dates=y}} {{Use list-defined references|date=October 2022}} [[File:GLOBAL-STRIPES-1850-2025-hires.png |thumb |upright=1.5 |Warming stripes graphic published by its designer, climatologist Ed Hawkins. The progression from blue (cooler) to red (warmer) stripes portrays global warming from 1850 (left side of graphic) through 2025 (right side).]] '''Warming stripes''' (sometimes referred to as '''climate stripes''',<ref name="WashPost_20190621"/><ref name="NOAAclimate_20190628"/><ref name="Potsdam_20190927"/><ref group="Note" name="Nomenclature"/> '''climate timelines'''<ref name="NCAS_2018"/> or '''stripe graphics'''<ref name="ClimateReality_20190621"/>) are data visualization graphics that use a series of coloured stripes chronologically ordered to visually portray long-term temperature trends.<ref name="Gizmodo_20190617"/><ref group="Note" name="Anomaly"/> Warming stripes reflect a "minimalist"<ref name="Gizmodo_20190617"/><ref name="Potsdam_20190927"/> style, conceived to use colour alone to avoid technical distractions to intuitively convey global warming trends to non-scientists.<ref name="Gizmodo_20180525"/><ref name="ScienceAlert_20180525"/>
British climatologist Ed Hawkins originated the concept of visualizing historical temperature data in 2018.<ref name=ClimateLabBookWMO_20181204/> The data visualization technique was soon extended to involve animation,<ref name="Vox_20190530"/> and to visualize diverse quantities such as sea level rise<ref name="RSJones_20190708"/> predictive climate data,<ref name="Gizmodo_20190320"/> progression of ocean depths,<ref name="OceanCoastalMgt_20210523"/> aviation's greenhouse gas emissions,<ref name="IOPhysics_20211104"/> biodiversity loss,<ref name=BiodiversityStripes_20230400/> soil moisture changes<ref name=DWD_SoilMoisture_202310/> and fine particulate matter concentrations.<ref name=AirQualityStripes_202408/> The graphic has been used to visually juxtapose temperature trends with other data—such as atmospheric {{CO2}} concentration,<ref name="Bevacqua_201811"/> global glacier retreat,<ref name="RSJones_20190701"/> and precipitation.<ref name="NOAAclimate_20190628"/>
In less technical contexts, the graphic has been embraced by climate activists, used as cover images of books and magazines, used in fashion design, and projected onto natural landmarks.<ref name=BBC_20231210/><ref name=EarthOrg_20240621/> It has been used on athletic team uniforms, music festival stages, and public infrastructure.<ref name=BBC_20231210/><ref name=EarthOrg_20240621/>
==Background, publication and content== {{multiple image | header=Conventional graphic versus warming stripes graphic | total_width = 400 | image1 = Anomaly.png | caption1 = This conventional graphic includes date ranges, explanatory legends, and technical terminology that warming stripes avoid. | image2 = 20240311 Warming stripes BEHIND line chart - global surface temperature.svg | caption2 = This composite of a conventional line chart superimposed on a warming stripe graphic illustrates year-by-year correlation of data points and coloured stripes.<ref>Data source: {{cite web |title=Met Office Climate Dashboard / Global temperature / Global surface temperatures / (scroll down to) Berkeley Earth |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (U.K.) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117053030/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |archive-date=17 January 2024 |date=January 2024 |url-status=live}} Data has been vertically offset to center trace vertically in chart.</ref> }} thumb |upright=1.5 |Original 2018 warming stripes graphic created by Ed Hawkins<ref name="ClimateLabBookWMO_20181204"/> {{quote box |title = |quote = {{nbsp|4}}{{font|font=Times New Roman|size=16px|"I wanted to communicate temperature changes in a way that was simple and intuitive, removing all the distractions of standard climate graphics so that the long-term trends and variations in temperature are crystal clear. Our visual system will do the interpretation of the stripes without us even thinking about it."}}<ref name="Gizmodo_20180525"/><ref name="ScienceAlert_20180525"/> |source = — Ed Hawkins, May 2018 |align = right |width = 400px |border = 1px |fontsize = 100% |bgcolor = #fafafa |title_bg = #fafafa |title_fnt = #202060 |qalign = left |salign = right }} {{multiple image | total_width=400 | image1= 20180522 Color palette for warming stripes - ColorBrewer 9-class single hue.svg |caption1= In 2018, Hawkins chose from the ColorBrewer colour palette originally designed for distinguishing areas in maps.<ref name="Voila_20191203"/> 2023 was so warm that an additional, darker shade of red was required.<ref name=BBC_20240105/> | image2= Gabriele Evertz Double 1999-2000 Acrylic on Canvas.jpg | caption2= Like warming stripes, color field abstract artworks<ref name=Evertz_2000/> are said to "strip out outside information and distractions and use color alone to immediately convey meaning".<ref name=Gizmodo_20180525/> }}
In May 2016, to make visualizing climate change easier for the general public, University of Reading climate scientist Ed Hawkins created an animated spiral graphic<ref name="UofReadingWeblogs_201605"/> of global temperature change as a function of time, a representation said to have gone viral.<ref name="ScienceAlert_20180525"/><ref name="Spinoff_20180917"/> Jason Samenow wrote in ''The Washington Post'' that the spiral graph was "the most compelling global warming visualization ever made",<ref name="WashPost_20160510"/> before it was featured in the opening ceremony of the 2016 Summer Olympics.<ref name="Vox_20190530"/>
Separately, by 10 June 2017, Ellie Highwood, also a climate scientist at the University of Reading, had completed<ref name="HighwoodTweet_20170610"/> a crocheted "global warming blanket"<ref name=BBC_20231210/> that was inspired by "temperature blankets" representing temperature trends in respective localities.<ref name="Highwood_20170615"/> Hawkins provided Highwood with a more user friendly colour scale to avoid the muted colour differences present in Highwood's blanket.<ref name="Highwood_20170615"/> Independently, in November 2015, University of Georgia estuarine scientist Joan Sheldon made a "globally warm scarf" having 400 blue, red and purple rows, but could not contact Hawkins until 2022.<ref name="NYTimes_20220617"/> Both Highwood and Sheldon credit as their original inspirations, "sky blankets" and "sky scarves" which are based on daily sky colours.<ref name="CanaryMedia_20220603"/>
On 22 May 2018, Hawkins published<ref name="ClimateLabBook_20180522"/> graphics constituting a chronologically ordered series of blue and red vertical stripes that he called warming stripes.<ref name="ScienceAlert_20180525"/> Hawkins, a lead author for the IPCC 6th Assessment Report, received the Royal Society's 2018 Kavli Medal, in part "for actively communicating climate science and its various implications with broad audiences".<ref name="RoyalSociety_20190430"/>
As described in a BBC article, in the month the big meteorological agencies release their annual climate assessments, Hawkins experimented with different ways of rendering the global data and "chanced upon the coloured stripes idea".<ref name="BBC_20190621"/> When he tried out a banner at the Hay Festival, according to the article, Hawkins "knew he'd struck a chord".<ref name="BBC_20190621"/> The National Centre for Atmospheric Science (UK), with which Hawkins is affiliated, states that the stripes "paint a picture of our changing climate in a compelling way. Hawkins swapped out numerical data points for colours which we intuitively react to".<ref name="NCAS_2018"/>
Others have called Hawkins's warming stripes "climate stripes"<ref name="WashPost_20190621"/><ref name="NOAAclimate_20190628"/> or "climate timelines".<ref name="NCAS_2018"/>
Warming stripe graphics are reminiscent of colour field painting, a style prominent in the mid 20th century, which strips out all distractions and uses only colour to convey meaning.<ref name=Gizmodo_20180525/> A warming stripes graphic in a 2025 Museum of Modern Art exhibit has been compared to a painting by Morris Louis–one of the earliest proponents of the colour field monument.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Designing for Climate Change |url=https://www.moma.org/magazine/articles/1212 |access-date=2025-08-25 |website=The Museum of Modern Art}}</ref><ref name="Feeney-2025" /> Colour field pioneer Barnett Newman said he was "creating images whose reality is self-evident", an ethos that Hawkins is said to have applied to the problem of climate change.<ref name=Gizmodo_20180525/>
Collaborating with Berkeley Earth scientist Robert Rohde,<ref name="Forbes_20210621"/> on 17 June 2019<ref name="Gizmodo_20190617"/> Hawkins published for public use, a large set of warming stripes on ShowYourStripes.info.<ref name="ScienceMag_20190626"/> Individualized warming stripe graphics were published for the globe, for most countries, as well as for certain smaller regions such as states in the US or parts of the UK,<ref name="ShowYourStripes_MainWebPage"/> since different parts of the world are warming more quickly than others.<ref name="FastCompany_20190621"/>
===Data sources and data visualization=== {{multiple image | align=right | direction=horizontal | total_width = 400
| image1 = 20190725 COMPARE Warming stripes - N vs S hemispheres 1880-2018 (ref 1901-2000).png | caption1 = '''Effect of geographic selection:''' Warming stripes for the Northern<ref name="NOAA_northern_hemisphere_20190726"/> and Southern<ref name="NOAA_southern_hemisphere_20190726"/> Hemispheres show how different, but same-size, regions compare. Greater recent temperature anomalies in the North display as stripes that are off the red scale.<ref group="Note" name="NotSameTemp"/>
| image2 = 20190727 COMPARE warming stripes - Global vs Caribbean 1910-2018 (ref 1910-2000).png | caption2 = '''Effect of geographic size:''' Warming stripes for the entire globe<ref name="NOAA_Global_20190727"/> and for the Caribbean Islands region.<ref name="NOAA_Caribbean_20190727"/> For geographical and statistical reasons, larger year-to-year variations are expected for smaller regions (bottom graphic).<ref name="Spinoff_20180917"/><ref name="NOAAsos_20190729"/><ref group="Note" name="NotSameTemp"/> }} {{multiple image | align=right | direction=horizontal | total_width = 400 | image3 = 20190709 Compare warming stripes - 0.10 vs 0.15 C per color.png | caption3 = '''Effect of each colour's temperature range:''' one dataset,<ref name="BerkeleyEarth1850Recent"/> but with different temperature range per colour (colour scales shown on left side). In the top graphic (with 0.10 °C per colour), recent temperatures exceed the red scale; the bottom graphic (0.15 °C per colour) avoids this clipping.<ref group="Note" name="NotSameTemp"/>
| image4 = 20190707 Compare warming stripes - three reference periods.png | caption4 = '''Effect of reference period (baseline):''' One dataset,<ref name="BerkeleyEarth1850Recent"/> with averages over three "reference periods" (horizontal purple bars) determining blue/red boundaries.<ref name="ShowYourStripes_FAQpage"/> The earliest, lowest-temp baseline (top) causes recent temperatures to exceed the red scale; later baselines avoid this clipping.<ref group="Note" name="NotSameTemp"/> }} {{multiple image | align=right | direction=horizontal | total_width = 200 | image5 = 20190708 Stripe graphic of sea level change (1880-2013) Richard Selwyn Jones.png | caption5 = '''Effect of choosing a baseline independent of any time period's average value:''' This stripe graphic of global average sea level change has a baseline that is less than all data values, producing a graphic having shades of only a single colour.<ref name="RSJones_20190708"/> }} Warming stripe graphics are defined with various parameters, including:<ref name="ClimateLabBook_20180522"/> * source of dataset (meteorological organization) * geographical scope of measurement (global, country, state, etc.) * time period (year range, for horizontal "axis") * temperature range (range of anomaly (deviation) about a reference or baseline temperature) * colour palette (usually, shades of blue and red), * colour scale (assignment of colours to represent respective ranges of temperature anomaly), * temperature boundaries (temperature above which a stripe is red and below which is blue, usually determined by an average annual temperature over a "reference period" or "baseline" of usually 30 years).<ref name="ShowYourStripes_FAQpage"/>
Hawkins' original graphics<ref group="Note" name="ColourChoice"/> use the eight most saturated blues and reds from the ColorBrewer 9-class single hue palettes, which optimize colour palettes for maps and are noted for their colourblind-friendliness.<ref name="Voila_20191203"/> Hawkins said the specific colour choice was an aesthetic decision ("I think they look just right"), also selecting baseline periods to ensure equally dark shades of blue and red for aesthetic balance.<ref name="Voila_20191203"/> Hawkins chose the 1971-2000 average as a boundary between reds and blues because the average global temperature in that reference period represented the mid-point in the warming to date.<ref name="Voila_20191203"/>
A ''Republik'' analysis said that "this graphic explains everything in the blink of an eye", attributing its effect mainly to the chosen colors, which "have a magical effect on our brain, (letting) us recognize connections before we have even actively thought about them".<ref name="Republik_20190408"/> The analysis concluded that colors other than blue and red "don't convey the same urgency as (Hawkins') original graphic, in which the colors were used in the classic way: blue=cold, red=warm."<ref name="Republik_20190408"/>
ShowYourStripes.info cites dataset sources Berkeley Earth, NOAA, UK Met Office, MeteoSwiss, DWD (Germany),<ref name="ShowYourStripes_MainWebPage"/> specifically explaining that the data for most countries comes from the Berkeley Earth temperature dataset, except that for the US, UK, Switzerland & Germany the data comes from respective national meteorological agencies.<ref name="ShowYourStripes_FAQpage"/>
For each country-level #ShowYourStripes graphic (Hawkins, June 2019), the average temperature in the 1971–2000 reference period is set as the boundary between blue (cooler) and red (warmer) colours, the colour scale varying +/- 2.6 standard deviations of the annual average temperatures between 1901 and 2000.<ref name="ShowYourStripes_FAQpage"/><ref name="WMO_20190620"/> Hawkins noted in 2019 that the graphic for the Arctic "broke the colour scale" since it is warming more than twice as fast as the global average.<ref name="WMO_20190620"/> He later reported that the 2023 global average was so extreme that a new, darker shade of red was required.<ref name=BBC_20240105/><ref name=RMS_20240620/>
For statistical and geographic reasons, it is expected that graphics for small areas will show more year-to-year variation than those for large regions.<ref name="Spinoff_20180917"/> Year-to-year changes reflected in graphics for localities result from weather variability, whereas global warming over centuries reflects climate change.<ref name="NOAAsos_20190729"/>
The NOAA website warns that the graphics "shouldn't be used to compare the rate of change at one location to another", explaining that "the highest and lowest values on the colour scale may be different at different locations".<ref name="NOAAclimate_20190628"/> Further, a certain colour in one graphic will not necessarily correspond to the same temperature in other graphics.<ref name="NewAtlas_20190619"/><ref name="Voila_20191203"/>
A climate change denier generated a warming stripes graphic that misleadingly affixed Northern Hemisphere readings over one period to global readings over another period, and omitted readings for the most recent thirteen years, with some of the data being 29-year-smoothed—to give the false impression that recent warming is routine.<ref name="CBSnews_20200130"/> Calling the graphic "imposter warming stripes", meteorologist Jeff Berardelli described it in January 2020 as "a mishmash of data riddled with gaps and inconsistencies" with an apparent objective to confuse the public.<ref name="CBSnews_20200130"/>
==Applications and influence== {{multiple image | header=Comparing multiple datasets | total_width=400
| image1 = 20200324 Global average temperature - NASA-GISS HadCrut NOAA Japan BerkeleyE.svg | caption1 = A conventional line graph comparing several highly correlated temperature datasets
| image2 = 20210502 Warming stripes comparison of Global Mean Surface Temperature datasets.svg | caption2 = A "stacked" warming stripes graphic comparing essentially the same highly correlated temperature datasets as the line graph }} {{multiple image | align=right | direction=horizontal | total_width=400 | image3 = 1960- Warming stripes global temperature graphic - atmospheric heights and ocean depths.png | caption3 = A "stacked" warming stripe graphic compares temperature datasets for various layers of Earth's atmosphere and oceans.<ref name=AMS_20250501>{{cite journal |last1=Hawkins |first1=Ed |last2=Williams |first2=Richard G. |last3=Young |first3=Paul J. |last4=Berardelli |first4=Jeff |last5=Burgess |first5=Samantha N. |last6=Highwood |first6=Ellie |last7=Randel |first7=William |last8=Roussenov |first8=Vassil |last9=Smith |first9=Doug |last10=Placky |first10=Bernadette Woods |title=Warming Stripes Spark Climate Conversations: From the Ocean to the Stratosphere |journal=Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society |volume=6 |issue=5 |date=1 May 2025 |pages=E964–E970 |doi=10.1175/BAMS-D-24-0212.1 |bibcode=2025BAMS..106E.964H }}</ref><ref name=ClimateLabBook_20190912/>
| image4 = 20190707 Logo closeup - House select committee on climate crisis.png | caption4 = Logo, US House Select Committee on the Climate Crisis (formed 2019)<ref name="UShouseSelCommittee_2019"/> }} {{multiple image | align=right | direction=horizontal | total_width=400 | image5 = 20191206 Warming stripes at COP25 - John Englart flickr - composite.jpg | caption5 = Warming stripes at the 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP25).<ref name=EarthOrg_20240621/><ref name="COP25WarmingStripes_20191206"/>
| image6 = Demonstration at Platz der Republik at Rebellion Week Berlin 2019-10-09 26.jpg | caption6 = Demonstrators dressed as warming stripes during an Extinction Rebellion protest in Berlin, Germany (2019). }} {{multiple image | align=right | direction=horizontal | total_width=400 | image7 = YN14MYA Reading Buses 431 Scania K270UB with ADL Enviro300SG bodywork (52502220390).jpg | caption7 = Warming stripes on a bus in Reading, Berkshire, U.K. | image8 = Warming Stripes on the Sachsenbrücke Leipzig.jpg | caption8 = Warming stripes on the Saxons' Bridge in Leipzig, Germany<ref name="SachsenBridge_202204"/> }} After Hawkins' first publication of warming stripe graphics in May 2018, broadcast meteorologists in multiple countries began to show stripe-decorated neckties, necklaces, pins and coffee mugs on-air, reflecting a growing acceptance of climate science among meteorologists and a willingness to communicate it to audiences.<ref name="WashPost_20180621"/> In 2019, the United States House Select Committee on the Climate Crisis used warming stripes in its committee logo, showing horizontally oriented stripes behind a silhouette of the United States Capitol,<ref name="UShouseSelCommittee_2019"/> and three US Senators wore warming stripe lapel pins at the 2020 State of the Union Address.<ref name="BBC_20200209"/>
On 17 June 2019,<ref name="Gizmodo_20190617"/> Hawkins initiated a social media campaign with hashtag #ShowYourStripes that encourages people to download their regions' graphics from ShowYourStripes.info, and to post them.<ref name="ScienceMag_20190626"/> The campaign was backed by U.N. Climate Change, the World Meteorological Organization and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.<ref name="WMO_20210621"/> Called "a new symbol for the climate emergency" by French magazine ''L'EDN,''<ref name="LEDN_20190923"/> the graphics have been embraced by climate activists, used as cover images of books and magazines, used in fashion design, projected onto natural landmarks, and used on athletic team uniforms, music festival stages, and public infrastructure.<ref name=BBC_20231210/>
More specifically, warming stripes have been applied to knit-it-yourself scarves,<ref name="ZeitTT_20191212"/> a vase,<ref name="WooleyWallis_20191121"/> neckties, cufflinks, bath towels,<ref name="HERKA_2022"/> vehicles, and a music festival stage,<ref name="ScienceMag_20190626"/> as well as on the side of Freiburg, Germany, streetcars,<ref name="Tagesspiegel_20190927"/> as municipal murals in Córdoba, Spain,<ref name="ElDiario_20191007"/> Anchorage, Alaska,<ref name="TravelWeekly_20200526"/> and Jersey,<ref name=JerseyEveningPost_20230924/> on face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic,<ref name="Mashable_20200512"/> in an action logo of the German soccer club 1. FSV Mainz 05,<ref name="Mainz_20201007"/> on the side of the Climate Change Observatory in Valencia,<ref name="ElPeriodic_20210201"/> on the side of a power station turbine house in Reading, Berkshire,<ref name="ReadingHydroMural_2021"/> on tech-themed shirts,<ref name="FashionUnited_20210601"/> on designer dresses,<ref name="Tammam_20210600"/> on the uniforms of Reading Football Club,<ref name="Talksport_20220725"/> on Leipzig's Sachsen Bridge,<ref name="SachsenBridge_202204"/> on a biomethane-powered bus,<ref name="ReadingToday_20220810"/> as a stage backdrop at the 2022 Glastonbury Festival,<ref name="BBC_20220625"/> on the racer uniforms and socks and webpage banner of the Climate Classic bicycle race,<ref name=EarthOrg_20240621/><ref name=Cycling_2022/> on the World Bank's ''Climate Explainer Series'',<ref name=WorldBank_20221017/> projected onto the White Cliffs of Dover,<ref name=EarthOrg_20240621/><ref name=BBC_20230621/> on an Envision Racing electric race car,<ref name=EnvisionRacing_20231208/> on numerous bridges and towers noted by Climate Central,<ref name=ClimateCentral_202306/> and in a logo of Climate Central itself.<ref name=ClimateCentralLogo_20250927/>
Remarking that "infiltrating popular culture is a means of triggering a change of attitude that will lead to mass action",<ref name="LEDN_20190923"/> Hawkins surmised that making the graphics available for free has made them used more widely.<ref name="DesignWeek_20190925"/> Hawkins further said that any merchandise-related profits are donated to charity.<ref name="DesignWeek_20190925"/>
Through a campaign led by nonprofit Climate Central using hashtag #MetsUnite, more than 100 TV meteorologists—the scientists most laymen interact with more than any other<ref name="BostonGlobe_20190621"/>—featured warming stripes<ref name="ScienceMag_20190626"/> and used the graphics to focus audience attention during broadcasts on summer solstices beginning in 2018<ref name="BostonGlobe_20190621"/><ref name="MediaMatters_20190625"/> with the "Stripes for the Solstice" effort.<ref name="Forbes_20190619"/>
On 24 June 2019, Hawkins tweeted that nearly a million stripe graphics had been downloaded by visitors from more than 180 countries<ref name="MediaMatters_20190625"/> in the course of their first week.<ref name="Reuters_20190628"/>
In 2018, the German Weather Service's meteorological training journal ''Promet'' showed a warming stripes graphic on the cover of the issue titled "Climate Communication".<ref name="DWD_20180926"/> By September 2019, the Met Office, the UK's national weather service, was using both a climate spiral and a warming stripe graphic on its "What is climate change?" webpage.<ref name="MetOffice_201909"/> Concurrently, the cover of the 21–27 September 2019 issue of ''The Economist,'' dedicated to "The climate issue," showed a warming stripe graphic,<ref name="LEDN_20190923"/><ref name="Economist_20190919"/><ref name="CarbonBrief_20190920"/> as did the cover of ''The Guardian'' on the morning of the 20 September 2019 climate strikes.<ref name="CarbonBrief_20190920"/> The environmental initiative Scientists for Future (2019) included warming stripes in its logo.<ref name="BZ_Berlin_20200610"/> The Science Information Service (Germany) noted in December 2019 that warming stripes were a "frequently used motif" in demonstrations by the School strike for the climate and Scientists for Future, and were also on the roof of the German Maritime Museum in Bremerhaven.<ref name="IDW_20191202"/> Also in December 2019, Voilà Information Design said that warming stripes "have replaced the polar bear on a melting iceberg as the icon of the climate crisis".<ref name="Voila_20191203"/>
On 18 January 2020, a 20-metre-wide artistic light-show installation of warming stripes was opened at the Gendarmenmarkt in Berlin, with the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences building being illuminated in the same way.<ref name="LightSound_20200305"/> The cover of the "Climate Issue" (fall 2020) of the Space Science and Engineering Center's ''Through the Atmosphere'' journal was a warming stripes graphic,<ref name="SSEC_20201119"/> and in June 2021 the WMO used warming stripes to "show climate change is here and now" in its statement that "2021 is a make-or-break year for climate action".<ref name="WMO_20210621"/> The November 2021 UN Climate Change Conference (COP26) exhibited an immersive "climate canopy" sculpture consisting of hanging, blue and red color-coded, vertical lighted bars with fabric fringes.<ref name="NCAS_20211013"/>
On 27 September 2019, the Fachhochschule (University of Applied Science) Potsdam announced that warming stripes graphics had won in the science category of an international competition recognising innovative and understandable visualisations of climate change,<ref name="Tagesspiegel_20190927"/> the jury stating that the graphics make an "impact through their innovative, minimalist design".<ref name="Potsdam_20190927"/>
Hawkins was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2020 New Year Honours "For services to Climate Science and to Science Communication".<ref name="LondonGazette_20191228"/>
In April 2022, textiles from ''haute couture'' fashion designer Lucy Tammam with warming stripes won the Best Customer Engagement Campaign title in the Sustainable Fashion 2022 awards by ''Drapers'' fashion magazine.<ref name="IndiaEdDiary_20220429"/>
In October 2022, the front cover of Greta Thunberg's ''The Climate Book'' features warming stripes.<ref name=EarthOrg_20240621/><ref name="Bookseller_20220526"/><ref name="Thunberg_2022"/>
In June 2023, Pope Francis was presented with a warming stripes stole.<ref name=EarthOrg_20240621/>
In May 2024, Hawkins received the Royal Geographical Society's Geographical Engagement Award for his work in developing warming stripes.<ref name=RoyalGeographicalSociety_20240507/>
In 2025, the warming stripes graphic was included in ''Pirouette: Turning Points in Design'', an exhibition of "widely recognized design icons" at the Museum of Modern Art highlighting design as an agent of change and "pivotal moments in design history."<ref name=MOMA_2025/>
{{anchor|Alexander Radtke|AlexanderRadtke|Alex Radtke|AlexRadtke}}{{anchor|Kevin Pluck|KevinPluck}}{{anchor|Richard SelwynJones|RichardSelwynJones}}{{anchor|Emanuele Bevacqua|EmanueleBevacqua}} ===Extensions of warming stripes=== {{multiple image | align=right | direction=horizontal | total_width=400
| image1 = 20210822 Global warming - warming stripes bar chart.svg | caption1 = A warming stripes colour scheme is applied to a conventional bar chart to visually emphasize changes in temperature. Taller bars are more intensely coloured.
| image2 = 20190729 Warming stripes (circular) - global (1900-2017) - Emanuele Bevacqua.jpg | caption2 = Average global temperature change is depicted with chronologically ordered, concentric coloured rings.<ref name="Bevacqua_201811"/> }} In 2018, University of Reading post-doctoral research assistant Emanuele Bevacqua juxtaposed vertical-stripe graphics for {{CO2}} concentration and for average global temperature (August), and "circular warming stripes" depicting average global temperature with concentric coloured rings (November).<ref name="Bevacqua_201811"/>
thumb|upright=1.2|Bifurcated graphic of two futures. In March 2019, German engineer Alexander Radtke extended Hawkins' historical graphics to show predictions of future warming through the year 2200, a graphic that one commentator described as making the future "a lot more visceral".<ref name="Gizmodo_20190320"/> Radtke bifurcated the graphic to show diverging predictions for different degrees of human action in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.<ref name="Gizmodo_20190320"/>
On or before 30 May 2019, UK-based software engineer Kevin Pluck designed ''animated'' warming stripes that portray the unfolding of the temperature increase, allowing viewers to experience the change from an earlier stable climate to recent rapid warming.<ref name="Vox_20190530"/> {{multiple image | align=right | direction=horizontal | total_width=400
| image3 = 20190721 STACKED warming stripes - all countries - Climate Lab Book (Ed Hawkins).png | caption3 = Comprehensive "stack" of 196 warming stripes for respective countries grouped by continent.<ref name="ClimateLabBookSTACKED_20190721"/>
| image4 = World heatmap of average global temperatures, by month and year (1850–2016).jpg | caption4 = This "stack", technically a heat map, organizes temperatures by month (horizontally) and year (vertically).<ref name="Dave_20160615"/> }} By June 2019, Hawkins vertically stacked hundreds of warming stripe graphics from corresponding world locations and grouped them by continent to form a comprehensive, composite graphic, "Temperature Changes Around the World (1901–2018)".<ref name="BBC_20190621"/><ref name="FastCompany_20190621"/>
On 1 July 2019, Durham University geography research fellow Richard Selwyn Jones published a Global Glacier Change graphic, modeled after and credited as being inspired by Hawkins' #ShowYourStripes graphics, allowing global warming and global glacier retreat to be visually juxtaposed.<ref name="RSJones_20190701"/> Jones followed on 8 July 2019 with a stripe graphic portraying global sea level change using only shades of blue.<ref name="RSJones_20190708"/> Separately, NOAA displayed a graphic juxtaposing annual temperatures and precipitation,<ref name="NOAAclimate_20190628"/> researchers from the Netherlands used stripe graphics to represent progression of ocean depths,<ref name="OceanCoastalMgt_20210523"/> and the Institute of Physics used applied the graphic to represent aviation emission's percentage contribution to global warming.<ref name="IOPhysics_20211104"/>
In 2023, University of Derby professor Miles Richardson created sequenced stripes to illustrate biodiversity loss,<ref name=BiodiversityStripes_20230400/> and the German Meteorological Service represented soil moisture deviations using sequenced green and brown stripes.<ref name=DWD_SoilMoisture_202310/>
In August 2024, a collaboration among several universities and the UK Met Office published location-specific Air Quality Stripes having blue, yellow, orange, red and black stripes representing fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) concentrations over time.<ref name="AirQualityStripes_202408" />
==Critical response== Some warned that warming stripes of ''individual'' countries or states, taken out of context, could advance the idea that ''global'' temperatures are not rising,<ref name="ScienceMag_20190626"/> though research meteorologist J. Marshall Shepherd said that "geographic variations in the graphics offer an outstanding science communication opportunity".<ref name="Forbes_20190624"/> Meteorologist and #MetsUnite coordinator Jeff Berardelli said that "local stripe visuals help us tell a nuanced story—the climate is not changing uniformly everywhere".<ref name="Wunderground_20190619"/>
Others say the charts should include axes or legends,<ref name="ScienceMag_20190626"/> though the website FAQ page explains the graphics were "specifically designed to be as simple as possible, and to start conversations... (to) fill a gap and enable communication with minimal scientific knowledge required to understand their meaning".<ref name="ShowYourStripes_FAQpage"/> J. Marshall Shepherd, former president of the American Meteorological Society, lauded Hawkins' approach, writing that "it is important not to miss the bigger picture. Science communication to the public has to be different"<ref name="Forbes_20190624"/> and commending Hawkins for his "innovative" approach and "outstanding science communication" effort.<ref name="ScienceMag_20190626"/>
In ''The Washington Post,'' Matthew Cappucci wrote that the "simple graphics ... leave a striking visual impression" and are "an easily accessible way to convey an alarming trend", adding that "warming tendencies are plain as day".<ref name="WashPost_20190621"/> Greenpeace spokesman Graham Thompson remarked that the graphics are "like a really well-designed logo while still being an accurate representation of very important data".<ref name="Reuters_20190628"/>
CBS News contributor Jeff Berardelli noted that the graphics "aren't based on future projections or model assumptions" in the context of stating that "science is not left or right. It's simply factual."<ref name="WashPost_20190621"/>
A September 2019 editorial in ''The Economist'' hypothesized that "to represent this span of human history (1850–2018) as a set of simple stripes may seem reductive"—noting those years "saw world wars, technological innovation, trade on an unprecedented scale and a staggering creation of wealth"—but concluded that "those complex histories and the simplifying stripes share a common cause," namely, fossil fuel combustion.<ref name="Economist_20190919"/>
Informally, warming stripes have been said to resemble "tie-dyed bar codes"<ref name="WashPost_20190621"/> and a "work of art in a gallery".<ref name="NewsAU_20180829"/>
Writer Mark Feeney remarked that "seen in strictly visual terms, the graphic is quite pleasing to look at. It could be a Morris Louis painting. Understood conceptually, it's alarming to contemplate."<ref name="Feeney-2025">{{Cite web |last=Feeney |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Feeney |date=23 July 2025 |title=At MoMA, designs for living |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2025/07/23/arts/moma-designs-living/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250724091754/https://www.bostonglobe.com/2025/07/23/arts/moma-designs-living/ |archive-date=24 Jul 2025 |access-date=3 August 2025 |website=The Boston Globe}}</ref>
==Similar graphics== The lobby of the MIT Museum has a sculpture made from thousands of feet of plastic twine, with each strand representing Earth's temperature going back to the ice age.<ref name=FastCompany_20250923/> Blue and green strands reflect cooler climates than the reds and oranges.<ref name=FastCompany_20250923/> The current temperature is represented by a single yellow piece of twine, and the sculpture then spreads out into a broad web representing possible futures with reds and blues.<ref name=FastCompany_20250923>{{cite magazine |last1=Segran |first1=Elizabeth |title=This stunning new sculpture visualizes what climate change could do to the Earth |url=https://www.fastcompany.com/91403726/this-stunning-new-sculpture-visualizes-what-climate-change-could-do-to-the-earth |magazine=Fast Company |date=23 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250924192647/https://www.fastcompany.com/91403726/this-stunning-new-sculpture-visualizes-what-climate-change-could-do-to-the-earth |archive-date=24 September 2025 |url-status=live }}</ref>
==See also== {{div col|colwidth=15em}} * Climate change art * Climate communication * Color field * Craftivism * Data and information visualization * Environmental communication * Instrumental temperature record * Scientific consensus on climate change * The Tempestry Project {{div col end}}
==Notes== {{reflist|group="Note"|refs=
<ref group="Note" name="Nomenclature">In his [https://web.archive.org/web/20190329183701/http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/2018/climate-stripes-for-the-uk/ "Climate stripes for the UK"] ''Climate Lab Book'' entry (17 September 2018), Ed Hawkins implicitly applied the generic term "climate stripes" to both ''temperature'' and ''rainfall'' graphics, reserving the more specific term "warming stripes" to the ''temperature'' graphic.</ref>
<ref group="Note" name="Anomaly">More precisely: a warming stripes graphic generally portrays temperature ''anomalies'', which are deviations below or above a chosen reference or baseline temperature.</ref>
<ref group="Note" name="NotSameTemp">Typically, warming stripe graphics portray temperature ''anomalies''—usually, deviations from an average temperature over a chosen reference period (baseline)—and not absolute temperatures. Also, different graphics' colours may cover different-size temperature ranges (e.g., 0.10 °C per colour vs. 0.15 °C per colour). Accordingly, a particular colour in one graphic does not necessarily represent the same absolute temperature or temperature anomaly as the same colour in another graphic.</ref>
<ref group="Note" name="ColourChoice">In this Wikipedia article, some figures do not follow Hawkins' exact colour choice, as those figures were generated before the nature of Hawkins' chosen colour palette was widely publicized.</ref> }}
==References== {{reflist | 25em | refs=
<ref name="BerkeleyEarth1850Recent">{{cite web |title=Land + Ocean (1850 – Recent) / Monthly Global Average Temperature (annual summary) |url=http://berkeleyearth.lbl.gov/auto/Global/Land_and_Ocean_summary.txt |publisher=Berkeley Earth |website=berkeleyearth.lbl.gov |access-date=4 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629180117/http://berkeleyearth.org/data/ |archive-date=29 June 2019 |date=2019 |url-status=live}} Data is based an average of "Annual Anomaly" from under "Land + Ocean anomaly using air temperature above sea ice" and from under "Land + Ocean using water temperature below sea ice", and adjusted to have a reference period (baseline) of 1961–1990 for comparison purposes.</ref>
<ref name="BBC_20190621">{{cite news |author-last=Amos |author-first=Jonathan |author-link=Jonathan Amos |title=The chart that defines our warming world / Is this the simplest way to show what is meant by global warming? The chart below organises all the countries of the world by region, time and temperature. The trend is unmistakeable. |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-48678196 |work=BBC |date=21 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629140556/https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-48678196 |archive-date=29 June 2019 |url-status=live}} ([https://web.archive.org/web/20190626084354/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/660/cpsprodpb/133A5/production/_107475787_climate_stripes_976-nc.png Link to PNG image])</ref>
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<ref name="BBC_20220625">{{cite news |author-last=Savage |author-first=Mark |title=Greta Thunberg delivers a climate warning at Glastonbury |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-61938933 |agency=BBC |date=25 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220719160249/https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-61938933 |archive-date=19 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name=BBC_20230621>{{cite news |last1=Fuller |first1=Christian |title=Climate change warning beamed on Dover's White Cliffs |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cjqz1xnjydgo |agency=BBC News |date=21 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630055518/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cjqz1xnjydgo |archive-date=30 June 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name=BBC_20231210>{{cite news |last1=Rosch |first1=Carla |title=The coloured stripes that explain climate change |url=https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20231206-the-coloured-stripes-that-explain-climate-change |publisher=BBC |date=10 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211150526/https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20231206-the-coloured-stripes-that-explain-climate-change |archive-date=11 December 2023 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name=BBC_20240105>{{cite news |last1=Stephens |first1=Daisy |title=Climate stripes need new colour as world warms |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c72yrd8y9pwo |agency=BBC |date=5 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250602034354/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c72yrd8y9pwo |archive-date=2 June 2025 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="Bevacqua_201811">{{cite web |author-last=Bevacqua |author-first=Emanuele |title=Climate Change Visualizations |url=https://emanuele.bevacqua.eu/climatevisuals/ |website=emanuele.bevacqua.eu |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729194942/https://emanuele.bevacqua.eu/climatevisuals/ |archive-date=29 July 2019 |date=November 2018 |url-status=live}} ([https://web.archive.org/web/20190731035139/https://research.reading.ac.uk/meteorology/people/emanuele-bevacqua/ University of Reading affiliate]). ([https://web.archive.org/web/20190731035139/https://research.reading.ac.uk/meteorology/people/emanuele-bevacqua/ Author's link at University of Reading])</ref>
<ref name="Bookseller_20220526">{{cite news |author-last=Bayley |author-first=Sian |title=Allen Lane reveals Greta Thunberg cover featuring Hawkins 'Warming Stripes' graph |url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/allen-lane-reveals-greta-thunberg-cover-featuring-hawkins-warming-stripes-graph |work=The Bookseller |date=26 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618015503/https://www.thebookseller.com/news/allen-lane-reveals-greta-thunberg-cover-featuring-hawkins-warming-stripes-graph |archive-date=18 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
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<ref name="BostonGlobe_20190621">{{cite news |author-last=Epstein |author-first=Dave |title=Summer is officially here — time to show your stripes for climate change |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2019/06/21/summer-officially-here-time-show-your-stripes-for-climate-change/2c1k3ukCMD2nT5xYqqZOEL/story.html |newspaper=The Boston Globe |date=21 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621180429/https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2019/06/21/summer-officially-here-time-show-your-stripes-for-climate-change/2c1k3ukCMD2nT5xYqqZOEL/story.html |archive-date=21 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="BZ_Berlin_20200610">{{cite news |author-last=Sauerbier |author-first=Michael |title=Warnt die Bahn in Cottbus vor dem Klimawandel? / Bahnhofs-Fassade zeigt Erderwärmung |language=de |trans-title=Does the train in Cottbus warn of climate change? / Station facade shows global warming |url=https://www.bz-berlin.de/berlin/umland/warnt-die-bahn-in-cottbus-vor-dem-klimawandel |newspaper=B.Z. |publisher=Axel Springer SE |publication-place=Berlin, Germany |date=10 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611172941/https://www.bz-berlin.de/berlin/umland/warnt-die-bahn-in-cottbus-vor-dem-klimawandel |archive-date=11 June 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name=BiodiversityStripes_20230400>{{cite web |last1=Richardson |first1=Miles |title=#BiodiversityStripes |url=https://biodiversitystripes.info/global |website=BiodiversityStripes.info |publisher=University of Derby |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421095426/https://biodiversitystripes.info/global/ |archive-date=21 April 2023 |date=2023 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name=AirQualityStripes_202408>{{cite web |author1=Collaboration among the University of Leeds (School of Earth and Environment), the University of Edinburgh (EPCC), the UK Met Office and North Carolina State University. |title=Air Quality Stripes |url=https://airqualitystripes.info/ |website=AirQualityStripes.info |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240815190246/https://airqualitystripes.info/ |archive-date=15 August 2024 |date=August 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="CanaryMedia_20220603">{{cite news |author-last=Munsell |author-first=Mike |title=Who really invented the climate stripes? |url=https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/climate-crisis/who-really-invented-the-climate-stripes |publisher=Canary Media |date=3 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220603113551/https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/climate-crisis/who-really-invented-the-climate-stripes |archive-date=3 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="CarbonBrief_20190920">{{cite web |title=Climate strikes expected to be largest environmental protest in history |url=https://www.carbonbrief.org/daily-brief/climate-strikes-expected-to-be-largest-environmental-protest-in-history |website=The Carbon Brief |date=20 September 2019 |access-date=2022-10-20 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019191302/https://www.carbonbrief.org/daily-brief/climate-strikes-expected-to-be-largest-environmental-protest-in-history/ |archive-date=2022-10-19}}</ref>
<ref name="CBSnews_20200130">{{cite news |author-last=Berardelli |author-first=Jeff |title=2,000 years of Earth's climate in one simple chart – and the copycat that isn't what it seems |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/climate-change-2000-years-of-earths-temperatures-in-one-simple-chart-and-copycat-misinformation/ |agency=CBS News |date=30 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130155438/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/climate-change-2000-years-of-earths-temperatures-in-one-simple-chart-and-copycat-misinformation/ |archive-date=30 January 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name=ClimateCentral_202306>{{cite news |title=Stripes Day on June 21st |url=https://www.climatecentral.org/stripes-information |publisher=Climate Central |date=June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230625092309/https://www.climatecentral.org/stripes-information |archive-date=25 June 2023 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name=ClimateCentralLogo_20250927>{{cite web |title=Climate Central (logo on Instagram) |url=https://www.instagram.com/climatecentral/ |publisher=Climate Central |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250927212446/https://www.instagram.com/climatecentral/ |archive-date=27 September 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="ClimateLabBookWMO_20181204">{{cite web |author-last=Hawkins |author-first=Ed |author-link=Ed Hawkins (climatologist) |title=2018 visualisation update / Warming stripes for 1850–2018 using the WMO annual global temperature dataset. |url=http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/2018/2018-visualisation-update/ |website=Climate Lab Book |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417024828/http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/2018/2018-visualisation-update/ |archive-date=17 April 2019 |date=4 December 2018 |url-status=live}} ([https://web.archive.org/web/20190403013148/http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/files/2018/12/wmo_stripes.png Direct link to image]).</ref>
<ref name="ClimateLabBook_20180522">{{cite web |author-last=Hawkins |author-first=Ed |author-link=Ed Hawkins (climatologist) |title=Warming stripes |url=http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/2018/warming-stripes/ |website=Climate Lab Book |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526060026/http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/2018/warming-stripes/ |archive-date=26 May 2018 |location=UK |date=22 May 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="ClimateLabBookSTACKED_20190721">{{cite web |author-last=Hawkins |author-first=Ed |author-link=Ed Hawkins (climatologist) |title=#ShowYourStripes / Temperature changes around the world (1901–2018) |url=http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/2019/showyourstripes/#more-5629 |website=Climate Lab Book |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802205935/http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/2019/showyourstripes/ |archive-date=2 August 2019 |date=21 July 2019 |url-status=live}} ([https://web.archive.org/web/20190802210355/http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/files/2019/06/all_countries_BBC-e1563724721978.png Direct link to image]).</ref>
<ref name="ClimateLabBook_20190912">{{cite web |author-last=Hawkins |author-first=Ed |author-link=Ed Hawkins (climatologist) |title=Atmospheric temperature trends |url=http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/2019/atmospheric-temperature-trends/ |website=Climate Lab Book |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190912192530/http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/2019/atmospheric-temperature-trends/ |archive-date=12 September 2019 |date=12 September 2019 |url-status=live}} (Higher-altitude cooling differences attributed to ozone depletion and greenhouse gas increases; spikes occurred with volcanic eruptions of 1982–1983 (El Chichón) and 1991–1992 (Pinatubo).)</ref>
<ref name="ClimateReality_20190621">{{cite web |title=Show Your Stripes |url=https://climaterealitychicago.com/show-your-stripes/ |website=climaterealitychicago |publisher=The Climate Reality Project |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808191133/https://climaterealitychicago.com/show-your-stripes/ |archive-date=8 August 2019 |location=Chicago, USA |date=21 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name=Cycling_2022>{{cite web |title=De Uitdaging Voor Duurzame Impact (The Challenge for Sustainable Impact) |url=https://cycling4climate.nl/ |website=Cycling4Climate.nl |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221107102842/https://cycling4climate.nl/ |archive-date=7 November 2022 |language=Dutch |date=2022 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="Dave_20160615">{{cite web |title=Average World Temperature Since 1850 |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/dataisbeautiful/comments/4o6if2/the_temperature_of_the_world_since_1850_oc/?sort=old |website=Reddit, "DataIsBeautiful" subreddit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160615132704/https://www.reddit.com/r/dataisbeautiful/comments/4o6if2/the_temperature_of_the_world_since_1850_oc/ |archive-date=15 June 2016 |date=15 June 2016 |url-status=live}} Data source: [https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/temperature/HadCRUT4-gl.dat University of East Anglia Climate Research Unit (CRU)] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20190804094057/https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/temperature/HadCRUT4-gl.dat archive]).</ref>
<ref name="Highwood_20170615">{{cite web |author-last=Highwood |author-first=Ellie |author-link=Ellie Highwood |title=The art of turning climate change science to a crochet blanket |url=https://blogs.egu.eu/divisions/as/2017/06/15/the-art-of-turning-climate-change-science-to-a-crochet-blanket/ |website=egu.eu |publisher=European Geosciences Union |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170618024613/https://blogs.egu.eu/divisions/as/2017/06/15/the-art-of-turning-climate-change-science-to-a-crochet-blanket/ |archive-date=18 June 2017 |date=15 June 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="HighwoodTweet_20170610">{{cite web |author-last=Highwood |author-first=Ellie |author-link=Ellie Highwood |title=Ok so i am a crochet addict. This is my "global warming blanket" -stripes coloured according to last 100 years T anomaly. |url=https://twitter.com/elliehighwood/status/873603203279015937 |website=Twitter.com/EllieHighwood |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907035549/https://twitter.com/elliehighwood/status/873603203279015937 |archive-date=7 September 2021 |date=10 June 2017 |url-status=live}} (Tweet with image of "global warming blanket")</ref>
<ref name="DesignWeek_20190925">{{cite web |author-last=Wong |author-first=Henry |title=How a climate crisis graphic became a meme |url=https://www.designweek.co.uk/issues/23-29-september-2019/climate-change-graphic/ |website=Design Week |date=25 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925164757/https://www.designweek.co.uk/issues/23-29-september-2019/climate-change-graphic/ |archive-date=25 September 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="DWD_20180926">{{cite web |title="Promet"-Themenheft zur Klimakommunikation |language=de |trans-title="Promet" thematic booklet on climate communication |url=https://www.dwd.de/DE/klimaumwelt/aktuelle_meldungen/181126/promet_klimakommunikation.html |website=Deutscher Wetterdienst dwd.de (German Weather Service) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924095956/https://www.dwd.de/DE/klimaumwelt/aktuelle_meldungen/181126/promet_klimakommunikation.html |archive-date=24 September 2019 |date=26 September 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name=DWD_SoilMoisture_202310>{{cite web |title=Was Wir 2023 Über das Extremwetter in Deutschland Wissen (What We Know About Extreme Weather in Germany, 2023) |url=https://www.dwd.de/DE/klimaumwelt/aktuelle_meldungen/230927/Faktenpapier-Extremwetterkongress_download.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=3 |website=DWD.de |publisher=Deutscher Wetterdienst (German Meteorological Service) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022000035/https://www.dwd.de/DE/klimaumwelt/aktuelle_meldungen/230927/Faktenpapier-Extremwetterkongress_download.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=3 |archive-date=22 October 2023 |page=14 |date=October 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name=EarthOrg_20240621>{{cite news |last1=Igini |first1=Martina |title=What the 'Warming Stripes' Tell Us About Climate Change |url=https://earth.org/showyourstripes-day-what-the-warming-stripes-tell-us-about-climate-change/ |work=Earth.org |date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240926174752/https://earth.org/showyourstripes-day-what-the-warming-stripes-tell-us-about-climate-change/ |archive-date=26 September 2024 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="ElDiario_20191007">{{cite news |author-last=Reina |author-first=Carmen |title=El código climático o la huella del alza de las temperaturas hecha color |language=es |trans-title=The climate code, or the trace of rising temperatures made of colour |url=https://www.eldiario.es/andalucia/sostenibilidad/codigo-climatico-huella-temperaturas-hecha_0_945256358.html |work=El Diario |date=7 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022062031/https://www.eldiario.es/andalucia/sostenibilidad/codigo-climatico-huella-temperaturas-hecha_0_945256358.html |archive-date=22 October 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="COP25WarmingStripes_20191206">{{cite web |author-last=Englart |author-first=John |author-link=John Englart |title=Kooky the climate activist Kookaburra visits the UNFCCC pavillion [sic]|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/takver/49207825152/ |website=flickr.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219054836/https://www.flickr.com/photos/takver/49207825152/ |archive-date=19 December 2019 |date=6 December 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="LEDN_20190923">{{cite magazine |author-last=Dussert |author-first=Margaux |title=Réchauffement climatique : ce graphique scientifique fait le buzz |language=fr |trans-title=Global warming: this scientific graph is making a buzz |url=https://www.ladn.eu/mondes-creatifs/rechauffement-climatique-graphique-buzz/ |magazine=L'EDN |date=23 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022054104/https://www.ladn.eu/mondes-creatifs/rechauffement-climatique-graphique-buzz/ |archive-date=22 October 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Economist_20190919">{{cite magazine |title=The climate issue |url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2019/09/19/the-climate-issue |magazine=The Economist |date=19 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190919174147/https://www.economist.com/leaders/2019/09/19/the-climate-issue |archive-date=19 September 2019 |url-status=live}} ([https://web.archive.org/web/20190919175326/https://twitter.com/TheEconomist/status/1174631977707855878 archived] announcement).</ref>
<ref name=EnvisionRacing_20231208>{{cite web |title=Envision Racing Launches Iconic Climate Stripes on Race Car at COP28 |url=https://envision-racing.com/envision-racing-launches-iconic-climate-stripes-on-race-car-at-cop28/ |publisher=Envision Racing |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240108231511/https://envision-racing.com/envision-racing-launches-iconic-climate-stripes-on-race-car-at-cop28/ |archive-date=8 January 2024 |date=8 December 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Evertz_2000">{{cite web |author-last=Evertz |author-first=Gabriele |author-link=Gabriele Evertz |title=Double |url=http://www.gabrieleevertz.com/index.html |website=gabrieleevertz.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812050438/http://www.gabrieleevertz.com/index.html |archive-date=12 August 2019 |date=1999–2000 |url-status=live}} (Wikimedia file page)</ref>
<ref name="FashionUnited_20210601">{{cite web |title=800,000 years of data, 1 clear message |url=https://fashionunited.uk/news/fashion/800-000-years-of-data-1-clear-message/2021060155771 |website=FashionUnited.uk |publisher=FashionUnited |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602103726/https://fashionunited.uk/news/fashion/800-000-years-of-data-1-clear-message/2021060155771 |archive-date=2 June 2021 |date=1 June 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="ReadingHydroMural_2021">{{cite web |title=Reading Hydro Murals |url=https://readinghydro.org/mural/ |website=ReadingHydro.org |publisher=Reading Hydro |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206052138/https://readinghydro.org/mural/ |archive-date=6 December 2021 |date=2021 |url-status=live}} (link to image)</ref>
<ref name="FastCompany_20190621">{{cite news |author-last=Peters |author-first=Adele |title=This is one of the simplest and best climate change graphics we've ever seen |url=https://www.fastcompany.com/90367577/this-is-one-of-the-simplest-and-best-climate-change-graphics-weve-ever-seen |work=Fast Company |date=21 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708005912/https://www.fastcompany.com/90367577/this-is-one-of-the-simplest-and-best-climate-change-graphics-weve-ever-seen |archive-date=8 July 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Forbes_20190619">{{cite magazine |author-last=Shepherd |author-first=Marshall |author-link=J. Marshall Shepherd |title=Why TV Meteorologists Will 'Show Their Stripes' For Climate On June 21st |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/marshallshepherd/2019/06/19/why-tv-meteorologists-will-show-their-stripes-for-climate-on-june-21st/ |magazine=Forbes |date=19 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190630004853/https://www.forbes.com/sites/marshallshepherd/2019/06/19/why-tv-meteorologists-will-show-their-stripes-for-climate-on-june-21st/ |archive-date=30 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Forbes_20190624">{{cite magazine |author-last=Shepherd |author-first=Marshall |author-link=J. Marshall Shepherd |title=Why Science For The Public Has To Be Different |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/marshallshepherd/2019/06/24/why-science-for-the-public-has-to-be-different/ |magazine=Forbes |date=24 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190625202435/https://www.forbes.com/sites/marshallshepherd/2019/06/24/why-science-for-the-public-has-to-be-different/ |archive-date=25 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Forbes_20210621">{{cite magazine |author-last=Vetter |author-first=David |title=From Dresses To Electric Cars, Why Are These Stripes All Over Social Media? |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidrvetter/2021/06/21/from-dresses-to-electric-cars-why-are-these-stripes-all-over-social-media/ |magazine=Forbes |date=21 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210622070215/https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidrvetter/2021/06/21/from-dresses-to-electric-cars-why-are-these-stripes-all-over-social-media/ |archive-date=22 June 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="IndiaEdDiary_20220429">{{cite news |author1=IED News Desk |title=University Of Reading: Climate Change Fashion Wins Sustainability Award |url=https://indiaeducationdiary.in/university-of-reading-climate-change-fashion-wins-sustainability-award/ |work=India Education Diary |date=29 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504124218/https://indiaeducationdiary.in/university-of-reading-climate-change-fashion-wins-sustainability-award/ |archive-date=4 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="LondonGazette_20191228">{{London Gazette|issue=62866|supp=y|page=N18|date=28 December 2019}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20191228001436/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/62866/data.pdf Archived] from the original on 28 December 2019.</ref>
<ref name="Mainz_20201007">{{cite web |title=05ER Klimaverteidiger-Woche: Neue Anspruch Durch Neue Berechnung |language=de |trans-title=05ER Climate Defender Week: New Claim Through New Calculation / Warming Stripes as a warning symbol - Continuous further development of the commitment |url=https://www.mainz05.de/news/05er-klimaverteidiger-woche-neuer-anspruch-durch-neue-berechnung/ |website=Mainz05.de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218113832/https://www.mainz05.de/news/05er-klimaverteidiger-woche-neuer-anspruch-durch-neue-berechnung/ |archive-date=18 December 2020 |date=7 October 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Mashable_20200512">{{cite web |author-last=Kaufman |author-first=Mark |title=Face masks show Earth's grim warming trend |url=https://mashable.com/article/face-mask-coronavirus-climate-change/ |website=Mashable |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513193352/https://mashable.com/article/face-mask-coronavirus-climate-change/ |archive-date=13 May 2020 |date=12 May 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Gizmodo_20180525">{{cite web |author-last=Kahn |author-first=Brian |title=This Climate Visualization Belongs in a Damn Museum |url=https://earther.gizmodo.com/this-climate-visualization-belongs-in-a-damn-museum-1826307536 |website=Gizmodo |date=25 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619235512/https://earther.gizmodo.com/this-climate-visualization-belongs-in-a-damn-museum-1826307536 |archive-date=19 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Gizmodo_20190320">{{cite web |author-last=Kahn |author-first=Brian |title=New Climate Change Visualization Presents Two Stark Choices For Our Future |url=https://earther.gizmodo.com/new-climate-change-visualization-presents-two-stark-cho-1833443663 |website=Gizmodo |date=20 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190613130442/https://earther.gizmodo.com/new-climate-change-visualization-presents-two-stark-cho-1833443663 |archive-date=13 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Gizmodo_20190617">{{cite web |author-last=Kahn |author-first=Brian |title=This Striking Climate Change Visualization Is Now Customizable for Any Place on Earth |url=https://earther.gizmodo.com/this-striking-climate-change-visualization-is-now-custo-1835581866 |website=Gizmodo |date=17 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626030105/https://earther.gizmodo.com/this-striking-climate-change-visualization-is-now-custo-1835581866 |archive-date=26 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="IDW_20191202">{{cite news |author-last=Lansnicker |author-first=Colleen |title=Ed Hawkins Warming Stripes on the Roof of the German Maritime Museum |url=https://idw-online.de/de/news728235 |agency=IDW (Informationsdienst Wissenschaft; Scientific Information Service) |date=2 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203061823/https://idw-online.de/de/news728235 |archive-date=3 December 2019 |location=Germany |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="IOPhysics_20211104">{{cite web |title=Aviation's present-day contribution to human-induced global warming is 4% and will increase over the next 30 years |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-11-aviation-present-day-contribution-human-induced-global.html |website=Phys.org |publisher=Institute of Physics |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108095009/https://phys.org/news/2021-11-aviation-present-day-contribution-human-induced-global.html |archive-date=8 January 2022 |date=4 November 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name=JerseyEveningPost_20230924>{{cite news |author1=Newsdesk |title=Climate change denier who damaged St Helier mural loses appeal |url=https://jerseyeveningpost.com/news/2023/09/24/climate-change-denier-who-damaged-st-helier-mural-loses-appeal/ |work=Jersey Evening Post |date=24 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230924151001/https://jerseyeveningpost.com/news/2023/09/24/climate-change-denier-who-damaged-st-helier-mural-loses-appeal/ |archive-date=24 September 2023 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="RSJones_20190701">{{cite web |author-last=Jones |author-first=Richard Selwyn |title=Inspired by @ed_hawkins #ShowYourStripes, here's 50 years of global glacier change! |url=https://twitter.com/selwynox/status/1145685364922880001 |website=twitter.com/selwynox |publisher=Richard Selwyn Jones |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730043404/https://twitter.com/selwynox/status/1145685364922880001/photo/1 |archive-date=2019-07-30 |date=1 July 2019 |url-status=bot: unknown |access-date=2019-07-01 }}(). For temperature graphic Jones cites {{cite journal |author-last1=Morice |author-first1=Colin P. |author-last2=Kennedy |author-first2=John J. |author-last3=Rayner |author-first3=Nick A. |author-last4=Jones |author-first4=Phil Douglas |author-link4=Philip Douglas Jones |title=Quantifying uncertainties in global and regional temperature change using an ensemble of observational estimates: The HadCRUT4 dataset |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research |date=17 April 2012 |volume=117 |issue=D8 |article-number=2011JD017187 |doi=10.1029/2011JD017187 |bibcode=2012JGRD..117.8101M |s2cid=55127614|doi-access=free }} For global glacier retreat graphic, Jones cites {{cite journal |author-last=Zemp |author-first=Michael |title=Global glacier mass changes and their contributions to sea-level rise from 1961 to 2016 |journal=Nature |date=8 April 2019 |volume=568 |issue=7752 |pages=382–386 |doi=10.1038/s41586-019-1071-0 |pmid=30962533 |bibcode=2019Natur.568..382Z |s2cid=102353522 |url=http://doc.rero.ch/record/324673/files/hus_ggm.pdf }}</ref>
<ref name="RSJones_20190708">{{cite web |author-last=Jones |author-first=Richard Selwyn |title=One of the most striking trends – over a century of global-average sea level change. |url=https://twitter.com/selwynox/status/1148154450672050176 |website=twitter.com/selwynox |publisher=Richard Selwyn Jones |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730041359/https://twitter.com/selwynox/status/1148154450672050176 |archive-date=30 July 2019 |date=8 July 2019 |url-status=live}} ([https://web.archive.org/web/20190730042856/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/D-8Li-5WkAIbEcb?format=jpg&name=large link to image]). For sea level change data, Jones cites {{cite journal |author-last1=Church |author-first1=John Alexander |author-link1=John Alexander Church |author-last2=White |author-first2=Neil J. |title=Sea-Level Rise from the Late 19th to the Early 21st Century |journal=Surveys in Geophysics |date=September 2011 |volume=32 |issue=4–5 |pages=585–602 |doi=10.1007/s10712-011-9119-1 |publisher=Springer Netherlands |bibcode=2011SGeo...32..585C |s2cid=129765935|doi-access=free |url=https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Sea-level_rise_from_the_late_19th_to_the_early_21st_Century/22957013/1/files/40694336.pdf }}</ref>
<ref name="LightSound_20200305">{{cite journal |title=Claypaky Xtylos and Warming Stripes |url=https://www.lightsoundjournal.com/2020/03/05/claypaky-xtylos-and-warming-stripes/ |journal=Light and Sound Journal |date=5 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200314050029/https://www.lightsoundjournal.com/2020/03/05/claypaky-xtylos-and-warming-stripes/ |archive-date=14 March 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="MediaMatters_20190625">{{cite news |author-last=Macdonald |author-first=Ted |title=TV meteorologists kicked off the summer by talking about climate change / #MetsUnite and #ShowYourStripes campaign highlighted the importance of climate communication |url=https://www.mediamatters.org/blog/2019/06/25/TV-meteorologists-kicked-off-the-summer-by-talking-about-climate-change/224036 |work=Media Matters |date=25 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626013238/https://www.mediamatters.org/blog/2019/06/25/TV-meteorologists-kicked-off-the-summer-by-talking-about-climate-change/224036 |archive-date=26 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="MetOffice_201909">{{cite web |title=What is climate change? / How fast is the temperature rising? |url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/learn-about/climate-and-climate-change/climate-change/index |website=Met Office |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190927195944/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/learn-about/climate-and-climate-change/climate-change/index |archive-date=27 September 2019 |location=United Kingdom |date=September 2019 |url-status=live}} Climate spiral does not appear in full in archive for some reason; it's before the caption that includes "... The temperature increases as you move away from the centre of the circle."</ref>
<ref name=MOMA_2025>{{cite web |title=Pirouette: Turning Points in Design / January 26, 2025 – October 18, 2025 |url=https://press.moma.org/exhibition/pirouette/ |website=MOMA.org |publisher=Museum of Modern Art |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408194916/https://press.moma.org/exhibition/pirouette/ |archive-date=8 April 2025 |date=October 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="NCAS_2018">{{cite web |title=Ed Hawkins' warming stripes add colour to climate communication |url=https://www.ncas.ac.uk/en/18-news/2935-ed-hawkin-s-warming-stripes-add-colour-to-climate-communication |website=National Centre for Atmospheric Science |date=2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190517104236/https://www.ncas.ac.uk/en/18-news/2935-ed-hawkin-s-warming-stripes-add-colour-to-climate-communication |archive-date=17 May 2019 |location=UK |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="NCAS_20211013">{{cite web |title=Climate Canopy exhibit displays global warming in new light |url=https://ncas.ac.uk/climate-canopy-exhibit-displays-global-warming-in-new-light/ |website=NCAS.ac.uk |publisher=National Centre for Atmospheric Science |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211013164103/https://ncas.ac.uk/climate-canopy-exhibit-displays-global-warming-in-new-light/ |archive-date=13 October 2021 |date=13 October 2021 |url-status=live}} ([https://web.archive.org/web/20211126102755/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2alZLyzS_k archive of related video])</ref>
<ref name="NewAtlas_20190619">{{cite web |author-last=Holloway |author-first=James |title=Global warming: Can these striking charts convince nay-sayers? |url=https://newatlas.com/global-warming-visualization/60210/ |website=newatlas.com |publisher=New Atlas |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190620161815/https://newatlas.com/global-warming-visualization/60210/ |archive-date=20 June 2019 |date=19 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="NewsAU_20180829">{{cite news |author-last=Brook |author-first=Benedict |title='Warming stripes' show how Australia's average temperatures have changed |url=https://www.news.com.au/technology/environment/warming-stripes-show-how-australias-average-temperatures-have-changed/news-story/3e4d898ff05a217548db0b5ba6715961 |work=News.com (Australia) |date=29 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190520035333/https://www.news.com.au/technology/environment/warming-stripes-show-how-australias-average-temperatures-have-changed/news-story/3e4d898ff05a217548db0b5ba6715961 |archive-date=20 May 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="NYTimes_20220617">{{cite news |author-last=Sengupta |author-first=Somini |author-link=:d:Q50284752 |title=The surprising story of 'warming stripes' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/17/climate/climate-warming-stripes.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=17 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220720142845/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/17/climate/climate-warming-stripes.html |archive-date=20 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="NOAAclimate_20190628">{{cite web |author-last=Lindsey |author-first=Rebecca |author-link=:d:Q110971987 |title="Climate stripes" graphics show U.S. trends by state and county |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/climate-stripes-graphics-show-us-trends-state-and-county |website=climate.gov |publisher=NOAA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629193016/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/climate-stripes-graphics-show-us-trends-state-and-county |archive-date=29 June 2019 |date=28 June 2019 |url-status=dead}} Includes Jared Rennie's [https://www.arcgis.com/sharing/rest/content/items/b7031725e4df4e07afcec9b30e9cc8e1/resources/climate_stripes_combo__1561049567716__w1032.jpg temperature-precipitation graphic] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20190708043723/https://www.arcgis.com/sharing/rest/content/items/b7031725e4df4e07afcec9b30e9cc8e1/resources/climate_stripes_combo__1561049567716__w1032.jpg archive]).</ref>
<ref name="NOAA_northern_hemisphere_20190726">{{cite web |title=Climate at a Glance / Global Time Series |url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag/global/time-series/nhem/land_ocean/12/12/1880-2019 |website=ncdc.noaa.gov |publisher=NOAA (National Centers for Environmental Information; National Climatic Data Center) |access-date=26 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726160713/https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag/global/time-series/nhem/land_ocean/12/12/1880-2019 |archive-date=26 July 2019 |date=December 2018 |url-status=live}} Choose 12-Month timescale, December 1880–2019, Northern Hemisphere, Land and Ocean, Plot.</ref>
<ref name="NOAA_southern_hemisphere_20190726">{{cite web |title=Climate at a Glance / Global Time Series |url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag/global/time-series/shem/land_ocean/12/12/1880-2019 |website=ncdc.noaa.gov |publisher=NOAA (National Centers for Environmental Information; National Climatic Data Center) |access-date=26 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726161434/https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag/global/time-series/shem/land_ocean/12/12/1880-2019 |archive-date=26 July 2019 |date=December 2018 |url-status=live}} Choose 12-Month timescale, December 1880–2019, Southern Hemisphere, Land and Ocean, Plot.</ref>
<ref name="NOAA_Global_20190727">{{cite web |title=Climate at a Glance / Global Time Series |url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag/global/time-series/globe/land_ocean/12/12/1880-2019 |website=ncdc.noaa.gov |publisher=NOAA (National Centers for Environmental Information; National Climatic Data Center) |access-date=27 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726160612/https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag/global/time-series/globe/land_ocean/12/12/1880-2019 |archive-date=26 July 2019 |date=December 2018 |url-status=live}} Choose 12-Month timescale, December 1880–2019, Global, Land and Ocean, Plot.</ref>
<ref name="NOAA_Caribbean_20190727">{{cite web |title=Climate at a Glance / Global Time Series |url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag/global/time-series/caribbeanIslands/land_ocean/12/12/1880-2019 |website=ncdc.noaa.gov |publisher=NOAA (National Centers for Environmental Information; National Climatic Data Center) |access-date=27 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727144452/https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag/global/time-series/caribbeanIslands/land_ocean/12/12/1880-2019 |archive-date=27 July 2019 |date=December 2018 |url-status=live}} Choose 12-Month timescale, December 1880–2019, Caribbean Islands, Land and Ocean, Plot.</ref>
<ref name="NOAAsos_20190729">{{cite web |title=Warming Stripes: Global |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/warming-stripes-global/ |website=sos.noaa.gov |date=7 February 2019 |publisher=NOAA (Science on a Sphere) |access-date=29 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729155856/https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/warming-stripes-global/ |archive-date=29 July 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="OceanCoastalMgt_20210523">{{cite journal |author-last1=Timmerman |author-first1=Anouk |author-last2=Haasnoot |author-first2=Marjolijn |author-link2=:d:Q58209156 |author-last3=Middelkoop |author-first3=Hans |author-last4=Bouma |author-first4=Tjeerd |author-last5=McEvoy |author-first5=Sadie |title=Ecological consequences of sea level rise and flood protection strategies in shallow coastal systems: A quick-scan barcoding approach |journal=Ocean & Coastal Management |date=23 May 2021 |volume=210 |article-number=105674 |doi=10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105674 |bibcode=2021OCM...21005674T |doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name="ElPeriodic_20210201">{{cite news |title=El Ayuntamiento de València refuerza el trabajo del Observatorio del Cambio Climático con más presupuesto y personal para incidir en educación, formación y concienciación |language=es |trans-title=The Valencia City Council reinforces the work of the Climate Change Observatory with more budget and staff to influence education, training and awareness |url=https://www.elperiodic.com/valencia/ayuntamiento-valencia-refuerza-trabajo-observatorio-cambio-climatico-presupuesto-personal-para-incidir-educacion-formacion-concienciacion_725287 |work=El Periodic |date=26 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201225208/https://www.elperiodic.com/valencia/ayuntamiento-valencia-refuerza-trabajo-observatorio-cambio-climatico-presupuesto-personal-para-incidir-educacion-formacion-concienciacion_725287 |archive-date=1 February 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Potsdam_20190927">{{cite web |title=Visualisierungswettbewerb "Vis for Future" – das sind die Gewinner*innen |language=de |trans-title=Visualization Competition "Vis for Future" - these are the winners |url=https://www.fh-potsdam.de/informieren/aktuelles/news-detailansicht/artikel/visualisierungswettbewerb-vis-for-future-das-sind-die-gewinnerinnen/ |website=Fachhochschule Potsdam (University of Applied Sciences, Potsdam) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190927203742/https://www.fh-potsdam.de/informieren/aktuelles/news-detailansicht/artikel/visualisierungswettbewerb-vis-for-future-das-sind-die-gewinnerinnen/ |archive-date=27 September 2019 |date=27 September 2019 |url-status=live |trans-quote=Whether global or local - the climatic stripes have managed to make an impact through their innovative, minimalist design and convey a message that is still urgent.}}</ref>
<ref name="ReadingToday_20220810">{{cite news |author-last=Creighton |author-first=Phil |title=Reading Buses teams up with University of Reading to launch climate stripes bus (and yes, it is eco-friendly) |url=https://rdg.today/reading-buses-teams-up-with-university-of-reading-to-launch-climate-stripes-bus-and-yes-it-is-eco-friendly/ |work=Reading Today |date=6 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810042049/https://rdg.today/reading-buses-teams-up-with-university-of-reading-to-launch-climate-stripes-bus-and-yes-it-is-eco-friendly/ |archive-date=10 August 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Republik_20190408">{{cite news |author-last=Schmid |author-first=Simon |title=Die schönste Klimagrafik der Welt |language=de |trans-title=The most beautiful climate graphic in the world |url=https://www.republik.ch/2019/04/08/die-schoenste-klimagrafik-der-welt |work=Republik.ch |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919113631/https://www.republik.ch/2019/04/08/die-schoenste-klimagrafik-der-welt |archive-date=19 September 2020 |date=8 April 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Reuters_20190628">{{cite news |author-last=Filmer-Court |author-first=Charlie |title=Musicians to TV presenters show their stripes as climate campaign goes viral |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-environment-climate-stripes/musicians-to-tv-presenters-show-their-stripes-as-climate-campaign-goes-viral-idUSKCN1TT2SO |work=Reuters |date=28 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190628225859/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-environment-climate-stripes/musicians-to-tv-presenters-show-their-stripes-as-climate-campaign-goes-viral-idUSKCN1TT2SO |archive-date=28 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name=RoyalGeographicalSociety_20240507>{{cite web |title=Society's 2024 medal and award recipients announced |url=https://www.rgs.org/about-us/our-work/latest-news/societys-2024-medal-and-award-recipients-announced |publisher=Royal Geographical Society |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240509044631/https://www.rgs.org/about-us/our-work/latest-news/societys-2024-medal-and-award-recipients-announced |archive-date=9 May 2024 |date=7 May 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name=RMS_20240620>{{cite web |title=Show your stripes 2024: a darker shade of red |url=https://www.rmets.org/metmatters/show-your-stripes-2024-darker-shade-red |publisher=Royal Meteorological Society |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621161447/https://www.rmets.org/metmatters/show-your-stripes-2024-darker-shade-red |archive-date=21 June 2024 |date=20 June 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="RoyalSociety_20190430">{{cite web |title=Our changing climate: learning from the past to inform future choices / Prize lecture |url=https://royalsociety.org/science-events-and-lectures/2019/04/kavli-lecture/ |website=royalsociety.org |publisher=Royal Society |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514183640/https://royalsociety.org/science-events-and-lectures/2019/04/kavli-lecture/ |archive-date=14 May 2019 |location=London |date=30 April 2019 |url-status=live}} Hawkins described his climate spiral and warming stripes graphics in his Kavli prize lecture (video embedded in reference).</ref>
<ref name="SachsenBridge_202204">{{cite web |title=Warming Stripes auf der Sachsenbrücke |language=de |trans-title=Warming stripes on the Sachsen Bridge |url=https://sachsenbruecke.de/ |website=SachsenBruecke.de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220427164824/https://sachsenbruecke.de/ |archive-date=27 April 2022 |date=April 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="ScienceMag_20190626">{{cite journal |author-last=Kintisch |author-first=Eli |author-link=Eli Kintisch |title=New climate 'stripes' reveal how much hotter your hometown has gotten in the past century |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/new-climate-stripes-reveal-how-much-hotter-your-hometown-has-gotten-past-century |journal=Science |date=26 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190627185527/https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/06/new-climate-stripes-reveal-how-much-hotter-your-hometown-has-gotten-past-century |archive-date=27 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="ScienceAlert_20180525">{{cite news |author=Staff, Science AF |title=This Has Got to Be One of The Most Beautiful And Powerful Climate Change Visuals We've Ever Seen |url=https://www.sciencealert.com/this-has-got-to-be-one-of-the-most-beautiful-and-powerful-climate-change-visuals-we-ve-ever-seen |work=Science Alert |date=25 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190628042115/https://www.sciencealert.com/this-has-got-to-be-one-of-the-most-beautiful-and-powerful-climate-change-visuals-we-ve-ever-seen |archive-date=28 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="ShowYourStripes_MainWebPage">{{cite web |title=#ShowYourStripes (main web page) |url=https://showyourstripes.info/ |website=ShowYourStripes.info |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615181147/https://showyourstripes.info/s/globe |archive-date=15 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="ShowYourStripes_FAQpage">{{cite web |title=#ShowYourStripes / FAQ Page |url=https://showyourstripes.info/faq |website=ShowYourStripes.info |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615181147/https://showyourstripes.info/s/globe |archive-date=15 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="SSEC_20201119">{{cite web |author-last=Verbeten |author-first=Eric |title=Through the Atmosphere Fall 2020, The Climate Issue |url=https://www.ssec.wisc.edu/news/articles/13301 |website=SSEC.wisc.edu |publisher=Space Science and Engineering Center |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318101413/https://www.ssec.wisc.edu/news/articles/13301 |archive-date=18 March 2021 |date=19 November 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Spinoff_20180917">{{cite news |author-last=Meduna |author-first=Veronika |author-link=Veronika Meduna |title=The climate visualisations that leave no room for doubt or denial |url=https://thespinoff.co.nz/science/17-09-2018/the-climate-visualisations-that-leave-no-room-for-doubt-or-denial/ |work=The Spinoff |date=17 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190517104250/https://thespinoff.co.nz/science/17-09-2018/the-climate-visualisations-that-leave-no-room-for-doubt-or-denial/ |archive-date=17 May 2019 |location=New Zealand |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Tagesspiegel_20190927">{{cite news |author-last=Wittlich |author-first=Helena |title=Die besten Darstellungen des Klimawandels |language=de |trans-title=The best illustrations of climate change |url=https://digitalpresent.tagesspiegel.de/vis-for-future |work=Tagesspiegel |date=27 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022050111/https://digitalpresent.tagesspiegel.de/vis-for-future |archive-date=22 October 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Talksport_20220725">{{cite web |author-last=Goodwin |author-first=Adam |title=Reading make climate change statement with eye-catching new home kit, which features stripes showing how temperatures are rising over time |url=https://talksport.com/football/efl/1156814/reading-climate-change-home-kit-stripes-temperatures-rising/ |website=Talksport |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725205409/https://talksport.com/football/efl/1156814/reading-climate-change-home-kit-stripes-temperatures-rising/ |archive-date=25 July 2022 |date=25 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Tammam_20210600">{{cite web |title=Climate Stripes 12 Way Dress |url=https://www.tammam.co.uk/rtw/p/stripe-12-way |website=Tammam.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210622170152/https://www.tammam.co.uk/rtw/p/stripe-12-way |archive-date=22 June 2021 |date=22 June 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="TravelWeekly_20200526">{{cite magazine |author-last=Brincks |author-first=Renee |title=Anchorage public art depicts changing temperatures |url=https://www.travelweekly.com/North-America-Travel/Anchorage-public-art-depicts-changing-temperatures |magazine=Travel Weekly |date=26 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604145707/https://www.travelweekly.com/North-America-Travel/Anchorage-public-art-depicts-changing-temperatures |archive-date=4 June 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="UShouseSelCommittee_2019">{{cite web |title=United States House Select Committee on the Climate Crisis / About |url=https://climatecrisis.house.gov/about |website=climatecrisis.house.gov |publisher=United States House of Representatives |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402194738/https://climatecrisis.house.gov/about |archive-date=2 April 2019 |date=2019 |url-status=live}} Crediting Shawna Faison and House Creative Services.</ref>
<ref name="UofReadingWeblogs_201605">{{cite web |title=Global Temperature Change (1850–2016) |url=http://blogs.reading.ac.uk/climate-lab-book/files/2016/05/spiral_optimized.gif |website=Climate Lab Book (files) |publisher=University of Reading |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405233403/http://blogs.reading.ac.uk/climate-lab-book/files/2016/05/spiral_optimized.gif |archive-date=5 April 2019 |date=May 2016 |url-status=live}} (Animated GIF.)</ref>
<ref name="Voila_20191203">{{cite web |author-last=Bugden |author-first=Erica |title=Do you really understand the influential warming stripes? |url=https://www.chezvoila.com/blog/warmingstripes |website=Voilà Information Design |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205172628/https://www.chezvoila.com/blog/warmingstripes |archive-date=5 December 2019 |date=3 December 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Vox_20190530">{{cite news |author-last=Irfan |author-first=Umair |title=Why this climate change data is on flip-flops, leggings, and cars / Warming stripes keep showing up on clothes and crafts |url=https://www.vox.com/2019/3/4/18246245/climate-change-warming-stripes |work=Vox |date=30 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624020854/https://www.vox.com/2019/3/4/18246245/climate-change-warming-stripes |archive-date=24 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="WashPost_20160510">{{cite news |author-last=Samenow |author-first=Jason |author-link=Jason Samenow |title=Unraveling spiral: The most compelling global warming visualization ever made |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2016/05/10/the-most-compelling-visual-of-global-warming-ever-made/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=10 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222013000/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2016/05/10/the-most-compelling-visual-of-global-warming-ever-made/ |archive-date=22 February 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="WashPost_20180621">{{cite news |author-last=Samenow |author-first=Jason |author-link=Jason Samenow |title=Why are more than 100 television meteorologists around the world wearing this tie? |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2018/06/21/why-are-over-100-television-meteorologists-around-the-world-wearing-this-tie/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=21 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624025039/http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2018/06/21/why-are-over-100-television-meteorologists-around-the-world-wearing-this-tie/|archive-date=24 June 2018 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription}}</ref>
<ref name="WashPost_20190621">{{cite news |author-last=Cappucci |author-first=Matthew |title=Show your stripes: These striking graphics that portray a warming climate are available for countries and regions |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2019/06/21/show-your-stripes-these-striking-graphics-that-portray-warming-climate-are-available-countries-regions/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=21 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190623094343/https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2019/06/21/show-your-stripes-these-striking-graphics-that-portray-warming-climate-are-available-countries-regions/ |archive-date=23 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="WooleyWallis_20191121">{{cite web |title=Vase Inspired by Viral Climate Change Graphic |url=https://www.woolleyandwallis.co.uk/news/news/vase-inspired-by-viral-climate-change-graphic/ |website=WoolleyandWallis.co.uk |publisher=Woolley and Wallis (auctioneer) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118103432/https://www.woolleyandwallis.co.uk/news/news/vase-inspired-by-viral-climate-change-graphic/ |archive-date=18 January 2021 |date=21 November 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name=WorldBank_20221017>{{cite web |title=Climate Explainer Series |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2022/10/17/what-you-need-to-know-about-food-security-and-climate-change |publisher=World Bank |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240430060205/https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2022/10/17/what-you-need-to-know-about-food-security-and-climate-change |archive-date=30 April 2024 |date=17 October 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="WMO_20190620">{{cite web |title=Show Your Stripes |url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/media/news/show-your-stripes-0 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218181703/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/media/news/show-your-stripes-0 |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 December 2023 |website=public.wmo.int |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |date=20 June 2019 }}</ref>
<ref name="WMO_20210621">{{cite web |title=Warming stripes show that climate change is here and now |url=https://wmo.int/media/news/warming-stripes-show-climate-change-here-and-now |website=WMO.int |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |date=21 June 2021 }}</ref>
<ref name="Wunderground_20190619">{{cite web |author-last=Henson |author-first=Bob |author-link=Robert Henson |title=Show Your Stripes: Iconic Global Warming Imagery Goes Local |url=https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/Show-Your-Stripes-Iconic-Global-Warming-Imagery-Goes-Local |website=wunderground.com |publisher=Weather Underground |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621221229/https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/Show-Your-Stripes-Iconic-Global-Warming-Imagery-Goes-Local |archive-date=21 June 2019 |date=20 June 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="ZeitTT_20191212">{{cite news |author-last=Mack |author-first=Markus |title=Dieser selbst gestrickte Schal zeigt, wie sehr sich die Erde in 138 Jahren erwärmt hat |language=de |trans-title=This self-knitted scarf shows how much the earth has warmed in 138 years |url=https://ze.tt/dieser-selbst-gestrickte-schal-zeigt-wie-sehr-sich-die-erde-in-138-jahren-erwaermt-hat/ |work=ze.tt (Zeit Online partner) |date=12 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214055120/https://ze.tt/dieser-selbst-gestrickte-schal-zeigt-wie-sehr-sich-die-erde-in-138-jahren-erwaermt-hat/ |archive-date=14 December 2019 |location=Germany |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="HERKA_2022">{{cite web |title=Klimatuch 2214: Durchschnittliche Temperaturveränderung von 1850 bis 2021 / Jede Linie steht für ein Jahr / Global temperature change - So sieht die Klimaerwärmung aus! Velourqualität, 500g/m², 100% Baumwolle |language=de |trans-title=Climate towel 2214: Average temperature difference from 1850 to 2021 / Every line represents one year - This is how climate change looks like! Velour quality, 500g/m², 100% pure cotton |work=HERKA Frottier |publisher=Herka GmbH |location=Kautzen, Austria |department=Neuheiten |date=2022 |url=https://www.herka-frottier.at/shop/neuheiten-2021/klimatuch/ |access-date=2023-01-12 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230112000655/https://www.herka-frottier.at/shop/neuheiten-2021/klimatuch/ |archive-date=2023-01-12}}</ref> }}
==Further reading== * {{cite news |author-last=Hawkins |author-first=Ed |author-link=Ed Hawkins (climatologist) |title=The story behind the viral graphic that electrified the climate movement |url=https://www.fastcompany.com/90405797/the-story-behind-the-viral-graphic-that-electrified-the-climate-movement |work=Fast Company |date=20 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190921041243/https://www.fastcompany.com/90405797/the-story-behind-the-viral-graphic-that-electrified-the-climate-movement |archive-date=21 September 2019 |url-status=live}} * {{cite journal |last1=Hawkins |first1=Ed |last2=Williams |first2=Richard G. |last3=Young |first3=Paul J. |last4=Berardelli |first4=Jeff |last5=Burgess |first5=Samantha N. |last6=Highwood |first6=Ellie |last7=Randel |first7=William |last8=Roussenov |first8=Vassil |last9=Smith |first9=Doug |last10=Placky |first10=Bernadette Woods |title=Warming Stripes Spark Climate Conversations: From the Ocean to the Stratosphere |journal=Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society |volume=6 |issue=5 |date=1 May 2025 |pages=E964–E970 |doi=10.1175/BAMS-D-24-0212.1 |bibcode=2025BAMS..106E.964H }} — historical summary, applications, scientific underpinnings * {{cite web |author-last=Rennie |author-first=Jared |title=Annual United States Climate Stripes: Temperature and Precipitation |url=https://ncsu.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=a414fcbe90fb4dedaab06a8abf12b1a0 |website=ArcGIS |publisher=North Carolina State University <!-- |access-date=10 September 2019 --> }} — clickable map of warming stripes for each county in 48 contiguous US states * {{cite journal |author-last1=Windhager |author-first1=Florian |author-last2=Schreder |author-first2=Günther |author-last3=Mayr |author-first3=Eva |title=On Inconvenient Images: Exploring the Design Space of Engaging Climate Change Visualizations for Public Audiences |journal=Workshop on Visualisation in Environmental Sciences (EnvirVis) |date=2019 |page=8 |doi=10.2312/envirvis.20191098 |url=https://www.academia.edu/39733782 |publisher=The Eurographics Association |isbn=978-3-03868086-4}} — Survey of climate change visualizations
==External links== {{commons category}} * [https://showyourstripes.info/ ShowYourStripes.info] — warming stripes portraying ''historical'' data for multiple locations *''[https://www.moma.org/audio/4676 Ed Hawkins. Warming Stripes, 1850-2023. 2018–ongoing]'' MoMA audio narrated by Hawkins {{Global warming|state=collapsed}}
Category:Climate change in art Category:Climate communication Category:Climatology Category:Climate and weather statistics Category:Scientific visualization Category:Data and information visualization Category:Collection of the Museum of Modern Art (New York City)