{{Short description|English composer}} {{about|the composer|the footballer|Walter Leigh (footballer)}} {{EngvarB|date=November 2017}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2017}} '''Walter Leigh''' (22 June 1905{{spaced ndash}}12 June 1942) was an English composer. Leigh is best known for his Concertino for harpsichord and string orchestra, written in 1934. Other famous works include the overture ''Agincourt'' and ''The Frogs of Aristophanes'' for chorus and orchestra. He wrote music for documentary films and there is an unfinished sketch for a symphony.<ref name=g>Jack Westrup, rev. Kenrick Dance: [https://doi-org.lonlib.idm.oclc.org/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.16343 'Leigh, Walter', in ''Grove Music Online'' (2001)]</ref>
==Career== Walter Leigh was born in Wimbledon. His first teacher was Harold Darke, with whom he worked from the age of eight until he was seventeen. He went to Christ's College, Cambridge, studying composition with Cyril Rootham and graduating in 1926. For two years thereafter, he studied composition under Paul Hindemith at the Berlin Hochschule für Musik.
In 1930, Leigh declined a teaching job and set about earning a living by accepting small commissions and becoming increasingly involved with the theatre. With V.C. Clinton-Baddeley he wrote a pantomime for the Festival Theatre at Cambridge, and two comic operas, the second of which, ''Jolly Roger'', ran for six months at the Savoy Theatre in London, with a cast headed by George Robey. He composed an elaborate score for Basil Wright's documentary film ''The Song of Ceylon'' and the concert overture ''Agincourt'', commissioned by the BBC in celebration of King George V's Silver Jubilee. The Harpsichord Concertino is one of a number of chamber works of the period: Grove describes it as an elegant and concise work, more French than German in its spare-noted neo-classicism, the keyboard writing showing signs of Ravel's influence.<ref name=g/>
For the Cambridge production of ''The Frogs'' in 1936, Leigh produced another score precision-made for the occasion. The music for ''A Midsummer Night's Dream'' was written for an open-air schools performance at Weimar in 1936; it is scored for flute, clarinet, trumpet, strings and harpsichord. ''Music for String Orchestra'' is a work written sympathetically for amateurs in four movements: ''Adagio – Vivo – Lento – Allegro''. The only other major commission Leigh undertook before the outbreak of war was to produce the music for Herbert Farjeon's intimate revue ''Nine Sharp'' (1938).<ref name=chan/>
Leigh typically required external stimulus to motivate his composition, and has been described as "a craftsman-composer of a type more common in the 18th century than the 20th century...almost all his music was written for immediate use".<ref name=chan>[https://www.chandos.net/composers/Walter_Leigh/79204 Walter Leigh biography, Chandos Records]</ref>
The majority of the orchestral and chamber works have been recorded on the Lyrita and Dutton Epoch labels.<ref>Hugo Cole. [https://www.wyastone.co.uk/leigh-concertino-for-harpsichord-overture-agincourt.html Notes to Lyrita CD SRCS.126 (2007)].</ref> The piano music and some art songs were recorded on the Tremula label. The Harpsichord Concertino was recorded by Kathleen Long in 1946 using a piano.<ref name=chan/>
== Death == In 1941, during the Second World War, he joined the British Army and served as a trooper with the Royal Armoured Corps, 4th Queen's Own Hussars. He was killed in action near Tobruk, Libya in 1942, just before his 37th birthday, leaving a widow, Marion, and three children, Julian, Veronica and Andrew, who had been sent to Canada to escape the London Blitz.<ref>[http://www.cwgc.org/find-war-dead/casualty/2162659 'Walter Leigh', Commonwealth War Graves Commission]</ref>
An obituary in ''The Times'' credits Leigh as being "the first British composer to undertake a complete study of the many problems relating to the sound-track in the production of films", and cites the score for ''The Song of Ceylon'' as "a classic example of the creative use of music and sound in relation to the visuals on the screen."<ref name="TimesObit-25Aug">{{cite news |date=25 August 1942 |title=Obituary – Lance-Corporal Walter Leigh |url=http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/infomark.do?&source=gale&prodId=TTDA&userGroupName=oxfshlib&tabID=T003&docPage=article&searchType=&docId=CS103496473&type=multipage&contentSet=LTO&version=1.0 |accessdate=23 September 2013 |newspaper=The Times |page=6}} {{subscription required}}</ref>
==Compositions== ;Stage * ''Aladdin, or Love Will Find Out the Way'' (1931); pantomime * ''The Pride of the Regiment, or Cashiered for His Country'' (1932); comic operetta; book by Scobie Mackenzie and V.C. Clinton-Baddeley * ''Jolly Roger, or The Admiral's Daughter'' (1933); comic opera in 3 Acts; book by Scobie Mackenzie and V.C. Clinton-Baddeley; premièred at the Savoy Theatre * ''Victoria Regina'' (1935); premièred at the Broadhurst Theatre on Broadway * ''Nine Sharp'' (1938); musical revue * ''The Little Revue'' (1939)
;Incidental music * ''Charlemagne'' (1935); music for the radio play * ''The Frogs'' (1936); incidental music for the play by Aristophanes; Oxford University Press * ''A Midsummer Night's Dream'' (1936); incidental music for the William Shakespeare comedy
;Orchestra * ''Music for String Orchestra'' (1931); Wilhelm Hansen Verlag; Kalmus Music * ''Three Pieces'' for Amateur Orchestra (1929) * ''Agincourt'', ''"Jubilee Overture"'' for Orchestra (1935); Oxford University Press
;Concertante * Concertino for Harpsichord (or Piano) and String Orchestra (1934); Oxford University Press; Kalmus Music
;Chamber music * ''Reverie'' for Violin and Piano (1922) * ''Romance'' for 2 Violins, Viola, Cello and Piano * ''Student String Quartet'' (1929) * ''Three Movements for String Quartet'' (1929); Wilhelm Hansen Verlag * ''Sonatina'' for Viola and Piano (1930); Comus Edition * ''Trio'' for Flute, Oboe and Piano (1935); Oxford University Press * ''Sonatina'' for Treble Recorder (or Flute) and Piano (1939); Edition Schott * ''Air'' for Treble Recorder and Piano; Forsyth Brothers Ltd.
;Piano * ''Three Machine Dances'' (1924) * Piano Sonata (1925–26) * ''Music for Three Pianos'' (1932) * ''Eclogue'' for Piano (1940); Banks Music Publication * ''Three Waltzes'' for 2 Pianos * ''Polka'' for Piano * ''Five Playtime Pieces''; Animus Music Publishing * ''Piano Album'' for Piano (1929)
; Vocal * ''Peculiar Noises'' for Voice and Piano (1938); words by Herbert Farjeon * ''The Three Roundels''; words by Dorothy Frances Bloomfield
; Film music * ''His Lordship'' (1932) * ''The Song of Ceylon'' (1934) * ''Pett and Pott: A Fairy Story of the Suburbs'' (1934) * ''The Face of Scotland'' (1938) * ''Man of the Alps'' (1939) * ''Squadron 992'' (1939) * ''Table d'Hote'' (1939); for television * ''The Fourth Estate: A Film of a British Newspaper'' (1940)
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== *{{IMDb name|0500309|Walter Leigh}} *[http://www.cecilia-uk.org/html/search/verb/GetRecord/450 Walter Leigh: directory of manuscripts] *[http://www.oup.co.uk/hirecat/Leigh/ Oxford University Press: Walter Leigh] *[https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/scope/documents/2004/may-2004/sexton.pdf Article by Jamie Sexton on Basil Wright & Walter Leigh's use of sound in the film ''The Song of Ceylon''] *{{IMSLP|id=Leigh, Walter}} *[https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/composer-walter-leigh-whose-work-jolly-roger-a-musical-news-photo/3348044 Walter Leigh with his fiance Marion Blandford in 1933], Getty Images
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Leigh, Walter}} Category:1905 births Category:1942 deaths Category:20th-century English classical composers Category:20th-century English male composers Category:4th Queen's Own Hussars soldiers Category:British Army personnel killed in World War II Category:English film score composers Category:English light music composers Category:English male classical composers Category:English male film score composers Category:Military personnel from the London Borough of Merton Category:Pupils of Paul Hindemith Category:Royal Armoured Corps soldiers Category:People from Wimbledon, London