{{mi| {{Expand German|topic=bio}} {{More citations needed|date=October 2007}} }} {{Short description|German writer (1929–2007)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}} {{Infobox writer | name = Walter Kempowski | image = Walter Kempowski Barocksaal Rostock.jpg | birth_date = {{birth-date|29 April 1929}} | death_date = {{death-date and age|5 October 2007|29 April 1929}} | birth_place = Rostock, Germany | death_place = Rotenburg an der Wümme, Germany | occupation = {{flatlist| * Writer * chronicler * historian }} | notable_works = {{ubl|''German Chronicle'' (1993–2005)|''Swansong 1945'' (2014)|''All for Nothing'' (2015)|''Homeland'' (2018)}} | signature = Kempowski signatur.JPG }} '''Walter Kempowski''' ({{IPA|de|ˈvaltɐ kɛmˈpɔfskiː|-|De-Walter Kempowski.ogg}}; 29 April 1929 – 5 October 2007<ref name="bloomberg">{{cite web| last=Donahue |first= Patrick |date=5 October 2007 |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601100&sid=asCg2REe5kn0 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019174210/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=asCg2REe5kn0 |archive-date=19 October 2012 |title=German Writer, Chronicler Walter Kempowski Dies at Age 78 | publisher=Bloomberg.com |access-date=5 October 2007}}</ref><ref name="iht">{{cite web |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/10/05/arts/EU-A-E-BKS-Germany-Obit-Kempowski.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009221004/http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/10/05/arts/EU-A-E-BKS-Germany-Obit-Kempowski.php |archive-date=9 October 2007 |title=German author Walter Kempowski dies of cancer at 78 |date=5 October 2007 |work=International Herald Tribune|publisher=Associated Press |access-date=5 October 2007}}</ref><ref>[http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/119265.html "German author Walter Kempowski dies"]. 5 October 2007. EARTHtimes.org. Last accessed 5 October 2007.{{dead link|date=April 2020|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>) was a German writer. Kempowski was known for his series of novels called ''German Chronicle'' ("Deutsche Chronik") and the monumental ''Echolot'' ("Sonar"), a collage of autobiographical reports, letters and other documents by contemporary witnesses of the Second World War.
==Life==
===Childhood (1929–39)=== Kempowski was born in Rostock.<ref name="bloomberg" /> His father, Karl Georg Kempowski, was a shipping company owner and his mother, Margarethe Kempowski, née Collasius,<ref>Stockhorst, Stefanie (2010). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=QJt32-N_xSAC&dq=%22walter+kempowski%22+collasius&pg=PA427 Exemplarische Befindlichkeiten: Walter Kempowskis ''Deutsche Chronik'' als literarisierte Familiengeschichte und bürgerlicher Erinnerungsort]" (in German), in Lutz Hagestedt (ed.), ''Walter Kempowski: Bürgerliche Repräsentanz, Erinnerungskultur, Gegenwartsbewältigung''. Berlin: De Gruyter. pp. 423–442 [427].</ref> was the daughter of a Hamburg merchant.<ref name="Gale">"Walter Kempowski." ''Gale Literature: Contemporary Authors''. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2018. Retrieved via ''Gale In Context: Biography'' database, 19 April 2020. Online version available via ''[https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/kempowski-walter-1929 Encyclopedia.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615101033/https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/kempowski-walter-1929 |date=15 June 2020 }}''.</ref><ref name="Independent">Childs, David (11 October 2007). "[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/walter-kempowski-394609.html Walter Kempowski: Chronicler of German life] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731165327/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/walter-kempowski-394609.html |date=31 July 2020 }}". ''The Independent''. Retrieved 19 April 2020.</ref> In 1935 Kempowski began attending St. Georg School; in 1939, he transferred to the local high school ("Realgymnasium").
===During World War II (1939–45)=== As a teenager, Kempowski, who was unathletic and had acquired a taste for American jazz and swing music through his older brother, chafed under compulsory service in the Hitler Youth, and was transferred into a penalty unit (''Strafeinheit'') of the organization.<ref name="br-online">"[https://www.br.de/fernsehen/ard-alpha/sendungen/alpha-forum/walter-kempowski-gespraech100.html Walter Kempowski Schriftsteller im Gespräch mit Corinna Benning] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725220740/https://www.br.de/fernsehen/ard-alpha/sendungen/alpha-forum/walter-kempowski-gespraech100.html |date=25 July 2020 }}" (in German). Bayerischer Rundfunk. br.de. Interview of Walter Kempowski by Corinna Benning, 30 December 1998. Retrieved 19 April 2020.</ref> In early 1945 he was drafted into the Flakhelfer, the youth auxiliary of the Luftwaffe, serving in a special unit that performed courier functions. Kempowski's father, who had volunteered for military service at the beginning of the war, only to be turned away because of his membership in the Freemasons,<ref name="br-online" /> was accepted for service in summer 1940, and died in combat on 26 April 1945.
===Postwar=== In the immediate postwar period, Kempowski worked for the U.S. Army in Wiesbaden, in the American zone of Allied-occupied Germany. In March 1948, during a visit to his home city of Rostock, in the Soviet zone, in what would later become communist East Germany, he was arrested by Soviet authorities and accused of spying for the U.S.<ref name="NYT">{{cite web |last=Eickelpasch |first=Tobias |title=Walter Kempowski, German Author and Diarist, Dies at 78 |work=The New York Times |date=11 October 2007 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/11/arts/11kempowski-backf-obt-12-04.html |access-date=24 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="iht" /> Convicted by a Soviet military tribunal and sentenced to 25 years,<ref name="NYT" /> he served eight years in a prison in Bautzen, and was released in 1956.<ref name="iht" />
In West Germany he became a teacher in Breddorf (as of 1960), in {{Interlanguage link multi|Nartum|de}} (as of 1965) and in Zeven (between 1975 and 1979).
Kempowski died of intestinal cancer, aged 78, in Rotenburg on 5 October 2007.<ref name="NYT" />thumb|Walter Kempowski
==Works==
Kempowski's first success as an author was the autobiographic novel ''Tadellöser & Wolff'', in which he described his youth in Nazi Germany from the viewpoint of a well-off middle-class family.<ref name="bloomberg"/> In several more books he completed the story of his family from the early 20th century into the late 1950s.
Between 1993 and 2005, he published his enormous chronicle ''Das Echolot'', a collection and collage of documents by people of many kinds living in the circumstances of war. The ten-volume work consists of thousands of personal documents, letters, newspaper reports, and autobiographical accounts that he began collecting in the 1980s and which he referred to as a "small library of the nameless".<ref name="NYT"/><ref name="London-Times">{{cite news |title =Walter Kempowski| work =The Times| date=30 October 2007| url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article2766322.ece | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524043400/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article2766322.ece |archive-date=24 May 2011 |access-date =30 October 2007 |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fritzsche |first=Peter |date=2002 |title=Walter Kempowski's Collection |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/4547186 |journal=Central European History |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=257–267 |doi=10.1163/15691610260420683 |jstor=4547186 |s2cid=145479664 |archive-date=4 November 2022 |access-date=4 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104192911/https://www.jstor.org/stable/4547186 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref> The documents are now deposited in the archive of the Academy of Arts, Berlin.<ref name="London-Times"/> The last volume of ''Das Echolot'' was translated into English by Shaun Whiteside under the title ''Swansong 1945: A Collective Diary from Hitler's Birthday to VE Day'' (Granta, 2014).
Shortly before Kempowski's death, journalist Peer Teuwsen asked the author why he collected nearly 3.5 million pieces of paper on the Holocaust. Kempowski replied: <blockquote>"I've got this thing for specific details. It never means anything to me when people say that three or four million people were gassed. But when I hear that an SS man in Dachau tortured poor Pastor Schneider, things that are long forgotten but that have been documented – I can get a picture of the monstrous horrors. The very idea of wiping out an entire people, pure madness. And all that time I was sitting in the parlour on a rug, playing with little cars."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Walter Kempowski, Peer Teuwsen: "Richness, beauty, horror" (15/08/2007) |url=http://www.signandsight.com/features/1481.html |access-date=2022-11-04 |website=www.signandsight.com}}</ref></blockquote>
==List of works== * ''Im Block. Ein Haftbericht''. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1969. * ''Tadellöser & Wolff. Ein bürgerlicher Roman''. Munich: Hanser, 1971. (=''An Ordinary Youth'', translated by Michael Lipkin, London: Granta Books, 2023. {{ISBN|978-1783788842}}.) * ''Uns gehts ja noch gold. Roman einer Familie''. Munich: Hanser, 1972. * ''Haben Sie Hitler gesehen? Deutsche Antworten''. Munich: Hanser, 1973 (=''Did you ever see Hitler?: German answers'', translated by Michael Roloff, with a preface by Helen Wolff, postscript by Sebastian Haffner, New York: Avon Books, 1975. {{ISBN|0-380-00519-0}}). * ''Der Hahn im Nacken. Mini-Geschichten''. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1973. * ''Immer so durchgemogelt. Erinnerungen an unsere Schulzeit''. Munich: Hanser, 1974. * ''Ein Kapitel für sich''. Munich: Hanser, 1975. * ''Alle unter einem Hut. Über 170 witzige und amüsante Alltagsminiminigeschichten''. Bayreuth: Loewe, 1976. * ''Wer will unter die Soldaten?'', Munich: Hanser, 1976. * ''Aus großer Zeit''. Hamburg: Knaus, 1978 (=''Days of greatness'', translated by Leila Vennewitz, London: Secker & Warburg, 1982 {{ISBN|0-436-23290-1}}). * ''Haben Sie davon gewußt? Deutsche Antworten''. Hamburg: Knaus, 1979. * ''Unser Böckelmann''. Hamburg: Knaus, 1979 * ''Kempowskis einfache Fibel''. Brunswick: Westermann, 1980. * ''Schöne Aussicht''. Hamburg: Knaus. 1981. * ''Beethovens Fünfte. Moin Vaddr läbt''. Radio plays. Hamburg: Knaus, 1982. * ''Herrn Böckelmanns schönste Tafelgeschichten nach dem ABC geordnet''. Hamburg: Knaus, 1983. * ''Herzlich willkommen''. Munich: Knaus, 1984. * ''Haumiblau. 208 Pfenniggeschichten für Kinder''. Munich: Bertelsmann, 1986. * ''Hundstage''. Munich: Knaus, 1988 (=''Dog days'', Norma S. Davis, Garold N. Davis, and Alan F. Keele (trls.), Columbia, SC: Camden House, c1991. {{ISBN|0-938100-78-5}}.) * ''Sirius. Eine Art Tagebuch''. Munich: Knaus, 1990 * ''Mark und Bein. Eine Episode'' (translated into English as ''Marrow and Bone'', see below). Munich: Knaus, 1991. * ''Das Echolot. Ein kollektives Tagebuch Januar und Februar 1943''. 4 vols. Munich: Knaus, 1993. * ''Der arme König von Opplawur. Ein Märchen''. Munich: Knaus, 1994. * ''Der Krieg geht zu Ende. Chronik für Stimmen – Januar bis Mai 1945''. Radio play. Stuttgart 1995. * ''Weltschmerz. Kinderszenen fast zu ernst''. Munich: Knaus, 1995. * ''Bloomsday '97''. Munich: Knaus, 1997. * ''Heile Welt''. Munich: Knaus, 1998. * ''Die deutsche Chronik''. 9 vols. Munich: Knaus, 1999. * ''Das Echolot. Fuga furiosa. Ein kollektives Tagebuch Winter 1945''. 4 vols. Munich: Knaus, 1999. * ''Walter Kempowski liest »Tadellöser & Wolff«''. Audio book. Georgsmarienhütte: CPO, 2001. * ''Alkor. Tagebuch 1989''. Munich: Knaus, 2001. * ''Der rote Hahn. Dresden 1945''. Munich: Knaus, 2001. * ''Das Echolot. Barbarossa '41. Ein kollektives Tagebuch''. Munich: Knaus, 2002. * ''Walter Kempowski liest »Aus großer Zeit«''. Audio book. Georgsmarienhütte: CPO, 2003. * ''Letzte Grüße''. Munich: Knaus, 2003. * ''Das 1. Album. 1981–1986''. Frankfurt a.M. 2004. * ''Walter Kempowski liest »Schöne Aussicht«''. Audio book. Georgsmarienhütte: CPO, 2004. * ''Das Echolot. Abgesang 45. Ein kollektives Tagebuch'' (=''Swansong'', see below). Munich: Knaus, 2005 * ''Culpa. Notizen zum Echolot''. Munich: Knaus, 2005. * ''Hamit. Tagebuch 1990''. Munich: Knaus, 2006. * ''Alles umsonst'' (=''All for Nothing'', see below). Munich: Knaus, 2006. * ''Walter Kempowski/Uwe Johnson: Der Briefwechsel''. Berlin: Transit, 2006. {{ISBN|978-3-88747-214-6}}. * ''Swansong 1945: A Collective Diary of the Last Days of the Third Reich'' [''Das Echolot. Abgesang 45. Ein kollektives Tagebuch'']. Translated by Shaun Whiteside. New York: W.W. Norton, 2015. {{ISBN|978-0-393-24815-9}}. * ''All for Nothing'' [''Alles umsonst'']. Translated by Anthea Bell. London: Granta Books, 2015. {{ISBN|978-1-84708-720-1}}. * ''Marrow and Bone'' [''Mark und Bein'']. Translated by Charlotte Collins, originally translated under the title ''Homeland''. London: Granta Books, 2018. {{ISBN|978-1-78378-352-6}}.<ref>Arn, Jackson (17 April 2020). "[https://forward.com/culture/444065/in-a-masterful-novel-of-fascism-harrowing-lessons-for-today/ In a masterful novel of fascism, harrowing lessons for today] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420220253/https://forward.com/culture/444065/in-a-masterful-novel-of-fascism-harrowing-lessons-for-today/ |date=20 April 2020 }}". ''The Forward''. Retrieved 19 April 2020.</ref>
== Filmography == *''Tadellöser & Wolff'', directed by {{ill|Eberhard Fechner|de}} (1975, TV film, based on the novel ''Tadellöser & Wolff'') *''{{ill|Ein Kapitel für sich|de|3=Ein Kapitel für sich (Film)}}'', directed by {{ill|Eberhard Fechner|de}} (1979, TV miniseries, based on the novel ''{{Ill|Ein Kapitel für sich (novel)|de|3=Ein Kapitel für sich (Roman)|lt=Ein Kapitel für sich}}'') *''Herzlich willkommen'', directed by Hark Bohm (1990, based on the novel ''Herzlich willkommen'')
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== *[https://archiv.adk.de/bigobjekt/37026 Guide to the Walter Kemposki Archive] (in German), at the Academy of Arts, Berlin *[https://www.kempowski-stiftung.de/ Kempowski Stiftung Haus Kreienhoop] (in German), website of a foundation established by Kempowski, which encompasses his home (Haus Kreienhoop) in Nartum *[http://www.signandsight.com/features/1481.html 2007 Interview] with Kempowski at ''Sign and Sight''.
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kempowski, Walter}} Category:1929 births Category:2007 deaths Category:People from Rostock Category:Writers from Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Category:Academic staff of the University of Oldenburg Category:Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany Category:Deaths from colorectal cancer in Germany Category:Academic staff of the University of Rostock Category:German male novelists Category:20th-century German novelists Category:20th-century German male writers Category:Luftwaffenhelfer Category:Hitler Youth members Category:Lower Saxony State Prize recipients