Indian locomotive class WAP-7

{{Short description|Indian Railway passenger class electric locomotive}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}}{{Use Indian English|date=May 2019}} {{Infobox locomotive | name = WAP-7 | image = BZA WAP7.jpg | imagesize = | caption = Vijayawada based WAP-7 at BZA ELS. | powertype = Electric | builder = * Chittaranjan Locomotive Works, * Banaras Locomotive Works, * Patiala Locomotive Works | builddate = 1999–2023 (CLW) 2016–present (BLW) 2017–present (PLW) | totalproduction = 2241 as of May 2026 | gauge = {{Track gauge|5ft6in|lk=on}} | bogies = Co-Co, Fabricated Flexicoil Mark IV bogies; bogie wheelbase {{convert|1850|mm|in|abbr=on|frac=8}} + {{convert|1850|mm|in|abbr=on|frac=8}} | wheeldiameter = {{convert|1092|mm|in|abbr=on|frac=8}} new, {{convert|1016|mm|in|abbr=on|frac=8}} worn | wheelbase = {{convert|15700|mm|ftin|abbr=on|frac=8}} | over couplers = | over bufferbeams = {{convert|20562|mm|ftin|abbr=on|frac=8}} | body = | width = {{convert|3152|mm|ftin|abbr=on|frac=8}} | height = {{convert|5235|mm|ftin|abbr=on|frac=8}} | length = {{convert|20.62|m|ftin|abbr=on|frac=8}} | pantodown = {{convert|4255|mm|ftin|abbr=on|frac=8}} | bodyonly =  | axleload = '''WAP 7''' {{convert|20.5|t|abbr=on}}<ref name="auto">{{cite web | url=https://irfca.org/faq/faq-loco2e.html | title=[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ - AC Electric Locomotives }}</ref>

'''WAP 7HS''' {{convert|18.08|t|abbr=on}}{{cn|date=October 2025}}

'''WAP 7AD''' {{convert|20.5|t|abbr=on}}<ref name="auto">{{cite web | url=https://irfca.org/faq/faq-loco2e.html | title=[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ - AC Electric Locomotives }}</ref> | locoweight = {{convert|123|t|abbr=on}}<ref name="auto"/> | powersupply = 3-phase 2180 V 50 Hz | electricsystem = 25 kV 50 Hz AC Overhead | collectionmethod = Pantograph | tractionmotors = 6FRA 6068 3-phase squirrel-cage induction motors {{convert|850|kW|abbr=on}}, 2180 V, 1283/2484 rpm, 270/310A; Weight-{{convert|2100|kg|abbr=on}}, forced-air ventilation, axle-hung, nose-suspended; Torque {{convert|6330|-|7140|Nm|abbr=on}} ~88% efficiency. | transmission = Electric | gear ratio = '''WAP 7''' 72:20 '''WAP 7HS''' 70:22 '''WAP 7AD''' 175:20 | locobrakes = Air and regenerative | trainbrakes = Air | maxspeed = {{convert|140|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (WAP-7) {{convert|160|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (WAP-7HS) {{convert|180|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (WAP-7AD) Potential speed: {{convert|200|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (WAP-7AD) {{convert|180|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (WAP-7HS) {{convert|155|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (WAP-7) | poweroutput = Max Power : {{convert|6350|HP|kW|abbr=on}} Continuous: {{convert|6120|HP|kW|2|abbr=on}} | tractiveeffort = Starting: {{convert|322.4|kN|lbf|abbr=on}} Continuous: {{convert|228|kN|lbf|abbr=on}} at 71 km/h | operator = Indian Railways | fleetnumbers = * '''30201-30829''' CLW * '''37001-37999''' & '''45000+''' BLW * '''39000+''' PLW | firstrundate = 19 May 2000 | nicknames = | locale = All over India }}

The '''Indian locomotive class WAP-7''' is a class of 25 kV AC electric locomotives that was developed in 1999 by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW) for Indian Railways. Its class designation denotes a broad gauge (W) alternating current (A) passenger (P) locomotive of the 7th generation (7). They entered service in 2000. WAP-7 locomotives are being built at CLW, Banaras Locomotive Works (BLW) and Patiala Locomotive Works (PLW).

The WAP-7 has been serving passengers for Indian Railways since their introduction in 1999. It is a passenger variant of the WAG-9 freight locomotive with a modified gear ratio to pull lighter loads at higher speeds. With an output of 6,125 hp, it is the most powerful passenger locomotive in the Indian Railways fleet, and the most numerous passenger locomotive in India. The WAP-7 is capable of hauling 24 coach trains at speeds of 130 km/h.

== History == The WAP-7 is largely used by most regional zones of Indian Railways. As of October 2021, all of these are fitted with H-type transition couplers which are compatible with both screw coupling and centre-buffer coupling.{{Original research inline|date=May 2025}} In February 2017, Banaras Locomotive Works built their first WAP 7 class locomotive.<ref name="prod_dlw">{{cite web|title=Brief History of DLW|url=http://www.dlw.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,294,702|publisher=Ministry of Railways, Government of India|access-date=30 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402102647/http://www.dlw.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,294,702 |archive-date=2 April 2019}}</ref>

In 2019, a variant of the WAP-7, designated the WAP-7HS, was introduced for higher speeds. The WAP-7HS has a max speed of {{convert|180|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}, and is capable of hauling a 24-car train at {{convert|160|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} as opposed to the {{convert|140|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} of the original. Indian Railways plans to use the WAP-7HS for Shatabdi, Rajdhani, and Duronto express trains. However, as of September 2022, it has not been confirmed{{According to whom|date=May 2025}} if any others have been built, and the single completed WAP-7HS has remained{{As of?|date=May 2025}} restricted to {{convert|130|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} operation.{{Citation needed paragraph|date=May 2025}}

In 2025, a variant of the WAP-7, designated the WAP-7AD, was introduced with an aerodynamic design. The WAP-7AD has a maximum speed of {{convert|180|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}, and is capable of hauling a 24-car train at {{convert|160|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}, as opposed to the {{convert|140|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} of the original. Indian Railways plans to use the WAP-7AD for Amrit Bharat Express and other Express trains. The first WAP-7AD 37873 entered service on September, 2025 hauling 12284 Ernakulam Duronto express. A pair of WAP-7AD, painted with Amrit Bharat livery are currently{{as of when|date=April 2026}} parked at ICF, Chennai waiting for rake and route allotment. {{multiple image | align = left | direction = vertical | header = | width = | image1 = TUGHLAKABAD_WAP7_AD_37873_AT_THRISSUR_©️SREENATH.jpg | alt1 = | Align = style="caption-side: center" | caption1 = A Tughlakabad based WAP-7AD #37873 at Thrissur. | image2 = SDAH based WAP-7 39207 pulling 13147 Sealdah–Bamanhat Uttar Banga Express 05.jpg | caption2 = A Sealdah based WAP-7 #39207 pulling Uttar Banga Express. }}

==Head-on Generation (HOG)== thumb|The HOG ports are equipped on loco's right side upper and left side down on Erode based WAP-7 at White Field railway station (Bengaluru).

Many locomotives of this class are fitted with head-on generation (HOG), eliminating the need to have separate End on Generation (EOG) sets or DG (Diesel Generator) sets for supplying power to the train and thus resulting in significant savings on maintenance and running costs. The HOG transfers electric power from the loco's pantograph to the coaches instead of EOG where a power car equipped with diesel generator capable of generating adequate power of 3-phase 50 Hz 415 V / 750 V AC (called 'head-end power') is provided at either end of the train rake to supply power.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/train-had-wap7-engine-black-box-may-reveal-cause/816265/0 |title=Train had WAP-7 engine, 'black box' may reveal cause|work=The Indian Express|date=9 Aug 2010|access-date=25 Aug 2012}}{{Dead link|date=May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.clw.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,296,306,470|title=Recent Developments |publisher=Chittaranjan Locomotive Works |access-date=25 Aug 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510123210/http://www.clw.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,296,306,470 |archive-date=10 May 2012}}</ref><ref name="rdso">{{cite tech report |url=http://www.rdso.indianrailways.gov.in/works/uploads/File/Electrical(1).pdf |title=Development of Electric locomotive with Head On Generation (HOG) facility |publisher=Research Design and Standards Organisation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219080613/http://www.rdso.indianrailways.gov.in/works/uploads/File/Electrical(1).pdf |archive-date=19 February 2018 |access-date=1 May 2025}}</ref>

==Locomotive sheds== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! rowspan="2" style="background:skyBlue;"|Zone ! rowspan="2" style="background:skyBlue;"|Name ! rowspan="2" style="background:skyBlue;"|Shed Code ! colspan="2" style="background:skyBlue;"|Quantity ! rowspan="2" style="background:skyBlue;"|Introduction Year |- ! style="background:skyBlue;"|WAP-7 ! style="background:skyBlue;"|WAP-7AB |- | rowspan="3" |Central Railway || Ajni || AQE || 73 || || 2010 |- |Kalyan || KYNE || 83 || || 2019 |- |Pune || PADX || 68 || || 2023 |- | rowspan="2" |Eastern Railway || Howrah || HWHE || 104 || || 2012 |- | Sealdah || SDAD || 47 || || 2020 |- | rowspan="3" |East Central Railway || Gomoh || GMOE || 47 || || 2000 |- | Barauni || BJUE || 6 || || 2021 |- |Samastipur|| SPJD || 55 || 6 || 2022 |- | rowspan="2" |Northern Railway || Ghaziabad || GZBE || 162 || || 2000 |- | Ludhiana || LDHE || 44 || || 2022 |- |North Central Railway || Kanpur || CNBE || 103 || || 2019 |- | rowspan="3" |North Eastern Railway || Gonda || GDDE || 20 || || 2021 |- |Gorakhpur || GKPL || 18 || || 2024 |- |Izzatnagar || IZNE || 7 || || 2024 |- | rowspan="2" |Northeast Frontier Railway || Siliguri || SGUD || 50 || || 2024 |- |New Guwahati || NGCD || 38 || 6 || 2026 |- |North Western Railway || Bhagat Ki Kothi || BGKD || 78 || || 2023 |- | rowspan="2" |Southern Railway || Erode || EDE || 102 || || 2017 |- | Royapuram || RPME || 126 || || 2011 |- | rowspan="1" |South Central Railway || Lallaguda || LGDE || 157 || || 2008 |- | rowspan="2" |South Coast Railway ||Visakhapatnam || WATE || 90 || || 2016 |- | Vijayawada || BZAE || 82 || || 2021 |- |East Coast Railway ||Angul || ANGE || 2 || || 2026 |- | rowspan="3" |South Eastern Railway || Tatanagar || TATE || 54 || || 2017 |- |Bondamunda || BNDL || 19 || || 2018 |- |Santragachi || SRCE || 52 || || 2017 |- | South East Central Railway || Bhilai || BIAE || 26 || || 2012 |- | rowspan="2" | South Western Railway || Krishnarajapuram || KJMD || 91 || || 2019 |- | Hubballi || UBLD || 27 || || 2024 |- | rowspan="3"| Western Railway || Vadodara || BRCE || 116 || || 2016 |- |Valsad || BLEE || 92 || || 2024 |- |Sabarmati || SBTD || 9 || || 2026 |- | rowspan="2" |West Central Railway || Tughlakabad || TKDE || 87 || || 2013 |- | Itarsi || ETE || 97 || || 2018 |- | colspan="3" |'''Total''' || 2229 || 12 || rowspan="2" | |- | colspan="3" |'''Total Locomotives Active as of May 2026'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=e-Locos|url=http://elocos.railnet.gov.in/Holding/holding.html}}</ref> || colspan="2" | '''2243''' |}

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{commons category|Indian locomotive class WAP7}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:WAP-7}} Category:5 ft 6 in gauge locomotives Category:25 kV AC locomotives Category:Co-Co locomotives Category:Electric locomotives of India Category:Banaras Locomotive Works locomotives Category:Chittaranjan Locomotive Works locomotives Category:Passenger locomotives Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1999