{{Short description|Town in the Udmurt Republic, Russia}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}}{{Infobox Russian inhabited locality |en_name = Votkinsk |ru_name = {{lang|ru|Воткинск}} |loc_name1 = {{lang|udm|Вотка}} |loc_lang1 = Udmurt |image_skyline = Annunciation Cathedral, Votkinsk-2.jpg |image_caption = Annunciation Cathedral, Votkinsk |coordinates = {{coord|57|03|N|54|00|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position = top |image_coa = Coat of Arms of Votkinsk (Udmurtia).png |coa_caption = |image_flag = Flag of Votkinsk (Udmurtia).png |flag_caption = |anthem = |anthem_ref = |holiday = |holiday_ref = |federal_subject = Udmurt Republic |federal_subject_ref = <ref name="Ref149" /> |adm_city_jur = town of republic significance of Votkinsk |adm_city_jur_ref = <ref name="Ref149" /> |adm_ctr_of1 = town of republic significance of Votkinsk |adm_ctr_of1_ref = <ref name="Ref149" /> |adm_ctr_of2 = Votkinsky District |adm_ctr_of2_ref = <ref name="Ref149" /> |inhabloc_cat = Town |inhabloc_cat_ref = <ref name="Ref149" /> |inhabloc_type = |inhabloc_type_ref = |urban_okrug_jur = Votkinsk Urban Okrug |urban_okrug_jur_ref = <ref name="Ref912" /> |mun_admctr_of1 = Votkinsk Urban Okrug |mun_admctr_of1_ref = <ref name="Ref912" /> |mun_admctr_of2 = Votkinsky Municipal District |mun_admctr_of2_ref = <ref name="Ref943">Law #63-RZ</ref> |leader_title = Head |leader_title_ref = |leader_name = Vladimir Perevozchikov |leader_name_ref = |representative_body = |representative_body_ref = |area_km2 = |area_km2_ref = |pop_2010census = 99022 |pop_2010census_rank = 168th |pop_2010census_ref = <ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> |pop_density = |pop_density_as_of = |pop_density_ref = |pop_latest = |pop_latest_date = |pop_latest_ref = |established_date = 1759 |established_title = |established_date_ref = <ref name="gr" /> |current_cat_date = 1935 |current_cat_date_ref = |prev_name1 = |prev_name1_date = |prev_name1_ref = |postal_codes = 427430-427459 |postal_codes_ref = |dialing_codes = 34145 |dialing_codes_ref = |website = http://votkinsk.ru/ }} '''Votkinsk''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|v|ɒ|t|k|ɪ|n|s|k}}; {{langx|ru|Воткинск}}), also known as '''Votka''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|v|ɒ|t|k|ə}}; {{langx|udm|Вотка}}), is an industrial town in the Udmurt Republic, Russia. As of 2021, its population was 97,471.<ref>[https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/tab-5_VPN-2020.xlsx rosstat2020] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901194902/https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/tab-5_VPN-2020.xlsx |date=September 1, 2022 }}</ref>
==History== Votkinsk was established in 1759,<ref name="gr">{{cite book|title=Энциклопедия Города России|year=2003|publisher=Большая Российская Энциклопедия|location=Moscow|isbn=5-7107-7399-9|pages=94}}</ref> initially as a center for metallurgical enterprises. It still has a major focus economic focus on these industries. It was officially granted town status in 1935.{{citation needed|date=May 2010}}
It was one of the residence centers of the Udmurt Jews, who spoke Udmurt Yiddish.<ref>Altyntsev A.V., "The Concept of Love in Ashkenazim of Udmurtia and Tatarstan", Nauka Udmurtii. 2013. № 4 (66), p. 131. (Алтынцев А.В., [http://snioo.ru/images/stories/nu-print/nu4662013.pdf "Чувство любви в понимании евреев-ашкенази Удмуртии и Татарстана".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170321144214/http://snioo.ru/images/stories/nu-print/nu4662013.pdf |date=March 21, 2017 }} Наука Удмуртии. 2013. №4. С. 131: Комментарии.) {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
The town is famous as the birthplace of composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, who was born there on May 7, 1840.
==Administrative and municipal status== Within the framework of administrative divisions, Votkinsk serves as the administrative center of Votkinsky District, even though it is not a part of it.<ref name="Ref149">Law #46-RZ</ref> As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of republic significance of Votkinsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.<ref name="Ref149" /> As a municipal division, the town of republic significance of Votkinsk is incorporated as Votkinsk Urban Okrug.<ref name="Ref912">Law #68-RZ</ref>
==Economy== The Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology operates a machine plant in the town, the Votkinsk Machine Building Plant, which produces some of Russia's long-range ballistic missiles. Under the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) concluded between the United States and the Soviet Union, the RSD-10 Pioneer missile production facility at Votkinsk was selected for long-term on-site monitoring by U.S. inspectors. The corresponding site for the Soviet Union in the United States was the Hercules missile production facility in Salt Lake City, Utah.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}}{{update after|2023|9|27}}<!-- what was the time period/years of such international monitoring? when did Russia pull out of the agreement for such monitors. -->
The town gives its name to the nearby Votkinsk Reservoir, filled in the 1960s following the construction of a dam for the Votkinsk Hydroelectric Station.
==Climate== Votkinsk has a warm summer continental climate, according to Koppen Dfb.
{{Weather box | single line = yes | location = Votkinsk, Udmurt | metric first = yes | Jan high C = -10.3 | Feb high C = -8.2 | Mar high C = -1.2 | Apr high C = 8.5 | May high C = 17.9 | Jun high C = 22.6 | Jul high C = 24.6 | Aug high C = 21.7 | Sep high C = 14.8 | Oct high C = 5.4 | Nov high C = -2.2 | Dec high C = -7.4 | Jan mean C = -14.2 | Feb mean C = -12.4 | Mar mean C = -5.7 | Apr mean C = 3.9 | May mean C = 11.9 | Jun mean C = 16.6 | Jul mean C = 18.9 | Aug mean C = 16.3 | Sep mean C = 10.3 | Oct mean C = 2.4 | Nov mean C = -5 | Dec mean C = -10.9 | Jan low C = -18.0 | Feb low C = -16.6 | Mar low C = -10.1 | Apr low C = -.7 | May low C = 5.9 | Jun low C = 10.7 | Jul low C = 13.3 | Aug low C = 10.9 | Sep low C = 5.8 | Oct low C = -.6 | Nov low C = -7.8 | Dec low C = -14.3 | Jan precipitation mm = 40 | Feb precipitation mm = 27 | Mar precipitation mm = 25 | Apr precipitation mm = 33 | May precipitation mm = 41 | Jun precipitation mm = 62 | Jul precipitation mm = 67 | Aug precipitation mm = 65 | Sep precipitation mm = 58 | Oct precipitation mm = 56 | Nov precipitation mm = 48 | Dec precipitation mm = 41 | source = https://en.climate-data.org/asia/russian-federation/udmurt-republic/votkinsk-1201/#climate-table }}
==Sports== The bandy team Znamya-Udmurtiya<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.rusbandy.ru/club/25/ | title=Информация о команде "Знамя-Удмуртия" Воткинск - Реестр - Федерация хоккея с мячом России | access-date=November 28, 2013 | archive-date=September 24, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924092855/http://www.rusbandy.ru/club/25/ | url-status=live }}</ref> has played in the highest division, and nowadays play in the second highest, Russian Bandy Supreme League.
==Notable people== thumb|200px|Inner courtyard of Tchaikovsky's Museum Estate
* Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840–1893), Russian composer<ref>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Tschaïkovsky, Peter Ilich|volume=27|pages=348–349}}</ref> * Rudolf Povarnitsyn (born 1962), Ukrainian high jumper<ref>{{cite web |title=Athletics – World Record progression |work=International Olympic Committee |url=http://www.olympic.org/common/asp/download_report.asp?file=en_report_88.pdf&id=88 |access-date=December 29, 2006 |archive-date=February 24, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224140804/http://www.olympic.org/common/asp/download_report.asp?file=en_report_88.pdf&id=88 |url-status=live }}</ref> * Ksenia Garanina (born 1997), Armenian footballer<ref>{{Cite web |title=Կանանց ազգային հավաքական |url=http://www.ffa.am/hy/1581062946/player/36186 |access-date=30 April 2020 |website=Football Federation of Armenia |language=hy |archive-date=August 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802091446/https://www.ffa.am/hy/1581062946/player/36186 |url-status=live }}</ref> * Liudmyla Kuchma (born 1940), wife of second Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma, former First Lady of Ukraine (1994-2005)
==International relations== Votkinsk has one sister city, as designated by Sister Cities International: *{{Flagicon|United States}} West Jordan, Utah, United States
==References== {{cc}} ===Notes=== {{Reflist}}
===Sources=== *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|ud|adm|law}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|ud|mun|list|votkinsk}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|ud|mun|list|votkinsky}}
{{Udmurt Republic}}{{Authority control}} Category:Cities and towns in Udmurtia Category:Sarapulsky Uyezd