{{About|Volvo PV444 and Volvo PV544|other Volvo PV models|Volvo PV}} {{refimprove|date=September 2013}} {{Infobox automobile | name = Volvo PV444/544 | image = Volvo PV 444 LS 1957 Rubinröd (cropped).JPG | caption = 1957 Volvo PV 444 LS | manufacturer = Volvo Personvagnar | production = 1944–1965 | assembly = Sweden: Lundby, Gothenburg<br />Sweden: Torslanda (Torslandaverken)<br />Canada: Halifax, Nova Scotia (VHA) | predecessor = | successor = Volvo Amazon | class = | body_style = 2-door fastback | designer = Helmer Petterson }}
The '''Volvo PV''' is a series of two-door, four-passenger car models — the PV444 and the PV544 — made by Volvo from 1947 to 1965. During World War II's early stages, Volvo decided that a new, smaller car that could deliver good fuel economy would assure the company's future. A raw materials shortage during the war drove home the point that an automobile should be smaller, and also complicated Volvo's ability to mass-produce the product. In 1944, when the car was finally introduced to a car-hungry public, response was very positive and orders poured in from the Swedish population. It was another three years though, until 1947, before series production began.
The PV quickly earned a reputation for being strong and rugged, although the design was considered outdated from early on.<ref name=Blitz>{{cite book | title = Economy Car Blitz | last = Wherry | first = Joe H. | publisher = Associated Booksellers | location = Westport, Connecticut | year = 1956 | pages = 141–143 | id = 56-12608 }}</ref> The PV also competed successfully, in the American SCCA class but also internationally, with a second-hand PV544 memorably winning the Safari Rally in 1965.<ref>{{cite web | title = The East African Safari Rally & Joginder Singh | last = Cecil | first = Eric | year = 1973 | publisher = sikh-heritage.co.uk | url = http://www.sikh-heritage.co.uk/sports/EAS&Joginder/easafari&joginder.htm | access-date = 2013-09-12 }}</ref>
No PV 544 were produced in 1966. Last production was October 1965, some were sold in 1966 and titled as such, but last model year is 1965.
__TOC__ {{clear}} ==PV444==<!-- This section is linked from Volvo Duett --> {{Infobox automobile | name = PV444 | image = File:Volvo PV444 ca 1957 arriving at Schaffen-Diest Fly-drive 2014.JPG | caption = 1957 Volvo PV444 | production = 1944–1958 | platform = | layout = FR layout | related = | transmission = 3-speed manual | engine = {{unbulleted list|1.4 L ''B4B'' I4|1.4 L ''B14A'' I4|1.6 L ''B16A'' I4|1.6 L ''B16B'' I4}} }} The PV444 was Volvo's first unibody car. Its body structure was influenced by the 1939 Hanomag 1.3 litre, which was purchased and studied by Volvo engineers.<ref name="hanomag">{{Cite web| ref = SCimp | title = 1944: The body, imprisoned (in Russian) | url = http://www.oldtimer.ru/blogs/denis_orlov/khronika-god-1944-v-plenu-u-kuzova/ }}</ref> It was also the first Volvo in almost 20 years to come with a four-cylinder engine (earlier models had used side-valve straight sixes). The first PV444s were powered by 40 PS 1.4 L inline-four engines designated ''B4B'', with three main bearings, overhead valves, and a single downdraft carburettor. The power of this engine increased to {{convert|44|PS|kW|abbr=on}} in October 1950, and to {{convert|51|PS|kW|abbr=on}} in October 1955. US models, beginning to appear in early 1956, received an up-rated version called the ''B14A'', which was given twin side-draft 1½ in SU carburetors for a total of 70 hp.<ref name="scimp">{{Cite book | ref = SCimp | title = Standard Catalog of Imported Cars, 1946–1990 | first = James M. | last = Flammang | publisher = Krause Publications | location = Iola, Wisconsin | pages = 644–645 | year = 1994 | isbn = 0-87341-158-7 }}</ref> Most early US sales were limited to Texas and southern California.<ref name=Blitz/> American customers also had the option of European delivery, in which case they could also get a cheaper model with the basic B4B engine.<ref name="scimp"/>
By the 1957 model year,{{Vague|reason=Does this mean in and for 1957, or cars produced in late 1956/1957 for the 1957 "model year" (in American automotive vernacular)?|date=December 2008}} engine displacement was increased to 1.6 L and both single downdraft- ''B16A'' and twin side-draught carburetted ''B16B'' versions were offered.
<gallery widths="200px" heights="150px"> <!-- Commented out: File:Volvo-PV444-chassis.jpg|Unibody construction of the PV 444 --> File:1954 Volvo PV444 HS rear side.jpg|1954 PV 444 HS, showing the new full-sized rear windscreen </gallery>
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==PV544==<!-- This section is linked from Volvo Duett --> {{Infobox automobile | name = PV544 | image = 1963 Volvo PV 544 (9068142700) (cropped).jpg | production = 1958–1966 | platform = | layout = FR layout | engine = {{unbulleted list | 1.6 L ''B16'' I4 | 1.8 L ''B18A/B18D'' I4 }} | transmission = {{unbulleted list|3-speed manual|4-speed manual}} }}
In 1958, the PV544 was phased in. Subtle differences with the PV444 included the introduction of a curved one-piece windshield to replace the two panes of flat glass, larger taillights, and a ribbon-type speedometer. The 444's three-speed manual transmission was also supplanted by a four-speed unit in the 544. The interior was modified to accommodate five people instead of four by increasing the width of the back seat and using thinner backrests on the front seats. left|thumb|240x240px|Volvo PV544 The next significant change occurred in 1962, when the B16 was replaced by Volvo's new B18 engine, initially developed for the P1800 sports car introduced the previous year. This 1.8 L engine had five main bearings. Again single and twin carburettor versions were offered, designated ''B18A'' and ''B18D'', respectively. The B18A was a slow seller in the US market since the United States' public prioritised performance over fuel economy. Also in 1962, Volvo changed from 6- to 12-volt electrical systems. In 1963 Volvo began producing the 544 at their new Canadian Dartmouth/Halifax plant, the first Volvo plant to be located outside of Sweden.
The PV544 was also made as an estate (wagon), the Duett, initially designated the ''P445'' and later the ''P210''.
The 544 received incremental mechanical revisions and trim changes until its final production year of 1965. Exactly 440,000 units were built during the 18-year run. The car had so endeared itself to its owners that Volvo ran self-deprecating advertisements in late 1965 and early 1966 imploring PV owners not to be angry with the company.
The Duett's utility allowed Volvo to continue the wagon's production through the 1969 model year. These were then replaced in some markets by a high-roof version of the Volvo 145, called the ''Express''. {{-}}
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== {{Commons category|Volvo PV444}} {{Commons category|Volvo PV544}} * [http://www.pvchassi.com/index_e.html Commercial chassis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081120115236/http://www.zagan-uruguay.com/travel-guide/oldtimer-cars/when-a-legend-was-born---the-vovlvo-444.html Pictures and Article about a PV444 in Uruguay]
{{Early Volvo Cars timeline}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Volvo Pv444 544}} PV Category:Rear-wheel-drive vehicles Category:Cars introduced in 1943 Category:Cars introduced in 1958 Category:1960s cars Category:Cars discontinued in 1965 Category:Motor vehicles manufactured in Canada