{{Short description|Subgenus of single-celled organisms}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = | image_caption = | taxon = Vinckeia | authority = }}

thumb | right '''''Vinckeia''''' is a subgenus of the genus ''Plasmodium'' — all of which are parasitic alveolates. The subgenus ''Vinckeia'' was created by Cyril Garnham in 1964 to accommodate the mammalian parasites other than those infecting the primates.<ref name="Garnham1964">{{cite journal |last=Garnham |first=P.C.C. |title=The subgenera of ''Plasmodium'' in mammals |journal=Ann Soc Belges Med Trop Parasitol Mycol |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=267–71 |year=1964 |pmid=14237568 |url=http://lib.itg.be/open/asbmt/1964/1964asbm0267.pdf |archive-date=2021-04-27 |access-date=2017-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427090552/http://lib.itg.be/open/asbmt/1964/1964asbm0267.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Garnham1966>{{cite book |first=P.C.C. |last=Garnham |title=Malaria parasites and other ''Haemosporidia'' |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xVFrAAAAMAAJ |year=1966 |publisher=Blackwell Scientific |isbn=9780632017706 |oclc=602883318}}</ref>

== Diagnostic features ==

Species in this subgenus infect mammals other than the higher primates. Species infecting lemurs have since been included in this subgenus. This classification may not be correct.<ref name=Pacheco2011>{{cite journal |vauthors=Pacheco MA, Battistuzzi FU, Junge RE, Cornejo OE, Williams CV, Landau I, Rabetafika L, Snounou G, Jones-Engel L, Escalante AA |title=Timing the origin of human malarias: the lemur puzzle |journal=BMC Evol. Biol. |volume=11 |pages=299 |year=2011 |pmid=21992100 |pmc=3228831 |doi=10.1186/1471-2148-11-299 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Schizonts: These do not fill the erythrocyte and do not show true stippling. They give rise normally to 8 or fewer merozoites. Schizogony normally takes three days or less.

Merozoites:

Gametocytes: These are spherical.

== Species in this subgenus ==

The following is a list of species in subgenus ''Vinckeia'' and their hosts.

*''Plasmodium achromaticum'' — insectivorous bat species *''Plasmodium aegyptensis'' — African grass rat (''Arvicanthis niloticus'')<ref name=Abd-el-Aziz1975>{{cite journal |vauthors=Abd-el-Aziz GA, Landau I, Miltgen F |trans-title=Description of ''Plasmodium aegyptensis'' n. sp., presumed parasite of the murid ''Arvicanthis noloticus'' in Upper Egypt |title=Description de ''Plasmodium aegyptensis'' n. sp. parasite présumé du Muridé ''Arvicanthis niloticus'' en Haute-Égypte |language=fr |journal=Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée |volume=50 |issue=4 |pages=419–24 |year=1975 |pmid=1211772 |doi=10.1051/parasite/1975504419|doi-access=free }}</ref> *''Plasmodium anomaluri'' — African flying squirrel (''Anomalurus'' species) *''Plasmodium atheruri'' — African brush-tailed porcupine (''Atherurus africanus''), Large vesper mouse (''Calomys callosus'') and Mongolian gerbil (''Meriones unguiculatus''), ''Anopheles stephensi'' *''Plasmodium berghei'' — the African woodland thicket rat (''Grammomys surdaster''), ''Anopheles stephensi'' *''Plasmodium booliati'' — the Malayan giant flying squirrel ''Petaurista petaurista''<ref name=Sandosham1965>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sandosham AA, Yap LF, Omar I |title=A malaria parasite, ''Plasmodium (Vinckeia) booliati'' sp.nov., from a Malayan giant flying squirrel |journal=Med J Malaya |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=3–7 |year=1965 |pmid=4221411 }}</ref><ref name="Kreier-Baker-1993">{{cite book | editor-last1=Kreier | editor-first1=Julius P. | editor-last2=Baker | editor-first2=John Robin | title=Parasitic Protozoa | publication-place=San Diego | isbn=978-0-12-426015-3 | oclc=23868964 | pages=xvii+343 | edition=2 | volume=5 | publisher=Academic Press | date=1993}}</ref>{{rp|page=51,69}} *''Plasmodium bouillize'' *''Plasmodium brodeni'' — four-toed elephant shrews (''Petrodromus tetradactylus'') *''Plasmodium bubalis'' — water buffaloes (''Bubalus bubalis'') *''Plasmodium bucki'' *''Plasmodium caprae'' — domestic goat (''Capra hircus'') *''Plasmodium cephalophi'' — the antelope (''Cephalophus grimmi'') and the common duiker/grey duiker (''Sylvicapra grimmia'')<ref name="Keymer1966">{{cite journal |vauthors=Keymer IF |title=Studies on ''Plasmodium'' (''Vinckeia'') ''cephalophi'' of the grey duiker (''Sylvicapra grimmia'') |journal=Ann Trop Med Parasitol |volume=60 |issue=2 |pages=129–38 |year=1966 |pmid=5962467 |doi=10.1080/00034983.1966.11686396 }}</ref> *''Plasmodium cercopitheci'' *''Plasmodium chabaudi'' — ''Anopheles stephensi'' *''Plasmodium coulangesi'' *''Plasmodium cyclopsi'' — the Cyclops roundleaf bat (''Hipposideros cyclops'')<ref name=Landau1978>{{cite journal |vauthors=Landau I, Chabaud AG |title=Description of ''P. cyclopsi'' n. sp. a parasite of the microchiropteran bat ''Hipposideros cyclops'' in Gabon |language=fr |journal=Ann Parasitol Hum Comp |volume=53 |issue=3 |pages=247–53 |year=1978 |pmid=697287 |doi=10.1051/parasite/1978533247|url=https://www.parasite-journal.org/articles/parasite/pdf/1978/03/parasite1978533p247.pdf |doi-access=free }}</ref> *''Plasmodium foleyi'' *''Plasmodium girardi'' *''Plasmodium incertae'' — flying squirrel *''Plasmodium inopinatum'' *''Plasmodium joyeuxi'' *''Plasmodium landauae'' — African flying squirrels (''Anomalurus'' species) *''Plasmodium lemuris'' *''Plasmodium melanipherum'' — the common bent-wing bat/Schreibers' bat (''Miniopterus schreibersii'') *''Plasmodium narayani'' *''Plasmodium odocoilei'' — white-tailed deer (''Odocoileus virginianus'') *''Plasmodium percygarnhami'' *''Plasmodium pulmophilium'' — African flying squirrel (''Anomalurus'' species) *''Plasmodium sandoshami'' — the Sunda flying lemur (''Galeopterus variegatus'') *''Plasmodium semnopitheci'' *''Plasmodium traguli'' — mouse deer *''Plasmodium tyrio'' — the Chinese pangolin (''Manis pentadactyla'') *''Plasmodium uilenbergi'' *''Plasmodium vinckei'' {{endash}} rodents *''Plasmodium voltaicum'' — the Angolan rousette (a fruit bat, ''Myonycteris angolensis''/''Rousettus smithi'') *''Plasmodium watteni'' — Formosan giant flying squirrel (''Petaurista petaurista grandis'')<ref name="Lien1968">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lien JC, Cross JH |title=''Plasmodium (Vinckeia) watteni'' sp. n. from the Formosan giant flying squirrel, ''Petaurista petaurista grandis'' |journal=J. Parasitol. |volume=54 |issue=6 |pages=1171–4 |year=1968 |pmid=5757690 |jstor=3276986|doi=10.2307/3276986 }}</ref><ref name="Kreier-Baker-1993" />{{rp|page=69}} *''Plasmodium yoelii'' — ''Anopheles stephensi''

==Evolutionary history== Sharp et al 2020<ref name="Sharp-et-al-2020">{{cite journal | last1=Sharp | first1=Paul M. | last2=Plenderleith | first2=Lindsey J. | last3=Hahn | first3=Beatrice H. | title=Ape | journal=Annual Review of Microbiology | publisher=Annual Reviews | volume=74 | issue=1 | date=2020-09-08 | issn=0066-4227 | doi=10.1146/annurev-micro-020518-115628 | pages=39–63| pmid=32905751 | pmc=7643433 }}</ref> reanalyze the available amino acid substitution data and conclude that ''chabaudi'', ''yoelii'', and ''berghei'' cluster relatively close together. Further they find ''chabaudi'' split off first and the ''berghei''/''yoelii'' division is more recent.<ref name="Sharp-et-al-2020" />

== By host == {{see|Malaria#Other animals}} === Murine malaria === Murine malaria {{endash}} malaria in mice {{endash}} is caused by ''P. berghei'', ''P. chabaudi'', ''P. vinckei'' and ''P. yoelii''. Some strains produce cerebral malaria and some do not.<ref name="Moxon-et-al-2020">{{cite journal | last1=Moxon | first1=Christopher A. | last2=Gibbins | first2=Matthew P. | last3=McGuinness | first3=Dagmara | last4=Milner | first4=Danny A. | last5=Marti | first5=Matthias | title=New Insights into Malaria Pathogenesis | journal=Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease | publisher=Annual Reviews | volume=15 | issue=1 | date=2020-01-24 | issn=1553-4006 | doi=10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012419-032640 | pages=315–343| pmid=31648610 | s2cid=204882296 }}</ref>

== References == {{Reflist}}

{{Alveolata}}

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Category:Plasmodium subgenera