Vincent Hugo Bendix

{{Short description|American inventor and industrialist (1881–1945)}} {{Infobox engineer |image = |caption = Vincent Hugo Bendix |name = Vincent Hugo Bendix |birth_date = August 12, 1881 |birth_place = Moline, Illinois |death_date = {{death date and age |1945|03|27|1881|12|12|mf=yes}} |death_place = New York City |education = |spouse = |parents = |children = |discipline = |institutions = |practice_name = |significant_projects = Bendix Corporation |significant_design = |significant_advance = |significant_awards = }}

'''Vincent Hugo Bendix''' (August 12, 1881 – March 27, 1945) was an American inventor and industrialist. Vincent Bendix was a pioneer and leader in both the automotive and aviation industries during the 1920s and 1930s.<ref name="Avia">''Vincent Bendix. Enshrined 1991'' (National Aviation Hall of Fame, Inc.) {{cite web |url=http://nationalaviation.blade6.donet.com/components/content_manager_v02/view_nahf/htdocs/menu_ps.asp?NodeID=711021953&group_ID=1134656385&Parent_ID=-1 |title=NAHF |access-date=2009-08-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081209041438/http://nationalaviation.blade6.donet.com/components/content_manager_v02/view_nahf/htdocs/menu_ps.asp?NodeID=711021953&group_ID=1134656385&Parent_ID=-1 |archive-date=2008-12-09 }}</ref>

==Background== Vincent Hugo Bendix was born in Moline, Illinois. He was eldest of three children born to Methodist clergyman Jann Bengtsson, a native of Ångermanland, Sweden, and his wife Anna Danielson, also an immigrant from Sweden. While in Moline the family name was changed to "Bendix". They later moved to Chicago, Illinois, and Vincent purchased the Palmer Mansion in July 1928, for $3,000,000, equal to ${{Inflation|US|3000000|1928|fmt=c}} today.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bendixradiofoundation.com/hist_bendix.htm |title=''Vincent Bendix and Bendix Corporation'' (Bendix Radio Foundation) |access-date=2009-08-23 |archive-date=2019-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208180253/http://www.bendixradiofoundation.com/hist_bendix.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.s9.com/Biography/Bendix-Vincent |title=''Bendix, Vincent (Vincent Hugo)'' (Biology Dictionary) |access-date=2009-08-23 |archive-date=2021-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906050548/https://www.s9.com/Biography/Bendix-Vincent |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Career== In 1907 Vincent Bendix founded the Bendix Corporation of Chicago to manufacture automobiles, called Bendix Motor Buggies. After two years and producing 7,000 vehicles the company failed. In 1910 however, Bendix invented and patented the Bendix drive, a gear that could engage an engine at zero rotational speed and then (through the aid of a spring and the higher speed of the running engine) pull back and disengage automatically at higher speed (nominally the engine's running speed). This drive made the electric starter practical for automobile engines and later for engines in aircraft and other motorized vehicles.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hon-area.org/history.html#bendix |title=''The Bendix Story'' (from materials submitted by Rita F. Adrian) |access-date=2009-08-23 |archive-date=2018-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103091946/http://www.hon-area.org/history.html#bendix |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 1922 his father was killed when he was hit by a car with drum brakes; his father's death inspired him to study braking systems. He found a French braking system that he considered to be superior to any braking systems available in the United States's market.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=dwf1YYxQmRsC&pg=PA40&dq=inspiration+Bendix+killed "Bendix, Vincent"] ''The Name's Familiar II'' by Laura Lee, 2001, Pelican Publishing</ref> In 1923, Bendix founded the Bendix Brake Company, which acquired the rights to French engineer Henri Perrot's patents for brake drum/shoe design a year later.<ref name=Bendix/>

In 1929, he started the Bendix Aviation Corporation and founded the Transcontinental Bendix Air Race in 1931. In 1942, Bendix started Bendix Helicopters, Inc. Bendix Aviation and Bendix Brake would later be renamed Bendix Corporation.<ref name="Bendix">[http://www.bendixbrakes.com/company/ Bendix Brakes, History] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302175345/http://www.bendixbrakes.com/company/ |date=2012-03-02 }}</ref><ref>''Vincent Hugo Bendix'' (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics) {{cite web |url=http://www.aiaa.org/Participate/Uploads/04-0316%20Bendix.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2009-07-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061028042710/http://www.aiaa.org/Participate/Uploads/04-0316%20Bendix.pdf |archive-date=2006-10-28 }}</ref>

==Death== Bendix died at his home in New York on March 27, 1945, of coronary thrombosis.<ref>Associated Press, “Victor Bendix Dies Of Heart Ailment”, The San Bernardino Daily Sun, San Bernardino, California, Wednesday 28 March 1945, Volume 51, page 1.</ref>

left|thumb|200px|Bendix's grave

==Honors== *1929 - Knight of the Swedish Order of the Polar Star *1931 - President of the Society of Automotive Engineers *1936 - Knight of the French Legion of Honor *1984 - Inducted into the Automotive Hall of Fame<ref name="AHF-Bendix">{{cite web |url=http://www.automotivehalloffame.org/inductee/vincent-bendix/5/ |title=Vincent Hugo Bendix |year=1984 |work=Hall of Fame Inductees |publisher=Automotive Hall of Fame |access-date=March 9, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308034727/http://www.automotivehalloffame.org/inductee/vincent-bendix/5/ |archive-date=March 8, 2016 }}</ref> *1991 - Inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame<ref>{{cite web |title=Enshrinee Victor Hugo Bendix |url=https://nationalaviation.org/enshrinee/victor-hugo-bendix/ |website=nationalaviation.org |publisher=National Aviation Hall of Fame |access-date=27 January 2023}}</ref>

==References== {{reflist|2}}

==Further reading== *Cunningham, Mary, with Fran Schumer, ''Powerplay: What Really Happened at Bendix'' (Linden Press/Simon and Schuster, 1984) *Garraty, John A., and Mark C. Carnes, ''American National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 1999) * Hallett, Anthony and Diane Hallett ''Entrepreneur magazine encyclopedia of entrepreneurs'' (Wiley. October 24, 1997)

==External links== * [https://www.nytimes.com/1945/04/01/archives/rites-for-vincent-bendix-more-than-300-attend-service-for-aviation.html "Rites for Vincent Bendix"], ''The New York Times'', April 1, 1945 {{subscription required}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111228024322/http://www.bendixappliances.com/ Bendix Appliances homepage] * [https://books.google.com/books?id=lNsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA486 ''Popular Mechanics'': "Certificate of Brake Test Made Automatically by Small Recorder" (April 1936)] — ''portable brake testing unit developed and sold by Bendix in the 1930s.'' * [http://cdm16066.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/search/collection/p16066coll50/searchterm/Bendixline Bendixline (1957–1958, 1962–1964)] – Digitized copies of the Bendix Products Division newsletter

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bendix, Vincent}} Category:1881 births Category:1945 deaths Category:20th-century American inventors Category:American founders of motor vehicle manufacturers Category:American people of Swedish descent Category:American businesspeople in the automotive industry Category:Burials at Graceland Cemetery (Chicago) Category:Knights of the Legion of Honour Category:Engineers from Chicago Category:Knights of the Order of the Polar Star Category:National Aviation Hall of Fame inductees Category:People from Moline, Illinois Category:Businesspeople in aviation Category:Bendix Corporation people Category:American recipients of the Legion of Honour