{{Other uses}} {{Use mdy dates|date=March 2013}} {{Infobox Russian inhabited locality |en_name=Vilyuysk |ru_name=Вилюйск |loc_name1=Бүлүү |loc_lang1=Yakut |image_skyline=Здание администрации Вилюйского улуса - panoramio.jpg |image_caption= |coordinates = {{coord|63|45|N|121|38|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=bottom |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Viluysk (Yakutia).png |coa_caption= |image_flag=Flag of Viluysk (Yakutia).png |flag_caption= |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday= |holiday_ref= |federal_subject=[[Sakha Republic]] |federal_subject_ref=<ref name="SakhaR_admlist" /> |adm_district_jur=[[Vilyuysky District]] |adm_district_jur_ref=<ref name="SakhaR_admlist" /> |adm_selsoviet_jur=Vilyuysk |adm_selsoviet_type=[[Town of district significance|Town]] |adm_selsoviet_jur_ref=<ref name="SakhaR_admlist" /> |adm_ctr_of1=Vilyuysky District |adm_ctr_of1_ref=<ref name="SakhaR_admlist" /> |adm_ctr_of2=Town of Vilyuysk |adm_ctr_of2_ref=<ref name="SakhaR_admlist" /> |inhabloc_cat=Town |inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="SakhaR_admlist" /> |inhabloc_type=Town under district jurisdiction |inhabloc_type_ref=<ref name="SakhaR_admlist" /> |mun_district_jur=Vilyuysky Municipal District |mun_district_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref531" /> |urban_settlement_jur=Vilyuysk Urban Settlement |urban_settlement_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref531" /> |mun_admctr_of1=Vilyuysky Municipal District |mun_admctr_of1_ref=<ref name="Ref411">Law #172-Z #351-III</ref> |mun_admctr_of2=Vilyuysk Urban Settlement |mun_admctr_of2_ref=<ref name="Ref531" /> |leader_title= |leader_title_ref= |leader_name= |leader_name_ref= |representative_body= |representative_body_ref= |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2= |area_km2_ref= |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date= |pop_latest_ref= |established_date=1634 |established_title= |established_date_ref=<ref name="gr" /><ref name="SakhaR_admlist" /> |current_cat_date=1783 |current_cat_date_ref= |postal_codes=678200, 678202, 678219, 678229 |dialing_codes=41132 |dialing_codes_ref= |website=http://www.vilyuisk.ru }} '''Vilyuysk''' ({{lang-rus|Вилюйск|p=vʲɪˈlʲʉjsk}}; {{langx|sah|Бүлүү}}, ''Bülüü'') is a [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|town]] and the [[administrative center]] of [[Vilyuysky District]] in the [[Sakha Republic]], [[Russia]], located on the [[Vilyuy River]] (left [[tributary]] of the [[Lena River|Lena]]), about {{convert|600|km|sp=us}} from [[Yakutsk]], the [[capital city|capital]] of the republic. As of the [[Russian Census (2010)|2010 Census]], its population was 10,234.<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>{{Historical populations|1897|611|1926|1300|1939|3147|1959|4817|1970|6215|1979|7108|1989|8988|2002|9776|2010|10234|2021|10032|type=|footnote=Source: Census data|align=left}}
==History== The first permanent settlement on the site of the present town was a [[Cossacks|Cossack]] winter settlement founded in 1634<ref name="gr">{{cite book|title=Энциклопедия Города России|year=2003|publisher=Большая Российская Энциклопедия|location=Moscow|isbn=5-7107-7399-9|page=71}}</ref> as '''Tyukanskoye'''{{citation needed|date=May 2010}} or '''Verkhnevilyuyskoye'''.<ref>{{cite Efron|Вилюйск}}</ref>
Members of the [[Pugachev's Rebellion|peasant rebellion]] led by [[Yemelyan Pugachev]] were exiled to the area in the 1770s, building the new town of '''Olensk''' in 1783. The town's name was derived from the Russian word "{{lang|ru|олень}}" (''olen''), meaning "stag", as still seen in the town's symbols. The town was renamed Vilyuysk after the river on which it stands in 1821.{{citation needed|date=May 2010}}
[[Kate Marsden]] visited in 1891 on her mission to treat [[Leprosy|lepers]] in the region,<ref>Marsden, On Sledge and Horseback to outcast Siberian lepers, 1892, p 116</ref> and returned in 1897 to establish a hospital. In 2014 a statue was constructed to her memory in the town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Siberia salutes British nurse and adventurer who set up a leper colony in remote Yakutian village |url=http://siberiantimes.com/other/others/features/siberia-salutes-british-nurse-and-adventurer-who-set-up-a-leper-colony-in-remote-yakutian-village/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323165614/http://siberiantimes.com/other/others/features/siberia-salutes-british-nurse-and-adventurer-who-set-up-a-leper-colony-in-remote-yakutian-village/ |archive-date=2023-03-23 |access-date=2026-05-14 |website=siberiantimes.com |language=en}}</ref>
==Administrative and municipal status== Within the [[subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions|framework of administrative divisions]], Vilyuysk serves as the [[administrative center]] of [[Vilyuysky District]].<ref name="SakhaR_admlist">''Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic''</ref> As an [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|inhabited locality]], Vilyuysk is classified as a town under district jurisdiction.<ref name="SakhaR_admlist" /> As an administrative division, it is, together with one rural locality (the ''[[village#Russia|selo]]'' of [[Sosnovka, Sakha Republic|Sosnovka]]), incorporated within Vilyuysky District as the '''[[Town of district significance|Town]] of Vilyuysk'''.<ref name="SakhaR_admlist" /> As a [[subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions|municipal division]], the Town of Vilyuysk is incorporated within Vilyuysky Municipal District as '''Vilyuysk Urban Settlement'''.<ref name="Ref531">Law #173-Z #353-III</ref>
==Transportation== The [[Vilyuysk Airport]] is located near the town.<ref>{{cite web|title=Vilyuisk Airport|url=http://www.ourairports.com/airports/UENW/|publisher=OurAirports|access-date=January 19, 2013|archive-date=March 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326020046/http://ourairports.com/airports/UENW/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==Climate== Vilyuysk has an extremely continental [[subarctic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Dfc''). Winters are extremely cold, with January average temperatures about -34.4 °C (-29.9 °F), while summers are short but very warm, with average temperatures about 19.2 °С (66.6 °F) in July. Summer temperatures are actually quite high for its altitude due to its long distance from the moderating influence of the oceans. [[Precipitation]] is quite low, but is significantly higher in summer than at other times of the year.
<div style="width:70%;"> {{Weather box |location=Vilyuysk |metric first=yes |single line=yes |Jan record high C=-0.4 |Feb record high C=-2.0 |Mar record high C=10.1 |Apr record high C=18.6 |May record high C=30.4 |Jun record high C=36.5 |Jul record high C=37.8 |Aug record high C=36.0 |Sep record high C=27.7 |Oct record high C = 18.0 |Nov record high C = 3.7 |Dec record high C = -2.1 |Jan high C = -30.7 |Feb high C = -25.1 |Mar high C = -11.0 |Apr high C = 2.0 |May high C = 12.0 |Jun high C = 22.6 |Jul high C = 25.4 |Aug high C = 20.8 |Sep high C = 10.8 |Oct high C = -3.2 |Nov high C = -21.1 |Dec high C = -31.1 |Jan mean C = -34.4 |Feb mean C = -30.1 |Mar mean C = -18.1 |Apr mean C = -4.4 |May mean C = 6.4 |Jun mean C = 16.3 |Jul mean C = 19.2 |Aug mean C = 14.8 |Sep mean C = 5.8 |Oct mean C = -6.8 |Nov mean C = -24.9 |Dec mean C = -34.5 |Jan low C = -38.0 |Feb low C = -34.6 |Mar low C = -25.0 |Apr low C = -11.2 |May low C = 0.5 |Jun low C = 9.9 |Jul low C = 13.2 |Aug low C = 9.1 |Sep low C = 1.4 |Oct low C = -10.3 |Nov low C = -28.5 |Dec low C = -37.8 |Jan record low C = -60.9 |Feb record low C = -58.0 |Mar record low C = -50.0 |Apr record low C = -40.2 |May record low C = -23.0 |Jun record low C = -5.3 |Jul record low C = 0.0 |Aug record low C = -6.3 |Sep record low C = -15.4 |Oct record low C = -39.8 |Nov record low C = -52.7 |Dec record low C = -57.9 |Jan precipitation mm = 13 |Feb precipitation mm = 11 |Mar precipitation mm = 10 |Apr precipitation mm = 11 |May precipitation mm = 26 |Jun precipitation mm = 35 |Jul precipitation mm = 52 |Aug precipitation mm = 43 |Sep precipitation mm = 33 |Oct precipitation mm = 25 |Nov precipitation mm = 19 |Dec precipitation mm = 14 |Jan rain days = 0 |Feb rain days = 0 |Mar rain days = 0 |Apr rain days = 4 |May rain days = 11 |Jun rain days = 14 |Jul rain days = 13 |Aug rain days = 13 |Sep rain days = 15 |Oct rain days = 5 |Nov rain days = 0 |Dec rain days = 0 |Jan snow days = 21 |Feb snow days = 18 |Mar snow days = 15 |Apr snow days = 11 |May snow days = 7 |Jun snow days = 0 |Jul snow days = 0 |Aug snow days = 0 |Sep snow days = 6 |Oct snow days = 24 |Nov snow days = 21 |Dec snow days = 20 |Jan humidity = 74 |Feb humidity = 75 |Mar humidity = 68 |Apr humidity = 58 |May humidity = 54 |Jun humidity = 55 |Jul humidity = 60 |Aug humidity = 66 |Sep humidity = 71 |Oct humidity = 77 |Nov humidity = 77 |Dec humidity = 75 |Jan sun = 16 |Feb sun = 95 |Mar sun = 204 |Apr sun = 267 |May sun = 290 |Jun sun = 317 |Jul sun = 342 |Aug sun = 252 |Sep sun = 153 |Oct sun = 83 |Nov sun = 44 |Dec sun = 5 |source 1 = pogoda.ru.net<ref name="pogoda">{{cite web|title=Weather And Climate - Climate Vilyuisk|url=http://pogoda.ru.net/climate/24641.htm|access-date=January 19, 2013|language=ru|archive-date=April 15, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130415174115/http://www.pogoda.ru.net/climate/24641.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> |source 2 = NOAA (sun only, 1961-1990)<ref name="NOAA">{{cite web|title=Climate Normals for Viljujsk|url=ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/RA/24641.TXT|publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221192830/ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/RA/24641.TXT|archive-date=2023-02-21|url-status=dead|access-date=January 19, 2013}}</ref> |date=January 2013 }}</div>
==Naming honors== The [[minor planet]] [[2890 Vilyujsk]], discovered in 1978 by [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] astronomer [[Lyudmila Zhuravlyova]], is named after the town.<ref>{{cite book|last=Schmadel|first=Lutz D.|title=Dictionary of Minor Planet Names|edition=5th|year=2003|publisher=Springer Verlag|location=New York|isbn=3-540-00238-3|page=237}}</ref>
==References== ===Notes=== {{Reflist}}
===Sources=== *Official website of the Sakha Republic. ''Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131213051950/http://sakha.gov.ru/node/12525 Vilyuysky District]. {{in lang|ru}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|sa|mun|list0}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|sa|mun|list1}}
{{Sakha Republic}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in the Sakha Republic]] [[Category:Vilyuysky District]] [[Category:Yakutsk Oblast]]