Vichada Department

{{Short description|Department of Colombia}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Vichada Department | native_name = Departamento del Vichada | native_name_lang = es | type = Department | image_skyline = Playas del rio Orinoco - panoramio.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = Beach on the Orinoco River | image_map1 = Vichada Topographic 2.png | map_caption1 = Topography of the department | image_flag = Flag of Vichada.svg | flag_alt = | image_shield = Escudo del Vichada.svg | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = {{force singular}} ''Tierra de hombres para hombres sin tierra'' <br> Land of men for men without land<ref>{{Cite web|language=es|publisher=condesan.org|title=Conservación en Situ|format=doc|url=http://www.condesan.org/e-foros/insitu97/nieto.doc|access-date=2011-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425092258/http://www.condesan.org/e-foros/insitu97/nieto.doc|archive-date=2012-04-25|url-status=dead}}</ref> | anthem = | image_map = Vichada in Colombia (mainland).svg | map_alt = | map_caption = Vichada shown in red | coordinates = {{coord|6|11|N|67|28|W|region:CO_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombia}} | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Orinoquía Region | parts_type = Largest city | parts_style = para | p1 = | established_title = Established | established_date = 5 July 1913 | blank_name_sec1 = Provinces | blank_info_sec1 = | blank1_name_sec1 = Municipalities | blank1_info_sec1 = 4 | founder = | named_for = | seat_type = Capital | seat = Puerto Carreño | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = Governor | leader_name = Luis Carlos Alvarez Morales (2016-2019) | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web|title=Geografía e Historia: Ubicación, Extencion y Límites|publisher=Gobernación del Vichada|url=http://www.vichada.gov.co/index.php/tramites-y-servicion-en-linea/portal-del-documentacion/geografia-e-historia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Kline, Harvey F.|year=2012|chapter=Vichada, Department of|title=Historical Dictionary of Colombia|location=Lanham, Maryland|publisher=Scarecrow Press|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=BJbjM7yYKmkC&pg=PA493 493]|isbn=978-0-8108-7813-6}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 100242 | area_rank = 2nd | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|title=DANE|url=http://www.dane.gov.co/daneweb_V09/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=75&Itemid=72|access-date=13 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091113143414/http://www.dane.gov.co/daneweb_V09/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=75&Itemid=72|archive-date=13 November 2009|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref> | population_total = 107,808 | population_as_of = 2018 | population_rank = 31st | population_density_km2 = auto | population_note = | demographics_type1 = GDP | demographics1_footnotes = <ref>{{citation|title=Producto Interno Bruto por departamento |url=https://www.dane.gov.co/files/operaciones/PIB/departamental/anex-PIBDep-TotalDepartamento-2022pr.xlsx|website=www.dane.gov.co}}</ref> | demographics1_title1 = Total | demographics1_info1 = COP 957 billion<br />(US$ 0.2 billion) | timezone1 = UTC-05 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | iso_code = CO-VID | blank_name_sec2 = HDI | blank_info_sec2 = 0.775<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2018-09-13}}</ref><br/>{{color|#0c0|high}} · 15th of 33 | website = [http://www.gobvichada.gov.co/ www.gobvichada.gov.co] | footnotes = }}

'''Vichada Department''' ({{langx|es|Departamento del Vichada|link=no}}, {{IPA|es|biˈtʃaða}}) is a department of the Republic of Colombia in South America. Vichada is located in the eastern plains of Colombia, in the Orinoquía Region within the Orinoco river basin bordering the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela to the north and east. To the north the department also borders with Arauca Department, to the northwest with Casanare Department, to the west with Meta Department, to the southwest narrowly bordering with Guaviare Department and to the south with Guainía Department. The department is the second largest in Colombia and scarcely populated in comparison to other departments.

The department was previously a commissary established in 1913.

The largest town and capital of the department is Puerto Carreño located in extreme northeastern part of the department and bordering Venezuela. the department is subdivided into four municipalities; Puerto Carreño, La Primavera, Santa Rosalía and Cumaribo. It also contains 46 indigenous reserves and 6 communities.

==Geography== {{Historical populations |type = |footnote = Source:<ref>{{cite web|title=Reloj de Población|url=http://www.dane.gov.co/reloj/|website=DANE|publisher=Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadísitica|access-date=6 July 2017|archive-date=16 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116020433/http://www.dane.gov.co/reloj/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |1973 | 12215 |1985 | 18702 |1993 | 62073 |2005 | 55872 |2018 | 107808 }} The department is located on the eastern plains of Colombia known as the Llanos. The department limits to the north with the Arauca Department and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela; to the east with Venezuela; to the south with the Guainía Department and Guaviare Department; and to the west with Meta Department and Casanare Department.

The department is located to the left margin of the Orinoco river and the right margin of the Meta River within the plains of los Llanos. Part of the department lies on the Guiana Shield. Soil lacks sediments due to the lack of alluvions from rivers coming from the Andes mountains.

Climate in the department is predominantly hot and humid with an average temperature of {{convert|28|C|F}} throughout the year.

The department also contains a major impact crater, the Vichada Structure.

==History== In 1913 the government of Colombia created the commissary of Vichada and the capital was established in a locality known as ''El Picacho'' between the Meta and Orinoco rivers. The town was named Puerto Carreño in honor of Pedro María Carreño, then acting Minister of Government.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |url=http://www.alcaldiapuertocarreno.gov.co/ptc_historia.html |title=Alcaldia de Puerto Carreño: Historia |access-date=23 March 2008 |language=es |archive-date=28 September 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928091622/http://www.alcaldiapuertocarreno.gov.co/ptc_historia.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In August 1974, Puerto Carreño was elevated to the category of municipality by decree 1594 of that same year.<ref name="autogenerated1" />

On 5 July 1991 Vichada was elevated to the category of department and Puerto Carreño as its capital.<ref name="autogenerated1" />

===Municipalities=== 250px|thumb|Political division, municipalities of Vichada|left

# Cumaribo # La Primavera # '''Puerto Carreño''' # Santa Rosalía # San José de Ocune

==References==

*{{in lang|es}} [http://www.semana.com/wf_InfoArticulo.aspx?idArt=102711 Revista Semana; Será Vichada la tierra prometida?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070531215936/http://www.semana.com/wf_InfoArticulo.aspx?IdArt=102711 |date=31 May 2007 }}

==External links== *{{in lang|es}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20070929024454/http://www.gobvichada.gov.co/ Government of Vichada official website] *{{in lang|es}} [http://llanera.com/musica/ Vichada Music llanera] *[http://siatac.co/web/guest/ Territorial-Environmental Information System of Colombian Amazon SIAT-AC website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617100909/http://siatac.co/web/guest |date=17 June 2020 }}

Category:Vichada Department Category:Departments of Colombia Category:States and territories established in 1991 Category:Green and yellow flags