{{Short description|Species of bacteria}} {{Speciesbox | image = | image_caption = | genus = Vibrio | species = cincinnatiensis | authority = Brayton et al. 1986 | type_strain = | synonyms = }}
'''''Vibrio cincinnatiensis''''' is a species of gram-negative bacteria. It was named after Cincinnati, Ohio, where it was first isolated and characterized.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Brayton |first1=P R |last2=Bode |first2=R B |last3=Colwell |first3=R R |last4=MacDonell |first4=M T |last5=Hall |first5=H L |last6=Grimes |first6=D J |last7=West |first7=P A |last8=Bryant |first8=T N |date=Jan 1986 |title=Vibrio cincinnatiensis sp. nov., a new human pathogen |journal=Journal of Clinical Microbiology |language=en |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=104–108 |doi=10.1128/jcm.23.1.104-108.1986 |issn=0095-1137 |pmc=268580 |pmid=2422196}}</ref> It is rarely isolated from human specimens. In 2019, ''V. cincinnatiensis'' accounted for only 0.07% of all confirmed cases of vibriosis in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=COVIS Annual Summary, 2019 |url=https://www.cdc.gov/vibrio/annual-summary-2019.html#surveillancesummary |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|date=6 February 2024 }}</ref>
== Description == ''Vibrio cincinnatiensis'' is a halophilic, facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rod, 0.7 by 2.0 μm in diameter.<ref name=":1" /> This organism is oxidase positive and motile by a single polar flagellum. ''V. cincinnatiensis'' produces yellow colonies on TCBS agar, indicating sucrose fermentation.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Soga |first1=Eiji |last2=Sakaguchi |first2=Kanae |last3=Takizawa |first3=Shino |last4=Tanabe |first4=Mizuki |last5=Denda |first5=Tomohiro |last6=Koide |first6=Shota |last7=Hayashi |first7=Wataru |last8=Kasahara |first8=Satoe |last9=Nagano |first9=Yukiko |last10=Nagano |first10=Noriyuki |date=2023-02-14 |editor-last=Bekal |editor-first=Sadjia |title=Emergence of Vibrio cincinnatiensis, a Rare Human Pathogen, in Urban Crows |journal=Microbiology Spectrum |language=en |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=e0392522 |doi=10.1128/spectrum.03925-22 |doi-access=free|issn=2165-0497 |pmc=9927279 |pmid=36475968}}</ref>
Similar to other members of the ''Vibrionaceae'' family, ''V. cincinnatiensis'' is most commonly isolated from marine and aquatic environments. This bacterium was isolated from several bodies of water including the Chesapeake Bay, Adriatic Sea, and Ota River. In all these studies, ''V. cincinnatiensis'' represented only a small fraction of the total resident Vibrio populations.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jäckel |first1=Claudia |last2=Hammerl |first2=Jens Andre |last3=Arslan |first3=Huynh-Huong-Thao |last4=Göllner |first4=Cornelia |last5=vom Ort |first5=Nicole |last6=Taureck |first6=Karin |last7=Strauch |first7=Eckhard |date=2020-05-15 |title=Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Veterinary Vibrio cincinnatiensis Isolates |journal=Microorganisms |language=en |volume=8 |issue=5 |pages=739 |doi=10.3390/microorganisms8050739 |doi-access=free |pmid=32429107 |pmc=7285037 |issn=2076-2607}}</ref>
== Clinical significance == ''Vibrio cincinnatiensis'' is listed as a pathogenic member of Vibrionaceae. However, due to the low number of reported cases and the broad diversity of disease presentation, this bacterium's status as a human enteric or wound pathogen is unclear.<ref>{{Cite web |title=National Enteric Disease Surveillance: COVIS Annual Summary, 2014 |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nationalsurveillance/pdfs/covis-annual-summary-2014-508c.pdf |website=Centers for Disease Control}}</ref>
''V. cincinnatiensis'' was first isolated from the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of a 70-year-old male at the University of Cincinnati Hospital in 1986.<ref name=":1" /> The patient had no known contact with seafood or seawater. Therapy was begun with ampicillin followed by moxalactam. The patient's uneventful recovery represented the first successful treatment of ''Vibrio'' sp. meningitis in an adult.
''V. cincinnatiensis'' has also been isolated from the stool of a patient experiencing gastroenteritis.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Wuthe |first1=Hanns-Herbert |last2=Aleksić |first2=Stojanka |last3=Hein |first3=Wolfgang |date=Nov 1993 |title=Contribution to Some Phenotypical Characteristics of Vibrio cincinnatiensis. Studies in One Strain of a Diarrhoeic Human Patient and in Two Isolates from Aborted Bovine Fetuses |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0934884011804172 |journal=Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie |language=en |volume=279 |issue=4 |pages=458–465 |doi=10.1016/S0934-8840(11)80417-2|pmid=8305803 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
== References == {{Reflist}}
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cincinnatiensis {{Improve categories|date=April 2024}}
{{Gammaproteobacteria-stub}} Category:Gram-negative bacteria Category:Bacteria described in 1986 Category:Pathogenic bacteria Category:Marine microorganisms