{{Short description|Species of flowering plant in the verbena family}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}} {{speciesbox |image = Glandularia canadensis Arkansas.jpg |status=G5 |status_system=TNC |genus = Verbena |species = canadensis |authority = (L.) Britton |synonyms_ref = <ref name="262956-2" /> |synonyms = {{collapsible list| *''Billardiera explanata'' {{small|Moench}} *''Buchnera canadensis'' {{small|L.}} *''Glandularia aubletia'' {{small|(Jacq.) Nutt.}} *''Glandularia canadensis'' {{small|(L.) Small}} *''Glandularia canadensis'' f. ''candissima'' {{small|(F.Haage & E.Schmidt) Umber}} *''Glandularia carolinensis'' {{small|J.F.Gmel.}} *''Glandularia drummondii'' {{small|(W.H.Baxter) Small}} *''Glandularia lambertii'' {{small|(Sims) Small}} *''Verbena aubletia'' {{small|Jacq.}} *''Verbena aubletia'' var. ''drummondii'' {{small|Lindl.}} *''Verbena aubletia'' var. ''lambertii'' {{small|(Sims) M.E.Jones}} *''Verbena canadensis'' f. ''candidissima'' {{small|(F.Haage & E.Schmidt) E.J.Palmer & Steyerm.}} *''Verbena canadensis'' var. ''candidissima'' {{small|F.Haage & E.Schmidt}} *''Verbena canadensis'' var. ''ehrenbergii'' {{small|Thell.}} *''Verbena canadensis'' subsp. ''elegans'' {{small|Thell.}} *''Verbena canadensis'' var. ''lambertii'' {{small|Thell.}} *''Verbena drummondii'' {{small|W.H.Baxter}} *''Verbena grandiflora'' {{small|Steud.}} *''Verbena intermedia'' {{small|Penny ex G.Don}} *''Verbena lambertii'' {{small|Sims}} *''Verbena lambertii'' var. ''rosea'' {{small|D.Don}} *''Verbena longiflora'' {{small|Lam.}} *''Verbena oblaetia'' {{small|Retz.}} *''Verbena rubra'' {{small|Salisb.}} }} }}
'''''Verbena canadensis''''' (syn. ''Glandularia canadensis''), commonly known as '''rose mock vervain''',<ref name="usda">{{cite web |date=n.d. |title=Glandularia canadensis (L.) Nutt. |url=https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/GLCA2 |website=plants.usda.gov |publisher=Natural Resources Conservation Service |access-date=17 December 2024}}</ref> '''rose verbena''',<ref name="MO">{{cite book |last1=Denison |first1=Edgar |title=Missouri Wildflowers |date=2017 |publisher=Conservation Commission of the State of Missouri |isbn=978-1-887247-59-7 |pages=55 |edition=Sixth}}</ref> '''clump verbena'''<ref name="NC"/> or '''rose vervain'''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=n.d.|title=Glandularia canadensis - Plant Finder|url=https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=f204|access-date=4 December 2021|website=Missouri Botanical Garden|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204222625/https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/verbena-canadensis/|url-status=live}}</ref> is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant in the verbena family (Verbenaceae) with showy pink to purple flowers. It is native to the eastern and south-central areas of the United States.<ref name="262956-2" >{{cite POWO |id=262956-2 |title=''Verbena canadensis'' (L.) Britton |access-date=4 December 2021 }}</ref> This species is widely cultivated as an ornamental, and naturalized populations have been established outside its native range, such as in the northeastern U.S.<ref>{{cite web |date=n.d. |title=Glandularia canadensis |url=https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/glandularia/canadensis/ |website=New England Wild Flower Society |access-date=18 December 2024 |archive-date=8 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240708032525/https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/glandularia/canadensis/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Missouri>{{cite book |last=Yatskievych |first=George |date=2013 |title=Flora of Missouri, Volume 3 |publisher=Missouri Botanical Garden Press |pages=1208 }}</ref>
==Description== ''V. canadensis'' is a perennial herb<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=n.d.|title=Glandularia canadensis|url=https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=glca2|access-date=4 December 2021|website=Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204164946/https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=glca2|url-status=live}}</ref> that grows low to the ground, typically to about {{convert|1|ft|cm|0|}} high. Roots will form where stems touch the ground, and over time the plant will spread to form a low mound.<ref>{{cite web |last=ANPS Webmaster |title=Know Your Natives – Rose Vervain |url=https://anps.org/2018/02/13/know-your-natives-rose-vervain/ |website=Arkansas Native Plant Society |language=en |date=13 February 2018 |access-date=18 December 2024 |archive-date=27 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327172015/https://anps.org/2018/02/13/know-your-natives-rose-vervain/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Leaves, up to {{convert |3|in|cm|0|order=flip|}}long, are dark green on the upper surface and lighter green below. Leaves are semi-evergreen, opposite and pinnately-lobed.<ref name="NC">{{Cite web|date=n.d.|title=Verbena canadensis (Clump Verbena, Rosa Verbena, Rose Vervain) North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox|url=https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/verbena-canadensis/|access-date=4 December 2021|website=plants.ces.ncsu.edu|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204222625/https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/verbena-canadensis/|url-status=live}}</ref> Flowers are pink to purple, and consist of a tubular corolla that opens up into 4 or 5 spreading lobes. Flowers bloom in the spring and can persist until fall.<ref name=Missouri/> The plant attracts butterflies, rabbits, and deer.<ref name=":1" />
==Distribution and habitat== Its natural habitat is in sunny areas such as glades, forest openings, and on bluffs.<ref name=Missouri/><ref name=IL>{{cite web |date=n.d. |title=Rose Vervain (Glandularia canadensis) |url=http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/prairie/plantx/rs_vervainx.htm |website=Illinois Wildflowers |access-date=18 December 2024 |archive-date=26 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726145115/https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/prairie/plantx/rs_vervainx.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> It is tolerant of dry conditions.<ref>{{cite web |date=n.d. |title=Glandularia canadensis |url=https://missouriplants.com/Glandularia_canadensis_page.html |website=Missouri Plants |access-date=18 December 2024 |archive-date=27 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527111951/https://www.missouriplants.com/Glandularia_canadensis_page.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In some areas, the presence of ''Verbena canadensis'' is indicative of high-quality natural communities.<ref name=IL/>
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from1=Q50878784|from2=Q1721453}}
canadensis Category:Endemic flora of the United States Category:Flora of the North-Central United States Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States Category:Flora of the South-Central United States Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States Category:Garden plants of North America Category:Plants described in 1767 Category:Botanical taxa named by Carl Linnaeus {{Verbenaceae-stub}}