Velumbrella

{{Short description|Species of eldonioid}} {{automatic taxobox | fossil_range = {{fossil range|Early Cambrian|Middle Cambrian}} | taxon = Velumbrella | authority = Stasińska 1960 | type_species = '''''V. czarnockii''''' | type_species_authority = Stasińska 1960 }}

'''''Velumbrella''''' is an eldonioid<ref name=Schroeder2018>{{harvnb|Schroeder|Paterson|Brock|2018|pages=80–81}}</ref> known from the Early to Middle Cambrian of Poland.<ref>{{harvnb|Masiak|Żylińska|1994|pages=330, 336}}</ref> The fossils depict a scleritosed disk with a U-shaped gut.<ref>{{harvnb|Masiak|Żylińska|1994|page=336}}</ref>

''Velumbrella'' was originally thought to be related to the hydrozoan order Trachylenida,<ref>{{harvnb|Stasińska|1960|page=342}}</ref> or possibly to ''Ediacaria'' or ''Beltanella'' which were considered to be Cambrian jellyfish.<ref>{{harvnb|Stasińska|1960|page=343}}</ref> Upon erecting the class Eldonioidea, Dzik assigned ''Vellumbrella'' to Eldoniidae rather than Rotadiscidae on account of its radial ribs.<ref>{{harvnb|Dzik|1991|page=51}}</ref>

Several authors (including Dzik) later noted the similarity between ''Velumbrella cznarnockii'' and ''Pararotadiscus guizhouensis'' (which was initially described as ''Rotadiscus guizhouensis'').<ref>{{harvnb|Dzik|Zhao|Zhu|1997|pages=387–389}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Zhu|Zhao|Chen|2002|page=179}}</ref> A more recent review tenatively placed ''Velumbrella'' in the Rotadiscidae (along with the more confidently-assigned ''Pararotadiscus''),<ref name=Schroeder2018 /> noting that the rotadiscids are distinguished from other eldonioid families by concentric ornamentations on the dorsal surface.<ref>{{harvnb|Schroeder|Paterson|Brock|2018|page=84}}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist}}

===Works cited=== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last=Dzik |first=Jerzy |title=The early evolution of Metazoa and the significance of problematic taxa |publisher=Clarendon Press |year=1991 |editor-last=Simonetta |editor-first=AM |location=Oxford |pages=47–56 |chapter=Is fossil evidence consistent with traditional views of the early metazoan phylogeny? |editor-last2=Conway Morris |editor-first2=S |chapter-url=https://www.paleo.pan.pl/people/Dzik/Publications/traditionalDzik.pdf |archive-date=2024-12-20 |access-date=2024-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241220171100/https://www.paleo.pan.pl/people/Dzik/Publications/traditionalDzik.pdf |url-status=dead }} * {{cite journal |last1=Dzik |first1=Jerzy |last2=Zhao |first2=Yuanlong |last3=Zhu |first3=Maoyan |date=1997 |title=Mode of life of the Middle Cambrian eldonioid lophophorate ''Rotadiscus'' |url=https://www.palass.org/sites/default/files/media/publications/palaeontology/volume_40/vol40_part2_pp385-396.pdf |journal=Palaeontology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=385–396 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Masiak |first1=M. |last2=Żylińska |first2=A. |year=1994 |title=Burgess Shale-type fossils in Cambrian sandstones of the Holy Cross Mountains |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=39 |number=4 |pages=329–340 |url=https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app39/app39-329.PDF |access-date=28 December 2024 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Schroeder |first1=Natalie I. |last2=Paterson |first2=John R. |last3=Brock |first3=Glenn A. |date=2018 |title=Eldonioids with associated trace fossils from the lower Cambrian Emu Bay Shale Konservat-Lagerstätte of South Australia |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-paleontology/article/abs/eldonioids-with-associated-trace-fossils-from-the-lower-cambrian-emu-bay-shale-konservatlagerstatte-of-south-australia/05F449A7147B8DB89E74F26E2A443E88 |journal=Journal of Paleontology |language=en |volume=92 |issue=1 |pages=80–86 |doi=10.1017/jpa.2018.6 |bibcode=2018JPal...92...80S |s2cid=197586878 |issn=0022-3360 |url-access=subscription }} * {{cite journal |last1=Stasińska |first1=A. |year=1960 |title=''Velumbrella czarnockii'' n. gen., n. sp. - Meduse du Cambrien Inferieur des Monts de Sainte-Croix |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=337–346 |url=http://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app05/app05-337.pdf |access-date=29 December 2024 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Zhu |first1=Mao-Yan |last2=Zhao |first2=Yuan-Long |last3=Chen |first3=Jun-Yuan |date=2002-03-01 |title=Revision of the Cambrian discoidal animals ''Stellostomites eumorphus'' and ''Pararotadiscus guizhouensis'' from South China |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016699502000256 |journal=Geobios |language=en |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=165–185 |doi=10.1016/S0016-6995(02)00025-6 |bibcode=2002Geobi..35..165Z |issn=0016-6995 |url-access=subscription }} {{refend}}

Category:Cambrian invertebrates Category:Cambroernids Category:Fossils of Poland