{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} {{Infobox Swiss town | subject_name = Vellerat | image_photo = 2016-Vellerat.jpg | image_caption = Vellerat in 2016 | municipality_type = former | imagepath_coa = Vellerat-armoiries.svg | pixel_coa = | canton = Jura | iso-code-region = CH-JU | district = Delémont | coordinates = {{coord|47|19|N|07|22|E|display=inline,title}} | postal_code = 2830 | municipality_code = 6728 | area = 2.04 | elevation = 666 | elevation_description= | population = 75 | populationof = 2003 | website = www.vellerat.ch | mayor = Stéphane Rötheli|mayor_asof=2008|mayor_party= | mayor_title = Maire |list_of_mayors = | places = | demonym = | neighboring_municipalities= Châtillon, Courrendlin, Roches (BE) | twintowns = Voeren/Fourons (Belgium) }}
'''Vellerat''' ({{IPA|fr|vɛlʁa}}) is a former municipality in the district of Delémont in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. On 1 January 2019, the former municipalities of Rebeuvelier and Vellerat merged into the municipality of Courrendlin.
==History== Vellerat was first mentioned in 1741 as ''Vellerat''.<ref name=HDS/> Vellerat was allowed to leave canton Bern and join canton Jura after a 1996 nationwide referendum (91.6% for, 8.4% against; 31.0% turnout).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kaufmann |first=Bruno |title=Scotalonia's Jura(ssic) moments |language=en |url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/directdemocracy/opinion_scotalonia-s-jura-ssic--moments/41063732 |access-date=29 March 2021}}</ref><ref name=NS>Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1938 {{ISBN|9783832956097}}</ref>
==Geography== Vellerat has an area of {{Swiss area|6728|mi=on}}.{{Swiss area data|6728|QUELLE}}<!--2.04 - 2.04 km2--> Of this area, {{convert|0.53|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 26.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while {{convert|1.44|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 70.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, {{convert|0.07|km2|acre|abbr=on}} or 3.4% is settled (buildings or roads).<ref name=BFS_land>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/02/03/blank/data/gemeindedaten.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics] 2009 data {{in lang|de}} accessed 25 March 2010</ref>
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 2.5% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.0%. Out of the forested land, 66.7% of the total land area is heavily forested and 3.9% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 3.4% is used for growing crops and 13.7% is pastures and 8.3% is used for alpine pastures.<ref name=BFS_land/>
The municipality is located in the Delemont district.
==Coat of arms== The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is ''Or, a Rooster Gules on Coupeaux Vert.''<ref>[http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/ch-ju026.html Flags of the World.com] accessed 22-December-2011</ref>
==Demographics== Vellerat has a population ({{as of|{{Swiss populations YM|CH-JU}}|lc=on}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-JU|6728}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-JU}} {{as of|2008}}, 5.8% of the population are resident foreign nationals.<ref name=HDS_superweb>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/infothek/onlinedb/superweb/login.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Superweb database - Gemeinde Statistics 1981-2008] {{in lang|de}} accessed 19 June 2010</ref> Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 4.3%. Migration accounted for 10%, while births and deaths accounted for -4.3%.<ref name=SFSO>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office] accessed 22-December-2011</ref>
Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks French (59 or 89.4%) as their first language, German is the second most common (5 or 7.6%) and English is the third (2 or 3.0%).<ref name=STAT2000/>
{{as of|2008}}, the population was 52.1% male and 47.9% female. The population was made up of 36 Swiss men (49.3% of the population) and 2 (2.7%) non-Swiss men. There were 32 Swiss women (43.8%) and 3 (4.1%) non-Swiss women.<ref>[http://www.fistat.ch/extranet/groups/public/documents/documents/4123230.pdf Canton Jura Statistics- Population résidante permanente au 1er janvier 2010, canton du Jura et communes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426062717/http://www.fistat.ch/extranet/groups/public/documents/documents/4123230.pdf |date=2012-04-26 }} {{in lang|fr}} accessed 2 March 2011</ref> Of the population in the municipality, 26 or about 39.4% were born in Vellerat and lived there in 2000. There were 17 or 25.8% who were born in the same canton, while 12 or 18.2% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 9 or 13.6% were born outside of Switzerland.<ref name=STAT2000/>
{{as of|2000}}, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 21.2% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 72.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 6.1%.<ref name=SFSO/>
{{as of|2000}}, there were 32 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 28 married individuals, 3 widows or widowers and 3 individuals who are divorced.<ref name=STAT2000>[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.3%20-%202000/40.3%20-%202000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=3&openChild=true STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140409212530/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.3%20-%202000/40.3%20-%202000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=3&openChild=true |date=2014-04-09 }} {{in lang|de}} accessed 2 February 2011</ref>
{{as of|2000}}, there were 27 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household.<ref name=SFSO/> There were 8 households that consist of only one person and 3 households with five or more people. {{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, a total of 26 apartments (54.2% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 16 apartments (33.3%) were seasonally occupied and 6 apartments (12.5%) were empty.<ref name=Housing>[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_09%20-%20Bau-%20und%20Wohnungswesen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen.asp?lang=1&prod=09&secprod=2&openChild=true Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907111534/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_09%20-%20Bau-%20und%20Wohnungswesen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen.asp?lang=1&prod=09&secprod=2&openChild=true |date=2014-09-07 }} {{in lang|de}} accessed 28 January 2011</ref> The vacancy rate for the municipality, {{as of|2010|alt=in 2010}}, was 3.85%.<ref name=SFSO/>
The historical population is given in the following chart:<ref name=HDS>{{HDS|427|Vellerat}}</ref><ref>[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.4%20-%201850-2000/40.4%20-%201850-2000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=4&openChild=true Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140930162751/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.4%20-%201850-2000/40.4%20-%201850-2000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=4&openChild=true |date=2014-09-30 }} {{in lang|de}} accessed 29 January 2011</ref> <timeline> Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) ImageSize = width:960 height:210 PlotArea = height:150 left:100 bottom:50 right:100 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:130 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:30 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:6 start:0 PlotData= color:yellowgreen width:40 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1850 from:start till:88 text:"88" bar:1860 from:start till:82 text:"82" bar:1870 from:start till:78 text:"78" bar:1880 from:start till:69 text:"69" bar:1888 from:start till:98 text:"98" bar:1900 from:start till:115 text:"115" bar:1910 from:start till:93 text:"93" bar:1920 from:start till:112 text:"112" bar:1930 from:start till:128 text:"128" bar:1941 from:start till:123 text:"123" bar:1950 from:start till:124 text:"124" bar:1960 from:start till:77 text:"77" bar:1970 from:start till:64 text:"64" bar:1990 from:start till:70 text:"70" bar:2000 from:start till:66 text:"66" </timeline>
==Twin Town== Vellerat is twinned with the town of Voeren, Belgium.<ref>[http://www.asccre.ch/N198/jura-jura-giura/?M=220 Conseil des Communes et Regions d'Europe] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120728111238/http://www.asccre.ch/N198/jura-jura-giura/?M=220 |date=2012-07-28 }} {{in lang|fr}} accessed 27 April 2011</ref>
==Politics== In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SPS which received 56.25% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (21.88%), the SVP (14.06%) and the FDP (6.25%). In the federal election, a total of 33 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 58.9%.<ref>[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/02/blank/data/04/03.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office, ''Nationalratswahlen 2007: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung, nach Gemeinden/Bezirk/Canton''] {{in lang|de}} accessed 28 May 2010</ref>
==Economy== {{as of|2010|In 2010}}, Vellerat had an unemployment rate of 3.5%. {{as of|2008}}, there were 4 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 3 businesses involved in this sector. 1 person was employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector. 2 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 1 business in this sector.<ref name=SFSO/> There were 41 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 34.1% of the workforce.
{{as of|2008|alt=In 2008}} the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 6. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 3, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 1, all of which were in manufacturing. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 2. In the tertiary sector; 2 or 100.0% were in the information industry, and .<ref>[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_06%20-%20Industrie%20und%20Dienstleistungen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen.asp?lang=1&prod=06&secprod=2&openChild=true Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225013454/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_06%20-%20Industrie%20und%20Dienstleistungen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen.asp?lang=1&prod=06&secprod=2&openChild=true |date=2014-12-25 }} {{in lang|de}} accessed 28 January 2011</ref>
{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, there were 30 workers who commuted away from the municipality.<ref name=commuter>[http://www.media-stat.admin.ch/stat/pendler/pop.php Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120804043150/http://www.media-stat.admin.ch/stat/pendler/pop.php |date=2012-08-04 }} {{in lang|de}} accessed 24 June 2010</ref> Of the working population, 9.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 73.2% used a private car.<ref name=SFSO/>
==Religion== From the {{as of|2000|alt=2000 census}}, 43 or 65.2% were Roman Catholic, while 8 or 12.1% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church. 11 (or about 16.67% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 3 individuals (or about 4.55% of the population) did not answer the question.<ref name=STAT2000/>
==Education== In Vellerat about 34 or (51.5%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 5 or (7.6%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a ''Fachhochschule''). Of the 5 who completed tertiary schooling, 40.0% were Swiss men, 20.0% were Swiss women.<ref name=STAT2000/>
The Canton of Jura school system provides two year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school followed by some form of Tertiary school or they may enter an apprenticeship.<ref>{{Cite report |title=Kantonale Schulstrukturen in der Schweiz und im Fürstentum Liechtenstein / Structures Scolaires Cantonales en Suisse et Dans la Principauté du Liechtenstein |url= http://edudoc.ch/record/35128/files/Schulsystem_alle.pdf |author= EDK/CDIP/IDES |year= 2010 |access-date= 24 June 2010 }}</ref>
During the 2009-10 school year, there were no students attending school in Vellerat.
{{as of|2000}}, there were 10 students from Vellerat who attended schools outside the municipality.<ref name=commuter/>
==Asteroid== {{Commons category}} Asteroid 212374 Vellerat, discovered by amateur astronomer Michel Ory in 2006, was named in honor of the village.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The official {{MoMP|212374|naming citation}} was published by the Minor Planet Center on 9 January 2020 ({{small|M.P.C. 120069}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />
== References == {{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web |title = (212374) Vellerat |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=212374 |access-date = 1 February 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |access-date = 1 February 2020}}</ref>
}} <!-- end of reflist -->
{{Authority control}}
Category:Former municipalities of the canton of Jura