Vanda

{{Short description|Genus of orchids}} {{Other uses}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Vanda coerulea Orchi 6052.jpg | image_caption = ''Vanda coerulea'' | display_parents = 3 | taxon = Vanda | authority = Gaud. ex Pfitzer | type_species = ''Vanda roxburghii'' R.Br.<ref name = "IPNI, 2023">''Vanda'' | International Plant Names Index. (n.d.). Retrieved July 1, 2023, from https://www.ipni.org/n/30077641-2</ref> | synonyms_ref = <ref name = "POWO" /> | synonyms = *''Ascocentrum'' Schltr. *''Euanthe'' Schltr. *''Finetia'' Schltr. *''Neofinetia'' Hu *''Nipponorchis'' Masam. *''Eparmatostigma'' Garay *''Trudelia'' Garay *× ''Trudelianda'' Garay *''Christensonia'' Haager *''Ascocentropsis'' Senghas & Schildh. *''Gunnaria'' S.C.Chen ex Z.J.Liu & L.J.Chen }}

'''''Vanda''''', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as '''''V.''',''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/plant-registration-forms/orchid-name-abbreviations-list.pdf|title=Alphabetical list of standard abbreviations of all generic names occurring in current use in orchid hybrid registration as at 31st December 2007|publisher=Royal Horticultural Society}}</ref> is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are 90 species,<ref name = "POWO" /> and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among the most specifically adapted of all orchids within the Orchidaceae. The genus is highly prized in horticulture for its showy, fragrant, long-lasting, and intensely colorful flowers.<ref name="ReferenceA">The Orchids, Natural History and Classification, Robert L. Dressler. {{ISBN|0-674-87526-5}}</ref> ''Vanda'' species are widespread across East Asia, Southeast Asia, and New Guinea, with a few species extending into Queensland and some of the islands of the western Pacific.<ref name = "POWO">{{cite POWO |id=30077641-2 |title=''Vanda'' R.Br. |access-date=16 December 2023}}</ref><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=134346 Flora of China v 25 p 471, <big>万代兰属</big> wan dai lan shu, ''Vanda'' Jones ex R. Brown, Bot. Reg. 6: ad t. 506. 1820. ]</ref>

== Etymology == The generic name ''Vanda'' is derived from the Sanskrit (वन्दाका)<ref>[http://www.spokensanskrit.de/index.php?tinput=vandAkA&direction=SE&script=HK&link=yes&beginning= vandAkA] Sanskrit English Dictionary, University of Koeln, Germany</ref> name for the species ''Vanda roxburghii'' (a synonym of ''Vanda tessellata'').<ref name="ATRFO">{{cite web |url=https://www.canbr.gov.au/cpbr/cd-keys/RFKOrchids/key/rfkorchids/Media/Html/genera/Vanda.htm |title=Vanda |author=Jones D.L. |display-authors=etal |website=Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids |year=2006 |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australian Government |access-date=16 March 2021 }}</ref><ref>Garay, L. (1972), On the systematics of the monopodial orchids, Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard University, 23(4): 149-212</ref>

==Distribution== These mostly epiphytic, but sometimes lithophytic or terrestrial orchids, are distributed in India, Himalaya, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea, southern China, and northern Australia.<ref name="ATRFO" />

==Description== The genus has a monopodial growth habit with flat, typically broad, ovoid leaves (strap-leaves). Species with cylindrical (terete), fleshy leaves, which are adapted to dry periods were transferred to the genus Papilionanthe. The stems of these orchids vary considerably in size; some are miniature plants and some have a length of several meters. The plants can become quite massive in habitat and in cultivation, and epiphytic species possess very large, rambling aerial root systems. The roots have pneumatodes.<ref>Eschrich, W. (1995). Gaswechsel. In Funktionelle Pflanzenanatomie (pp. 75-109). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.</ref>

The few to many flattened flowers grow on a lateral inflorescence. Most show a yellow-brown color with brown markings, but they also appear in white, green, orange, red, and burgundy shades. The lip has a small spur. ''Vanda'' species usually bloom every few months and the flowers last for two to three weeks.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vanda (Vanda Orchid) {{!}} North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox |url=https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/vanda/ |access-date=2026-05-14 |website=plants.ces.ncsu.edu}}</ref>

==Ecology== ===Pollination=== ''Vanda falcata'' has been reported to be pollinated by several hawkmoth species of the genus ''Theretra'', namely ''Theretra japonica'' and ''Theretra nessus''.<ref name = "Suetsugu et al., 2015">Suetsugu, K., Tanaka, K., Okuyama, Y., & Yukawa, T. (2015). [https://www.academia.edu/download/47114467/Potential_pollinator_of_Vanda_falcata_O20160708-14493-1intagu.pdf "Potential pollinator of ''Vanda falcata'' (Orchidaceae): ''Theretra'' (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) hawkmoths are visitors of long spurred orchid."] European Journal of Entomology, 112(2), 393.</ref>

==Conservation== Many ''Vanda'' orchids, particularly ''V. coerulea'', are endangered. These species have never been common in the wild and are typically encountered only infrequently in their natural habitats. They grow mainly in disturbed forest areas with high light levels and are therefore especially vulnerable to habitat destruction.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> The export of wild-collected specimens of the blue orchid (''V. coerulea'') and other wild ''Vanda'' species is prohibited worldwide, as all orchids are listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species.

== Cultivation == {{Unreferenced section|date=December 2024}} This genus is one of the five most horticulturally important orchid genera, because it has some of the most magnificent flowers to be found in the orchid family.{{citation needed|date=October 2012}} This has contributed much to the work of hybridists producing flowers for the cut flower market. ''V. coerulea'' is one of the few botanical orchids which can produce varieties with blue flowers (actually a very bluish purple), a property much appreciated for producing interspecific and intergeneric hybrids.

The color blue is rare among orchids, and only certain species of ''Thelymitra'', a terrestrial species from Australia, produces flowers that are truly "blue" among the orchids. These species, much like ''Vanda'', also have a bluish-purple tint towards the inner petals of the flowers.

''Vanda dearei'' is one of the chief sources of yellow color in ''Vanda'' hybrids.

The plants do not possess pseudobulbs, but do possess leathery, drought-resistant leaves. Almost all of the species in this genus are very large epiphytes found in disturbed areas in habitat and prefer very high light levels, the plants having large root systems. Some of these species have a monopodial vine-like growth habit, and the plants can quickly become quite massive.

These plants prefer consistent conditions day-to-day in cultivation to avoid dropping their bottom leaves. The epiphytic species are best accommodated in large wooden baskets, bare rooted, which allows for the large aerial root systems. Disturbing or damaging the roots of large, mature vandaceous orchid plants, and in particular, ''Vanda'' and ''Aerides'' species, can result in the plants failing to flower and going into decline for a season or more. These plants do not tolerate disturbance or damage of their root systems in cultivation when they become mature. The terete-leaved terrestrial species are very easy to cultivate.

When grown bare-rooted, the epiphytic species require daily watering and weekly feeding and are very heavy feeders in cultivation. They can be grown out-of-doors in Hawaii and the like provided they are given some shade.

===Fungal infections=== thumb|right|Cross section of ''Vanda'' stem infected with ''Fusarium'', exhibiting typical purple spotting of vascular tissue Unfortunately fungal infections are not uncommon in cultivated plants. A variety of phytopathogens may infect ''Vanda'' orchids. Vandas may be affected by ''Fusarium'' wilt. This disease is characterized by purple discolouration in the vascular tissue, which results in the loss of their function. The hyphae and spores block the conductor vessels. Affected plants may superficially appear healthy, as they continue to grow, the oldest parts of the plants can be affected and the disease will eventually progress throughout the entire plant.<ref>Pedroso-de-Moraes, C., Souza, M. C. D., Ronconi, C. C., & Marteline, M. A. (2011). Response of Cattleya hybrids for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cattleyae Foster. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 54(2), 267-271.</ref> If cutting tools are not sterilized the infection may spread to other plants.<ref>Reddy, P. P. (2016). Orchids. In Sustainable Crop Protection under Protected Cultivation (pp. 393-407). Springer, Singapore.</ref>

== Systematics == In a recent molecular study of the genus ''Vanda'' ,<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1006/anbo.1998.0801 | volume=83 | issue=2 | title=RAPD Analysis of Some Species in the GenusVanda(Orchidaceae) | journal=Annals of Botany | pages=193–196| year=1999 | last1=Lim | first1=S. | bibcode=1999AnBot..83..193L | doi-access=free }}</ref> several Genera including the former Genus ''Ascocentrum'', ''Neofinetia'' and ''Euanthe'' were brought into synonym with ''Vanda''.<ref name = "POWO" />

=== Species === The following is a list of ''Vanda'' species recognised by Plants of the World Online as of January 2025 separated by sections:<ref name="f354">{{cite journal | last1=Gardiner | first1=Lauren M. | last2=Kocyan | first2=Alexander | last3=Motes | first3=Martin | last4=Roberts | first4=David L. | last5=Emerson | first5=Brent C. | title=Molecular phylogenetics of''Vanda''and related genera (Orchidaceae) | journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society | publisher=Oxford University Press (OUP) | volume=173 | issue=4 | date=2013-10-29 | issn=0024-4074 | doi=10.1111/boj.12102 | pages=549–572| hdl=10261/178619 | hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref name = "POWO" /> {| class="wikitable collapsible sortable" |- !Section !! Image !! Name !! Year !!Distribution !! Elevation (m) |- ! rowspan="9" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Ascocentrum'' {{au|Gardiner}} |120px ||''Vanda ampullacea'' {{au|(Roxb.) L.M.Gardiner}} ||1914 ||Nepal, China (southern Yunnan), India (Sikkim, Andaman Islands, Assam), Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam ||{{convert| 300 - 1500|m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda aurantiaca'' {{au|(Schltr.) L.M.Gardiner}} ||2012 ||Bali, Sulawesi and the Philippines ||{{convert| 1200 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda aurea'' {{au|(J.J.Sm.) L.M.Gardiner}} ||2012 ||Maluku (Sula) || |- |120px ||''Vanda curvifolia'' {{au|(Lindl.) L.M.Gardiner}} ||2012 ||India (Assam), Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, southern China and Vietnam ||{{convert| 0 - 700 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda garayi'' {{au|(Christenson) L.M.Gardiner}} ||2012 || Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam||{{convert| 0 - 1000 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda insularum'' {{au|(Christenson) L.M.Gardiner}} ||2012 ||Maratua island to the east of Kalimantan, Borneo || |- | ||''Vanda karinae'' {{au|Motes}} ||2021 ||India (Assam) || |- |120px ||''Vanda miniata'' {{au|(Lindl.) L.M.Gardiner}} ||2012 ||Malaysia, Sumatra, Java and the Philippines || |- | ||''Vanda rubra'' {{au|(Lindl.) L.M.Gardiner}} ||2012 ||Myanmar, Vietnam|| |- ! rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Ascocentropsis'' {{au|Gardiner}} |120px ||''Vanda christensoniana'' {{au|(Haager) L.M.Gardiner}} ||1993 ||Vietnam ||{{convert| 0 - 700 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda hienii'' {{au|(Aver. & V.C.Nguyen) R.Rice}} || 2019 ||Vietnam (Cao Bang) ||{{convert| 1300 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda malipoensis'' {{au|L.H.Zou, Jiu X.Huang & Z.J.Liu}} ||2014 ||China (Yunnan) || |- |120px ||''Vanda nana'' {{au|L.M.Gardiner}} || 2012 ||Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia || |- ! rowspan="8" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Cristatae'' {{au| Lindl.}}<ref name="v928">{{cite journal | last1=Gardiner | first1=Lauren M. | last2=Hawkins | first2=Julie A. | last3=Roberts | first3=David L. | title=Species Delimitation in Vanda Sect. Cristatae Lindl. (Orchidaceae): A Morphometric Approach | journal=Selbyana | publisher=Marie Selby Botanical Gardens Inc. | volume=26 | issue=1/2 | year=2005 | issn=0361-185X | jstor=41760227 | pages=347–353 | url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41760227 | access-date=2026-04-02}}</ref> |120px ||''Vanda alpina'' {{au|(Lindl.) Lindl.}} ||1853 ||India (Assam, Sikkim), Nepal, Bhutan, China (Yunnan) ||{{convert| 1200 - 2000 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda chlorosantha'' {{au|(Garay) Christenson}} ||1992 ||Bhutan || |- |120x120px||''Vanda cristata'' {{au|Wall. ex Lindl.}} || 1828||Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan, China (Yunnan, Xizang) ||{{convert| 600 - 2300 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda flavobrunnea'' {{au|Rchb.f.}} || 1886||India(Sikkim), Bhutan, Nepal, Myanmar, China, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand and Sumatra ||{{convert| 700 - 1400 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda griffithii'' {{au|Lindl.}} ||1851 ||Nepal, Bhutan|| {{convert| 1500 - 1800 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda jainii'' {{au|A.S.Chauhan}} ||1984 ||India (Assam) || |- | ||''Vanda longitepala'' {{au|D.L.Roberts, L.M.Gardiner & Motes}} ||2008 publ. 2009 ||Myanmar ||{{convert| 1200 - 1500 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda sathishii'' {{au|Motes}} ||2022 || India (Kerala) || |- ! rowspan="10" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Dactylolobatae'' {{au|W. Suarez & Cootes, Philipp}}<ref name="p030">{{cite web | last1=Motes | first1=Martin | last2=Gardiner | first2=Lauren M. | last3=Roberts | first3=David L. | title=(PDF) Vanda section Dactylolobatae: a summary, two new species, and a key to identification | website=ResearchGate | issue=2 | date=2015-06-01 | url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277311905_Vanda_section_Dactylolobatae_a_summary_two_new_species_and_a_key_to_identification | access-date=2026-04-02 | pages=98–104}}</ref> | ||''Vanda aliceae'' {{au|Motes, L.M.Gardiner & D.L.Roberts}} ||2015 ||Bacan Island, North Moluccas || |- | ||''Vanda celebica'' {{au|Rolfe}} ||1899 ||Indonesia (Sulawesi) ||{{convert|500 - 600 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda crassiloba'' {{au|Teijsm. & Binn. ex J.J.Sm.}} ||1905 ||Maluku (Ambon, Seram) || |- | ||''Vanda frankieana'' {{au|Metusala & P.O'Byrne}} ||2011 ||Borneo (Kalimantan) || |- | ||''Vanda gibbsiae'' {{au|Rolfe}} ||1914 ||Borneo ||{{convert| 800 - 1100 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda hastifera'' {{au|Rchb.f.}} ||1877 ||Borneo ||{{convert| 600 - 1200 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda lindenii'' {{au|Rchb.f.}} ||1886 ||New Guinea || |- | ||''Vanda mindanaoensis'' {{au|Motes, L.M.Gardiner & D.L.Roberts}} ||2015 ||Philippines (Mindanao) ||{{convert|500 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda saxatilis'' {{au|J.J.Sm.}} ||1926 ||Buru Islands, Maluku, Indonesia || |- | ||''Vanda scandens'' {{au|Holttum}} ||1950 || Philippines ( Mindanao, Palawan)|| |- ! rowspan="26" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Deltoglossa'' {{au|Christenson}} |120px ||''Vanda arcuata'' {{au|J.J.Sm.}} || 1907 || Indonesia - Sulawesi|| |- | ||''Vanda bartholomewii'' {{au|Motes}} ||2021 ||Maluku || |- | ||''Vanda chirayupiniae'' {{au|Wannakr.}} ||1894 || Malaysia, the Philippines||{{convert|1500 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda cootesii'' {{au|Motes}} ||2016 || Philippines (Mindano) ||{{convert| 400 - 1500 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda dearei'' {{au|Rchb.f.}} || 1886 || Borneo||{{convert| 0 - 300 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda devoogtii'' {{au|J.J.Sm.}} ||1932 ||Sulawesi || |- | ||''Vanda emilyae'' {{au|Motes}} ||2021 ||Papua New Guinea to Bismarck Archipelago. || |- | ||''Vanda floresensis'' {{au|Motes}} ||2021 ||Lesser Sunda Islands (Flores) || |- |120px ||''Vanda foetida'' {{au|J.J.Sm.}} ||1906 ||S. Sumatra || |- | ||''Vanda furva'' {{au|(L.) Lindl.}} || 1905 ||Java, Maluku ||{{convert| 100 - 600 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda helvola'' {{au|Blume}} ||1849 || Java, Sumatra, Borneo and western Malaysia, Philippines ||{{convert| 400 - 1500 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda hindsii'' {{au|Lindl.}} || 1843 ||Papuasia, Australia (N. Queensland) ||{{convert| 0 - 450 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda insignis'' {{au|Blume ex Lindl.}} ||1849 ||Lesser Sunda Is., Malaysia, the Moluccas || |- | ||''Vanda jennae'' {{au|P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.}} || 2005 ||Sulawesi || |- |120px ||''Vanda limbata'' {{au|Blume}} ||1849 ||Java, Lesser Sunda Is., the Philippines (Mindanao) ||{{convert| 3 - 700 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda lombokensis'' {{au|J.J.Sm.}} ||1925 ||Lesser Sunda (Lombok Island) ||{{convert| 1200 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda luzonica'' {{au|Loher ex Rolfe}} || 1915 ||Philippines (Luzon) ||{{convert| 500 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda mariae'' {{au|Motes}} ||2016 ||Philippines (Mindanao) || |- |120px ||''Vanda merrillii'' {{au|Ames & Quisumb.}} ||1932 ||Philippines (Luzon) ||{{convert| 500 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda metusalae'' {{au|P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.}} || 2008||Moluccas, Sulawesi ||{{convert| 100 - 600 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda perplexa'' {{au|Motes & D.L.Roberts}} || 2013|| Komodo Island of the Lesser Sunda Islands || |- | ||''Vanda punctata'' {{au|Ridl.}} ||1923 ||Lesser Sunda Islands (Tanimbar Islands) || |- | ||''Vanda suavis'' {{au|Lindl.}} ||1848 ||Java || |- | ||''Vanda sumatrana'' {{au|Schltr.}} ||1911 ||Sumatra ||{{convert| 300 - 1000 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda tricolor'' {{au|Lindl.}} ||1849 ||Laos, Java, Bali || {{convert| 700 - 1600 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda ustii'' {{au|Golamco, Claustro & de Mesa}} || 2000 ||Philippines (Luzon) ||{{convert| 1250 |m|ft}} |- ! rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Eparmatostigma'' {{au|Gardiner}} | ||''Vanda dives'' {{au|(Rchb.f.) L.M.Gardiner}} || 2012 ||Vietnam, Laos || |- ! rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Flabellatae'' {{au|Gardiner}} |120px ||''Vanda flabellata'' {{au|(Rolfe ex Downie) Christenson}} ||1985 || Thailand, Myanmar, China (Yunnan)||{{convert| 200 - 1700|m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda lilacina'' {{au|Teijsm. & Binn.}} ||1862 ||China (Yunnan), Thailand and Laos ||{{convert| 100 - 1000|m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda vietnamica'' {{au|(Haager) L.M.Gardiner}} ||2012 ||Vietnam ||{{convert| 0 - 700 |m|ft}} |- ! rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Lamellaria'' {{au| Lindl.}}<ref name="p030"/> |120px ||''Vanda barnesii'' {{au|W.E.Higgins & Motes}} || 2012 ||Philippines (North Luzon) ||{{convert| 1200 - 1600 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda javierae'' {{au|D.Tiu ex Fessel & Lückel}} ||1984 ||Philippines (Luzon) ||{{convert| 1200 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda lamellata'' {{au|Lindl.}} ||1838 ||Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, Philippines, Borneo (Sabah), and the Marianas Islands ||{{convert| 0 - 300 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda roeblingiana'' {{au|Rolfe}} || 1894||penninsular Malaysia, the Philippines (Luzon) || |- |120px ||''Vanda sanderiana'' {{au|(Rchb.f.) Rchb.f.}} ||1882 || Philippines (Mindanao)||{{convert| 0 - 500 |m|ft}} |- ! rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Neofinetia'' {{au|Gardiner}} |120px ||''Vanda falcata'' {{au|(Thunb.) Beer}} ||1854 ||Japan, China (Fujian, S Gansu, SW Hubei, W Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang), Korea and the Ryukyu Islands ||{{convert| 1500 - 1600|m|ft}} |- ! rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Longicalcarata'' {{au|Christenson}} |120px ||''Vanda coerulea'' {{au|Griff. ex Lindl.}} || 1847|| China (Yunnan), India(Assam, Nagaland, Meghalaya), Myanmar and Thailand ||{{convert| 800 - 1700 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda coerulescens'' {{au|Griff.}} ||1851 || India(Assam, Arunachal Pradesh), China (Yunnan), Myanmar, Thailand||{{convert| 300 - 1200 |m|ft}} |- ! rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Obtusiloba'' {{au|Christenson}} |120px ||''Vanda bicolor'' {{au|Griff.}} ||1851 ||India (Assam), Bhutan and Myanmar ||{{convert| 700 - 2000 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda brunnea'' {{au|Rchb.f.}} ||1868 ||India, Myanmar, Thailand, China (Yunnan) ||{{convert| 800 - 1550 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda denisoniana'' {{au|Benson & Rchb.f.}} ||1869 || China (Yunnan), Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam||{{convert| 450 - 1200 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda gardinerae'' {{au|Motes}} ||2021 || Thailand. || |- | ||''Vanda vipanii'' {{au|Rchb.f.}} ||1882 ||Myanmar || |- ! rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Testacea'' {{au|Gardiner}} |120px ||''Vanda bensonii'' {{au|Bateman}} ||1866 || India (Assam), Myanmar and Thailand|| |- | ||''Vanda funingensis'' {{au|L.H.Zou & Z.J.Liu}} ||2016 ||China (Yunnan) || |- | ||''Vanda liouvillei'' {{au|Finet}} ||1912 ||India (Assam), Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand and Laos || |- | ||''Vanda parviflora'' {{au|Lindl.}} ||1844 ||Myanmar and Thailand ||{{convert| 780 - 2000 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda testacea'' {{au|(Lindl.) Rchb.f.}} ||1877 ||Myanmar, Sri Lanka, India(Assam), China, Nepal and Bhutan ||{{convert| 780 - 2000 |m|ft}} |- ! rowspan="10" style="text-align:center;"| Section ''Vanda'' | ||''Vanda bidupensis'' {{au|Aver. & Christenson}} ||1998 ||Vietnam ||{{convert| 1450 - 1750 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda concolor'' {{au|Blume}} ||1849 || China (Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan), Vietnam ||{{convert| 700 - 1600 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda esquirolii'' {{au|Schltr.}} ||1921 ||China (SW. Guizhou, Guangxi), Laos, Vietnam || |- | ||''Vanda fuscoviridis'' {{au|Lindl.}} ||1848 ||China (Guangdong) to Vietnam || |- | ||''Vanda gracilis'' {{au|Aver.}} || 2015 ||Vietnam ||{{convert| 200 - 250 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda hennisiana'' {{au|Ormerod & Kurzweil}} || 2022 ||Myanmar, Vietnam || |- |120px ||''Vanda motesiana'' {{au|Choltco}} ||2009 || India (Arunachal Pradesh )|| |- |120px ||''Vanda tessellata'' {{au|(Roxb.) Hook. ex G.Don}} || 1830 || China (Yunnan), India (Assam), Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Myanmar ||{{convert|1500 |m|ft}} |- | ||''Vanda thwaitesii'' {{au|Hook.f.}} ||1898 ||India (Kerala, Karnataka), Sri Lanka ||{{convert| 800 - 1000 |m|ft}} |- |120px ||''Vanda wightii'' {{au|Rchb.f.}} ||1864 || India(Karnataka, Kerala) and Sri Lanka || |- |}

=== Natural hybrids === *''Vanda × amoena'' {{au|O'Brien 1897}} (''V. coerulea'' × ''V. tessellata'') (Assam) *''Vanda × boumaniae'' {{au|J.J.Sm. 1931}} (''V. insignis'' × ''V. perplexa'') (Lesser Sunda Is.) *''Vanda × charlesworthii'' {{au|Rolfe 1894}} (''V. bensonii'' × ''V. coerulea'') (Myanmar) *''Vanda × feliciae'' {{au|Cootes 2019}} (''V. lamellata var. boxallii'' × ''V. ustii'') (Philippines (Luzon)) *''Vanda × hebraica'' {{au|Motes & L.M.Gardiner & D.L.Roberts 2016}} (''V. denisoniana'' × ''V. brunnea'') (Myanmar)<ref>Motes, M., Gardiner, L. M., & Roberts, D. L. (2016). The identity of spotted Vanda denisoniana. Orchid Review, 124(1316), 228-233.</ref> *''Vanda × leucostele'' {{au|Schltr. 1911}} (''V. foetida'' × ''V. helvola'') (Sumatera) *''Vanda × loii'' {{au|Motes 2021}} (''V. lamellata'' × ''V. merrillii'') (Philippines) *''Vanda × peetersiana'' {{au|(Cogn.) André 1898}} (''V. coerulea'' × ''V. coerulescens'') (Assam)

=== Intergeneric hybrids === {{Unreferenced section|date=December 2024}} thumb|right|240px|''Vanda'' Pachara Delight thumb|''Vanda'' Robert's Delight 'Crownfox Magic' thumb|''Vanda'' Sansai Blue The following is a list of hybrid genera (nothogenera) in which hybrids vandas with orchids of other genera are placed although many of these are invalid because of recent taxonomic changes. For instance, × ''Ascocenda'' (''Ascocentrum'' x ''Vanda'') and × ''Vandofinetia'' (''Vanda'' x ''Neofinetia'') are no longer valid because both ''Ascocentrum'' and ''Neofinetia'' have been reduced to synonyms of Vanda by RHS, which is in charge of the International Orchid Register: {{div col|colwidth=35em}} * × ''Aeridovanda'' (''Aerides'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Aeridovanisia'' (''Aerides'' × ''Luisia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Alphonsoara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Andrewara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Aranda'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Ascocenda'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Ascovandoritis'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Doritis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Bokchoonara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Bovornara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Burkillara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Charlieara'' (''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Christieara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Darwinara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Debruyneara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Luisia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Devereuxara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Eastonara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Gastrochilus'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Fujiora'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Goffara'' (''Luisia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Hawaiiara'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Hagerara'' (''Doritis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Himoriara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Holttumara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Isaoara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Joannara'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Kagawara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Knappara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Knudsonara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Leeara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Luisanda'' (''Luisia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Luivanetia'' (''Luisia'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Lewisara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Maccoyara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Macekara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Micholitzara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Moirara'' (''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Mokara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Nakamotoara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Nobleara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Okaara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Onoara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Opsisanda'' (''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Pageara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Luisia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Pantapaara'' (''Ascoglossum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Paulara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Doritis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Pehara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Pereiraara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Phalaerianda'' (''Aerides'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Raganara'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Ramasamyara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Renafinanda'' (''Neofinetia'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Renanda'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Renantanda'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Rhynchovanda'' (''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Ridleyare'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Robinaria'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Ronnyara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Sanjumeara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Sarcovanda'' (''Sarcochilus'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Shigeuraara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Ascoglossum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Stamariaara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Sutingara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Teohara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Trevorara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Trichovanda'' (''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vascostylis'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandachnis'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Vancampe'' (''Acampe'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandachostylis'' (''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandaenopsis'' (''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandaeranthes'' (''Aeranthes'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandewegheara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Doritis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandofinetia'' (''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandofinides'' (''Aerides'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandoritis'' (''Doritis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vanglossum'' (''Ascoglossum'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Wilkinsara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Yapara'' (''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Yusofara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Yonezawaara'' (''Neofinetia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') {{div col end}}

== References == {{Reflist}}

== Further reading == * Grove, D. L. 1995. Vandas and Ascocendas. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon. 241 pp. * Motes, Martin R., and Alan L. Hoffman. 1997 Vandas, Their botany, history and culture. {{ISBN|0-88192-376-1}}

== External links == *{{Commons-inline|Vanda (Orchidaceae)|''Vanda''}} *{{Wikispecies-inline|Vanda|''Vanda''}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070320044857/http://infopedia.nlb.gov.sg/details/SIP_752_2005-01-10.html Vanda Miss Joaquim]

Category:Vanda Category:Vandeae genera Category:Epiphytic orchids