{{Short description|Belarusian pro-democracy activist}} {{overly detailed|date=January 2018}} {{Infobox person |name = Valery Levaneuski<br>{{lang|ru|Валерий Левоневский}} |image = Valery Levaneuski.jpg |caption = Valery Levaneuski |birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1963|8|15|df=yes}} |birth_place = Grodno, Byelorussian SSR, USSR |death_date = |death_place = |other_names = |known_for = |alma_mater = |occupation = entrepreneur, opposition leader, president of the National Strike Committee |website = http://levonevsky.org }}
'''Valery Stanislavovich Levaneuski''' ({{langx|ru|Вале́рий Станисла́вович Левоне́вский}}, {{langx|be|Вале́ры Станісла́вавіч Леване́ўскі}}, {{langx|pl|Walery Lewoniewski}}) is a Belarusian political and social activist, and former political prisoner. Amnesty International recognizes him as a prisoner of conscience.<ref name="nn1">[https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/EUR49/009/2006/en Valerii Levonevskii and Aleksander Vasiliev were imprisoned for publishing a poem]</ref>
==Biography== Valery Levaneuski was born on 15 August 1963 into a large family in Grodno.
In 1979, Levaneuski became a candidate for master of sports boxing.
In 1980 Levaneuski began a career as a fitter in mechanical workshops.
From 1980 to 1982, Levaneuski served in the Soviet Armed Forces. He was an expert of Soviet and Bulgarian armies.
Between 1985 and 1991, Levaneuski was an adjuster of radio electronics, a mechanic of control and measuring devices and apparatus, and an engineer in various Grodno enterprises.
In 1991 Levaneuski registered as an entrepreneur. He directed the regional union for protection of taxpayers’, consumers’ and drivers’ rights in Grodno, as well as the Grodno information and legal center and Grodno consumer protection center.
Since 1996, Valery Levaneuski has been under close scrutiny by the authorities and subjected to searches, confiscation of property and questioning over various charges.
Since 1996, he leads the strike committee (so-called Stachkom) of entrepreneurs of the Republic of Belarus. He organized numerous mass protests of entrepreneurs in the Republic of Belarus that resulted in him being fined, arrested and prosecuted. He is a founder and chief editor of “The Employer” Republican bulletin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://levonevski.net/employer |title="The Employer" bulletin (Internet-version) |access-date=2011-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814120531/http://www.levonevski.net/employer/ |archive-date=2011-08-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref> On numerous occasions he participated in elections as a parliamentary candidate for municipal and regional legislative bodies. Every time his registration of a candidate was denied for political reasons.<ref>[http://www.charter97.org/rus/news/2003/02/03/levonevsky Valery Levaneuski is denied registration as a parliamentary candidate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402202723/http://www.charter97.org/rus/news/2003/02/03/levonevsky |date=2012-04-02 }} - text in Russian</ref><ref>[http://www.afn.by/news/i/47349 Commission of the Northern elective division of Grodno denied registration of the advocacy group for Valery Levaneuski] - text in Russian</ref>
In 2001, he ran for President of the Belarus Republic.<ref>[http://ru.belaruselections.info/archive/2001/chronicle/0031091/ 25 people compete for Belarusian Presidency] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127010046/http://ru.belaruselections.info/archive/2001/chronicle/0031091/ |date=2024-11-27 }} - text in Russian</ref> He broke the slate <ref>[http://www.rol.ru/news/misc/newssng/01/07/20_057.htm Stachkom representative Valery Levaneuski quits pre-elective run – Information company BelaPAN] - text in Russian</ref><ref>[http://ru.belaruselections.info/archive/2001/chronicle/0031171/ Nineteen thousand signatures were gathered in support for potential candidate for President, Valery Levaneuski – Information company BelaPAN] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123232745/http://ru.belaruselections.info/archive/2001/chronicle/0031171/ |date=2025-01-23 }} - text in Russian</ref> because of the change of legislation during the elections (Decree #20 from year 2001 <ref>[http://newsby.org/documents/dekretp/dek00109.htm Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus dated June 26, 2001 #20]</ref>).
In 2002, the strike committee led by Levaneuski organized a strike of 120,000 small traders calling for President Lukashenko to be ousted and blaming him personally for the suppression of small businesses in Belarus.<ref name="nn1" />
In February 2003, Levaneuski was denied registration as candidate for Deputy.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2003/02/03/levonevsky |title=Valery Levonevsky Denied Registration As Candidate for Deputy |access-date=2009-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305205940/http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2003/02/03/levonevsky |archive-date=2012-03-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
From 15 May 2004 to 15 May 2006 - served sentence of imprisonment in a colony, with confiscation of property, under art. 368, part 2 of the Criminal Code (insult to the President of the Republic of Belarus). Fully served a two-year prison sentence and was released on 15 May 2006.
2004-2006 – served sentence in form of confinement at general regime penal colony with confiscation of property in accordance with part 2, article 368 of Criminal Code of the Republic of Belarus (contempt of the President of the Belarus Republic). Valery Levaunevski could not be released on conditional discharge or on amnesty. While serving his sentence in penal colonies he was penalized in form of placing into disciplinary cell, denial of relatives' visits, and also tortures, threat of homicide from administration of correctional facility. All of it was for the central purpose: for him to sign the public waiver of his political activity. Valery was denied of the qualified medical assistance and medical supervision during the entire term of his imprisonment. He was not allowed to appeal sanctions of prison administration in court.
Valery Levaneuski has served his entire 2-year sentence, “done” his time “from start to finish” in various prisons and colonies,<ref name="nn1" /> including:
* Prison #1 of the city of Grodno * Pre-trial detention center #1, Minsk * Pre-trial detention center #6, Baranovichi * Penal colony #22, “Wolf burrows”, Brest Region * Penal colony #19, Mogilev
2010 – release of a documentary “In Government’s Hindsight” <ref>[http://www.levonevsky.org/texts/doc295.htm Film: Valery Levaneuski – In Government’s Hindsight (video)]</ref> dedicated to the development of strike movement of entrepreneurs in Belarus. Valery Levaneuski, main character of the film, tells about importance and dangers of having a business in Belarus. Film was a winner of the 15th All-Polish documental watch BAZAR in Poznań.
==Arrests and searches== On 8 July 2001, Levaneuski and three members of his initiative group were detained by the police while collecting voters' signatures on a parking lot near the road police station on outskirts of Lida.<ref>[http://www.ilhr.org/ilhr/regional/belarus/updates/2001/28.htm CANDIDATE DETAINED BY POLICE FOR COLLECTING SIGNATURES]</ref>
29 August 2002 - Two juvenile sons of Valery Levaneuski were arrested in Mogilev while distributing a bulletin titled "Predprinimatel" ("The Entrepreneur") among vendors at a local outdoor market.<ref>[http://www.ilhr.org/ilhr/regional/belarus/updates/2002/36_02.htm MARKET VENDORS PROTEST TAX RISES, INSURANCE FEES]</ref>
On 11 October 2002, Valery Levaneuski was arrested in Grodno and charged with violation of Art. 167, par. 1 ("participation in mass actions violating public order") of the Belarusian Administrative Offenses Code for holding an authorized rally in protest against recent tax increases and insurance fees for small business owners.<ref>[http://www.ilhr.org/ilhr/regional/belarus/updates/2002/41_02.htm STRIKE LEADER CHARGED WITH STAGING UNAUTHORIZED RALLY] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101221162403/http://www.ilhr.org/ilhr/regional/belarus/updates/2002/41_02.htm |date=2010-12-21 }} - International League of Human Rights</ref>
Overnight on 15–16 February 2003, the law-enforcers raided the Grodno house of Valery Levaneuski. The raid commenced at 10.20p.m. and ended at 00.15a.m. Valery has just returned from Minsk. The night visit was carried out with certain acts of violence, applied against Valery's elder son Dmitry. As a result of the raid was confiscated copying machine and printed production.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2003/02/17/levon |title=Night Raid on Valery Levonevsky's Apartment |access-date=2009-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305205913/http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2003/02/17/levon |archive-date=2012-03-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In April 2003, he was arrested while delivering a petition from market traders to the parliament and subsequently sentenced to 15 days' imprisonment for taking part in the "March for a Better Life" on 12 March.
On 19 September 2004, Levaneuski's son detained at market in Lida for distributing news bulletin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2004/09/20/levon |title=Levonevsky's son detained at market in Lida for distributing leaflets, news bulletin |access-date=2009-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090605133819/http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2004/09/20/levon |archive-date=2009-06-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
==Criminal case==
On the threshold of 1 May 2004, there were leaflets distributed in Grodno that invited citizens to participate in an approved rally on 1 May. Leaflets also contained the following text:<ref name="nn1" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.zoneby.net/material/other39.htm |title=Leaflet that served as a grounds for initiation of criminal case #04065250036 |access-date=2011-07-20 |archive-date=2011-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006162900/http://zoneby.net/material/other39.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
{{blockquote|come and say that you are against 'somebody' going on holiday skiing in Austria and having a good time at your cost}}
Because it was well known that President of Belarus, Alexander Lukashenko was spending his vacation in Austria, prosecutor's office of Belarus has later considered it as a public insult of the President.
1 May 2004 Levaneuski was going to participate in a demonstration in Grodno that was approved by government, but in the morning he was detained upon leaving his home. Police officials delivered him to local police department, removed his money and passport and placed him into the temporary detention facility. Same morning Levaneuski's children were also detained, but they were released from police department several hours later.<ref>[http://www.afn.by/news/i/44073 Valery Levaneuski is arrested] - text in Russian</ref>
On 3 May 2004 Valery Levaneuski was convicted to 15-day arrest. In violation of law, he was judged not in a court house, but in the cell of the temporary detention facility.<ref name="mk1">[https://www.kp.ru/daily/23272.5/135992/ Poet Tchukovsky is hunted in Grodno – Newspaper “Komsomolskaya Pravda in Belarus”] - text in Russian</ref>
On 3 May 2004 Uladzimir Levaneuski, son of Valery Levaneuski was convicted for 13-day arrest for active participation in the 1 May protest action.
On 7 May 2004 officials of State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus and OMON (SWAT) team had broken the entrance door and entered Valery Levaneuski's apartment. Search had lasted for six hours. All of the computers were seized along with many documents and valuables.<ref name="mk1" /><ref>[http://www.levonevski.net/data/text289.htm KGB and SWAT officers stormed into Valery Levaneuski’s apartment (photo)] - text in Russian</ref><ref>[http://www.charter97.org/rus/news/2004/05/10/photos Photo report from Levaneuski’s apartment search] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124125331/http://www.charter97.org/rus/news/2004/05/10/photos |date=2011-11-24 }} - text in Russian</ref> Officials of the KGB forced Levaneuski's underaged daughter to testify against her father.<ref>[http://www.charter97.org/rus/news/2004/05/10/hrodna Total “elimination” in Grodno] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124131515/http://www.charter97.org/rus/news/2004/05/10/hrodna |date=2011-11-24 }} - text in Russian</ref> On that day and during the next few days officials from the KGB had conducted searches at Levaneuski's relatives’ houses and in the offices of non-profit organizations that might have been part of “Insult of President” case.
On 14 May 2004, one day before expiration of 15-days of arrest, Levaneuski's detention term was increased for three days.
On 18 May 2004 Levaneuski was indicted in accordance with part 2, article 368 of Criminal code of Belarus: “Public insult of the President of the Republic of Belarus, conducted by a person, previously convicted for contempt or defamation, or as an incident to accusation in committal of grave or especially grave offence”. Valery was moved from temporary detention facility into the pro-trial detention center for 2 months.<ref>[http://www.svaboda.org/content/article/782745.html Detention term for Levandeuski – 2 months in pre-trial detention center – Radio Freedom] - text in Belarusian</ref>
4 June 2004, for the first time since his arrest on May 1, 2004, Valery Levaneuski was allowed to meet with his wife in pro-trial detention center.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2004/06/04/levon |title=Valery Levandeuski allowed to see his wife for the first time |access-date=2011-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402202751/http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2004/06/04/levon |archive-date=2012-04-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
On 12 July 2004 Levaneuski's arrest was extended for another month.<ref>[http://www.svaboda.org/content/article/784042.html Valery Levaneuski will be detained until July 15] - text in Belarusian</ref>
On 21 July 2004 Levaneuski's wife addressed President of Belarus, Alexander Lukashenko with complaints regarding conditions of her husband's detention in pro-trial detention center.<ref>[http://www.charter97.org/rus/news/2004/07/21/levonevski Marina Levaneuskaya: “Stop the execution of my husband!”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124131213/http://www.charter97.org/rus/news/2004/07/21/levonevski |date=2011-11-24 }} - text in Russian</ref>
On 21 July 2004 criminal case under article 342 of the Criminal code of Belarus “Organization of non-authorized rally”, which provides for arrest for up to 3 years, was filed against his son Uladzimir Levaneuski.<ref>[http://www.svaboda.org/content/article/784344.html New criminal case initiated in Grodno against Valery Levaneuski, his son and Vasiliev family – Radio Freedom] - text in Belarusian</ref>
21 July 2004 Valery Levaneuski declared a hunger strike in pre-trial detention center <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2004/07/23/levon |title=Valery Levonevsky started hunger-strike |access-date=2011-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402202804/http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2004/07/23/levon |archive-date=2012-04-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
27 July 2004 Levaneuski suspend the hunger strike.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2004/07/28/levon |title=Valery Levaneuski stopped hunger-strike |access-date=2011-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402202811/http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2004/07/28/levon |archive-date=2012-04-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
On 28 July 2004 Valery Levaneuski and his son were freed from the charges under article 342 of Criminal code of Belarus Republic (“Organization of non-authorized rally”).<ref>[http://www.svaboda.org/content/article/784580.html Levaneuski are no more accused in organization of non-authorized rally] - text in Belarusian</ref>
On 1 August 2004 famous Russian rock musicians Sergey Shnurov (band “Leningrad (band)”) and Alexander Vasiliev (band “Splean”) have held a brief for Levaneuski.<ref>[http://www.drugieberega.com/2004/8/action Russian musicians join Amnesty International in support of the prisoners of conscience in Belarus] - text in Russian</ref>
On 16 August 2004 court has extended Levaneuski’ term of arrest for another month.<ref>[http://dossier.bymedia.net/index.php?option=com_apressdb&view=publications&layout=entry&id=34864 Valery Levaneuski had his detention prolonged once again – Information company BelaPAN] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007161938/http://dossier.bymedia.net/index.php?option=com_apressdb&view=publications&layout=entry&id=34864 |date=2011-10-07 }} - text in Russian</ref>
On 7 September 2004, court of Leninsky District of the city of Grodno had found Valery Levaneuski guilty in public insult of the President of Belarus Republic coupled to accusation in committal of grave offence, and based on part 2, article 368 of the Criminal code of Belarus Republic sentenced him to two years of confinement with serving the sentence in a general regime penal colony [28]. The judge decreed that a leaflet, which Levaneuski had distributed prior to demonstrations on 1 May 2004, contains a public insult to the President (since Alexander Lukashenko is known to have spent his holidays in Austria).
On 16 September 2004, European Parliament calls on the Belarus authorities to release immediately Valery Levaneuski and all other imprisoned political opponents of the regime.<ref>[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2004_2009/documents/autres/p6_ta-prov(2004)0011_en.pdf European Parliament resolution on the situation in Belarus]</ref>
On 2 June 2005, State Department calls on Belarus authorities to release Valery Levaneuski and all other political prisoners <ref>[http://www.america.gov/st/washfile-russian/2005/June/200506060735181CJsamohT9.418887e-02.html Conviction of Belarus Opposition Figures "Outrageous," Says U.S]</ref>
==Family== Levanéuski is married, with four children.
==References== {{Reflist|30em}}
==External links== * [http://www.levaneuski.org/ Official site] (English) * [http://levonevski.net/ Official site] (Russian and English) * [http://levonevsky.org/ Official Site 2] (Russian and English) * [http://en.belaruselections.info/archive/2001/chronicle/0023718/ Levonevsky says he may quit after talks with five democratic hopefuls] - BelaPAN * [http://naviny.by/rubrics/inter/2002/10/03/ic_articles_259_146069/ Vendors in Belarus launch strike action to protest tax increases, insurance fees and other regulations] * [http://lewoniewski.com/news/text/doc2743.htm Valery Levaneuski: It is necessary to invite both the president, and opposition to Prague] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713202702/http://lewoniewski.com/news/text/doc2743.htm |date=2011-07-13 }} * [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article511058.ece Iron man of Minsk keeps tyranny alive]{{dead link|date=January 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} - Sunday Times
{{DEFAULTSORT:Levaneuski, Valery}} Category:1963 births Category:Amnesty International prisoners of conscience held by Belarus Category:Belarusian activists Category:Belarusian businesspeople Category:Belarusian dissidents Category:Belarusian politicians Category:Belarusian prisoners and detainees Category:Human rights abuses in Belarus Category:Living people Category:People from Grodno