{{Short description|Municipality of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil}}
<!-- Infobox begins! --> {{other}} {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Vacaria |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = Centrodevacaria-rs-brasil.JPG |imagesize = |image_caption = Downtown Vacaria |image_flag = Bandeira de Vacaria.jpg |image_shield = BrasaoVacaria.png |image_map = RioGrandedoSul Municip Vacaria.svg |mapsize = |map_caption = Location in [[Rio Grande do Sul]] |subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Brazil|Region]] |subdivision_type2 = [[States of Brazil|State]] |subdivision_name = {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Brazil]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Southern Region, Brazil|South]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Rio Grande do Sul]] |established_title = Founded |established_date = October 22, 1850 |area_total_km2 = 2123.674 |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2020 <ref>[https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/rs/vacaria/panorama IBGE 2020]</ref> |population_note = |population_total = 66,575 |population_metro = |population_urban = |population_density_km2 = 29.3 |population_density_sq_mi = |timezone = [[Time in Brazil|BRT]] |utc_offset = −3 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|28|30|44|S|50|56|02|W|region:BR|display=inline,title}} |elevation_m = 971 |elevation_ft = |blank_name = '''[[Human Development Index|HDI]]''' (2000) |blank_info = 0.805 – <span style="color:#090">high</span> |website = [http://www.vacaria.rs.gov.br/ Vacaria, Rio Grande do Sul] |footnotes = }}
'''Vacaria''' is a [[Municipalities of Brazil|municipality]] in the northeast of the southern [[Brazil]]ian state of [[Rio Grande do Sul]]. It is located at a latitude of 28° 30' 44" South and a longitude of 50° 56' 02" west, with an altitude of 971 meters. Its population in 2020 was estimated to be 66,575 inhabitants. The total area of the city is 2105.6 km<sup>2</sup>. The city is known in Brazil for its climate and its production of apples.
Its Catedral Nossa Senhora da Oliveira is the episcopal see of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Vacaria]], which was founded in 1937 as a [[territorial prelature]].
== History == It was the [[Jesuit]] missionaries that, in the 16th century, started the colonization of the area by spreading the livestock brought from the [[Jesuit Reductions|reductions]] to the extensive wilderness known as "Baqueria de los Piñales". During more than a century, disputes with the [[Guarani people|Guarani]] Indians marked the history of the region, before it was consolidated as an official trail connecting the [[Río de la Plata|Plata]] region to Brazil. In the 19th century the fields of Vacaria were once more the stage of great battles, this time between the imperial soldiers and the republican revolutionists ([[Ragamuffin War]]).
== Economy == Its economy is based on cattle raising, agriculture, transportation, flower growing and fruit growing. Vacaria is the largest producer of apples in Rio Grande do Sul and 2nd in the country and is considered the introductory location of wild fruits such as [[mulberry]], [[bilberry]], [[strawberry]] and [[raspberry]]. The per capita income was estimated by the [[Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics|IBGE]] in 2003 to be R$9.213,91
== Attractions == Venue of the International [[Criollo horse|Crioulo]] [[Rodeo]] (Rodeio Crioulo Internacional), one of the most important demonstrations of the [[gaucho]] culture, the city has also other attractions, such as the Fazenda do Socorro and the beautiful stone-built Cathedral of Our Lady of the Olive Tree.
On top of the natural attractions such as the beautiful sceneries like the valley of the [[Pelotas River]] or the Parque das Cachoeiras, Vacaria has other interesting cultural attractions, like the city museum, the Atelier Livre, the public market, the center of craftwork and the Casa do Povo, the only work of the famous architect [[Oscar Niemeyer]] in Rio Grande do Sul. Vacaria is also known for the production of a cheese based on the method of the Italian cheese [[Grana Padano]].
== Climate == [[File:Catedral_em_Vacaria,_Rio_Grande_do_Sul,_Brasil..jpg|right|thumb|270px|Snow in Vacaria in 2020]] Vacaria has a [[Oceanic climate|temperate oceanic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Cfb''). With mild summers that have an average high of about 24 °C and an average low of about 14 °C. And winters with average high temperature of about 16 °C and an average low of about 7 °C. During winter the temperature commonly goes below freezing but rarely does it snow. In the winter of 1879, was recorded the strongest blizzard in Brazil, with accumulation of 2 meters in the urban area of Vacaria.<ref>[http://www.clicrbs.com.br/zerohora/swf/especial_neve/index.html Especial A Neve e os gaúchos] Zero Hora, visto em 03/08/2011.</ref>
{{Weather box |location = Vacaria, elevation {{convert|970|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1961–1990) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 34.1 |Feb record high C = 32.4 |Mar record high C = 31.1 |Apr record high C = 29.0 |May record high C = 26.6 |Jun record high C = 24.6 |Jul record high C = 26.4 |Aug record high C = 32.9 |Sep record high C = 30.1 |Oct record high C = 31.2 |Nov record high C = 35.5 |Dec record high C = 32.8 |year record high C = 35.5 |Jan high C = 26.1 |Feb high C = 26.1 |Mar high C = 24.3 |Apr high C = 21.2 |May high C = 19.0 |Jun high C = 17.1 |Jul high C = 17.3 |Aug high C = 18.1 |Sep high C = 19.2 |Oct high C = 21.6 |Nov high C = 23.5 |Dec high C = 25.0 |year high C = 21.5 |Jan mean C = 19.4 |Feb mean C = 19.7 |Mar mean C = 18.0 |Apr mean C = 14.9 |May mean C = 12.5 |Jun mean C = 10.8 |Jul mean C = 10.9 |Aug mean C = 11.7 |Sep mean C = 13.2 |Oct mean C = 15.4 |Nov mean C = 17.1 |Dec mean C = 18.6 |year mean C = 15.2 |Jan low C = 14.5 |Feb low C = 15.1 |Mar low C = 13.7 |Apr low C = 10.4 |May low C = 7.7 |Jun low C = 6.3 |Jul low C = 6.4 |Aug low C = 7.1 |Sep low C = 8.8 |Oct low C = 10.5 |Nov low C = 12.1 |Dec low C = 13.5 |year low C = 10.5 |Jan record low C = 4.6 |Feb record low C = 6.1 |Mar record low C = 1.7 |Apr record low C = -1.0 |May record low C = -4.5 |Jun record low C = -8.9 |Jul record low C = -5.5 |Aug record low C = -5.6 |Sep record low C = -5.1 |Oct record low C = -0.5 |Nov record low C = 2.4 |Dec record low C = 2.8 |year record low C = -8.9 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 158.0 |Feb precipitation mm = 155.0 |Mar precipitation mm = 143.0 |Apr precipitation mm = 126.0 |May precipitation mm = 135.0 |Jun precipitation mm = 145.0 |Jul precipitation mm = 148.0 |Aug precipitation mm = 163.0 |Sep precipitation mm = 183.0 |Oct precipitation mm = 161.0 |Nov precipitation mm = 130.0 |Dec precipitation mm = 142.0 |year precipitation mm = |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 12 |Feb precipitation days = 9 |Mar precipitation days = 10 |Apr precipitation days = 7 |May precipitation days = 5 |Jun precipitation days = 7 |Jul precipitation days = 9 |Aug precipitation days = 10 |Sep precipitation days = 10 |Oct precipitation days = 10 |Nov precipitation days = 8 |Dec precipitation days = 9 |year precipitation days = 106 |Jan humidity = 75.6 |Feb humidity = 78.7 |Mar humidity = 79.6 |Apr humidity = 80.4 |May humidity = 80.1 |Jun humidity = 80.5 |Jul humidity = 79.9 |Aug humidity = 80.4 |Sep humidity = 79.0 |Oct humidity = 78.0 |Nov humidity = 76.0 |Dec humidity = 76.2 |year humidity = 78.7 |source 1 = INMET (precipitation 2008–2020)<ref name="INMET">{{cite web | url = http://www.inmet.gov.br/portal/index.php?r=clima/normaisClimatologicas | title = Normais climatológicas do Brasil 1961-1990 | access-date = 13 April 2015 | publisher = Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia | language = pt | date = April 2015 | archive-date = 22 September 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190922133747/http://www.inmet.gov.br/portal/index.php?r=clima%2Fnormaisclimatologicas | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="Temperatura-INMET-Vacaria-RS">{{cite web|URL=http://www.inmet.gov.br/projetos/rede/pesquisa/gera_serie_txt.php?&mRelEstacao=83918&btnProcesso=serie&mRelDtInicio=01/01/1961&mRelDtFim=31/01/1989&mAtributos=,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,|title=BDMEP - série histórica - dados diários - temperatura mínima (°C), temperatura máxima (°C) - |publisher=[[Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia]] (INMET)|access-date=25 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="Gráficos-INMET-A880-Vacaria-RS">{{cite web|URL=https://tempo.inmet.gov.br/GraficosDiarios/A880|title=Gráficos|publisher=INMET|access-date= 25 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="INMET-A880-Vacaria-RS">{{cite web|URL=https://tempo.inmet.gov.br/TabelaEstacoes/A880|title=Estação: VACARIA (A880)|publisher=INMET|access-date= 25 May 2024}}</ref> }}
== Transportation == The city is served by [[Vacaria Airport]].
== See also == * [[List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul]]
== References == {{Reflist}}
== Sources and external links == {{Commons category|Vacaria}} * [http://br.weather.com/weather/climatology/BRXX3796 Climate of Vacaria] * [http://www.bemsul.com/rs/vacaria/2010-neve-em-vacaria/ Snow in Vacaria]({{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707223023/http://www.bemsul.com/rs/vacaria/2010-neve-em-vacaria/ |date=July 7, 2011}})
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul]]