{{Short description|Species of shrub}} {{Speciesbox | image = Viburnum dentatum flowers.jpg | status = G5 | status_system = TNC | status_ref =<ref>{{cite web|url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.737038/Viburnum_dentatum|title=''Viburnum dentatum''|website=NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer|author=NatureServe|publisher=NatureServe|location=Arlington, Virginia|date=30 June 2023|access-date=9 July 2023}}</ref> | genus = Viburnum | species = dentatum | authority = L. | range_map = Vide range.png | range_map_caption = Natural range in the United States (Canadian range not shown) }}
'''''Viburnum dentatum''''', '''southern arrowwood''' or '''arrowwood viburnum''' or '''roughish arrowwood''', is a small shrub, native to the eastern United States and Canada from Maine south to northern Florida and eastern Texas.
Like most ''Viburnum'', it has opposite, simple leaves and fruit in berry-like drupes. Foliage turns yellow to red in late fall. Localized variations of the species are common over its entire geographic range. Common differences include leaf size and shape and placement of pubescence on leaf undersides and petioles.
''V. dentatum'' occurs in habitat types such as upland mixed woodlands, mesic pine-oak woods, hardwood hammocks, and floodplains.<ref>Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: <nowiki>http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu</nowiki>. Last accessed: June 2023. Collectors: Bill Anderson, Loran C. Anderson, Pam Anderson, C. Ritchie Bell, Kathy Boyle, Herrick Brown, J. Carter, Richard Carter, R. Cherry, R. K. Godfrey, C. Hudson, Carleen Jones, S. B. Jones, Brian R. Keener, Gary R. Knight, H. Kurz, Linda Lee, Travis MacClendon, Sidney McDaniel, Albert Pittman, James D. Ray Jr., H. F. L. Rock, and K. Willis. States and counties: Alabama: Clarke, Houston, and Monroe. Florida: Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Hamilton, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Wakulla. Georgia: Baker and Decatur. Mississippi: Hancock, Marion, and Pearl River. North Carolina: Macon. South Carolina: Beaufort. Tennessee: Fentress</ref>
thumb|left|Leaves in autumn Some moth larvae feed on ''V. dentatum''. Known such species include the unsated sallow (or arrowwood sallow; ''Metaxaglaea inulta'') and ''Phyllonorycter viburnella''. It is also consumed by the viburnum leaf beetle (''Pyrrhalta viburni''), an invasive species from Eurasia.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Paul A. Weston|author2=E. Richard Hoebeke|title=Viburnum leaf beetle, ''Pyrrhalta viburni'' (Paykull) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Dispersal pattern of a palearctic landscape pest in New York and its distribution status in the northeastern U.S. and eastern Canada|journal=Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington|year=2003|volume=105|issue=4|pages=889–895|url=https://biostor.org/reference/55065|access-date=9 July 2023|via=biostor.org}}</ref> The fruits are a food source for songbirds. Berries contain 41.3% fat.<ref>Smith, Susan B.; McPherson, Kathleen H.; Backer, Jeffrey M.; Pierce, Barbara J.; Podlesak, David W.; and McWilliams, Scott R. "Fruit quality and consumption by songbirds during autumn migration." ''The Wilson Journal of Ornithology'', 2007, volume 119, issue 3, pages 419-428, {{doi|10.1676/06-073.1}}</ref>
The fruits appear blue. The major pigments are cyanidin 3-glucoside, cyanidin 3-sambubioside, and cyanidin 3-vicianoside, but the total mixture is very complex.<ref>Francis F.J. and Markakis, Pericles C. "Food colorants: Anthocyanins." ''Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition'', 1989, Volume 28, Issue 4, pages 273-314, {{doi|10.1080/10408398909527503}}</ref>
Native Americans used the young stems to make arrow shafts.<ref>{{cite book |last=Little |first=Elbert L. |title=The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees: Eastern Region |publisher=Knopf |location=New York |year=1980 |isbn=0-394-50760-6 |page=671}}</ref>
== Varieties == *''Viburnum dentatum'' var. ''deamii'' {{small|(Rehder) Fernald}} *''Viburnum dentatum'' var. ''dentatum'' *''Viburnum dentatum'' var. ''lucidum'' {{small|Fernald}} – currently considered a separate species; ''Viburnum recognitum'', the northern arrowwood, or smooth arrowwood *''Viburnum dentatum'' var. ''venosum'' {{small|(Britton) Gleason}}
== References == {{Reflist}}
== External links == {{Commonscat inline|Viburnum dentatum|''Viburnum dentatum''}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q4115036}}
dentatum Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States Category:Plants described in 1753 Category:Botanical taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States Category:Flora of the North-Central United States Category:Flora of Texas