Ultra long-haul

{{Short description|Descriptor for 16-hour-plus flights}} {{see also|Longest flights|Flight length}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2015}} '''Ultra-long-haul''' (also known as "ultra-long-range operations") refers to the duration of a flight ([[flight time]]) being "ultra long." [[International Air Transport Association|IATA]], [[International Civil Aviation Organization|ICAO]], and [[International Federation of Air Line Pilots' Associations|IFALPA]] jointly define any flight scheduled to last over 16 hours as "Ultra Long".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fatigue Risk Management System (FRMS) Implementation Guide for Operators (IATA ICAO AFALPA)|url=https://www.icao.int/safety/fatiguemanagement/FRMS%20Tools/FRMS%20Implementation%20Guide%20for%20Operators%20July%202011.pdf#page=121&zoom=auto,-205,768|url-status=live|website=ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization)|access-date=12 July 2021|archive-date=12 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712124038/https://www.icao.int/safety/fatiguemanagement/FRMS%20Tools/FRMS%20Implementation%20Guide%20for%20Operators%20July%202011.pdf#page=121&zoom=auto,-205,768}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fatigue Management Guide for Airline Operators (Second Edition, 2015) (IATA ICAO IFALPA)|url=https://www.icao.int/safety/fatiguemanagement/FRMS%20Tools/FMG%20for%20Airline%20Operators%202nd%20Ed%20(Final)%20EN.pdf#page=155&zoom=auto,-205,789|url-status=live|website=ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization)|access-date=12 July 2021|archive-date=9 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309183316/http://www.icao.int/safety/fatiguemanagement/FRMS%20Tools/FMG%20for%20Airline%20Operators%202nd%20Ed%20(Final)%20EN.pdf#page=155&zoom=auto,-205,789}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=EASA "COMMENT RESPONSE DOCUMENT (CRD) CRD TO NPA2010-14"|url=https://www.easa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/dfu/CRD%202010-14.pdf#page=75&zoom=auto,-214,669|url-status=live|website=EASA European Aviation Safety Agency|access-date=12 July 2021|archive-date=12 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712124035/https://www.easa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/dfu/CRD%202010-14.pdf#page=75&zoom=auto,-214,669}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Fourth Workshop Yields Insights into Early Ultra-Long-Range Flight Experience|url=https://flightsafety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/fsd_aug-sept05.pdf#page=3&zoom=auto,-265,84|journal=Flight Safety Digest|volume=24 No 8-9 August-September 2005|pages=1–15|access-date=12 July 2021|archive-date=12 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712124034/https://flightsafety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/fsd_aug-sept05.pdf#page=3&zoom=auto,-265,84|url-status=live}}</ref>

These flights usually follow a [[Great-circle navigation|great circle route]], often [[polar route|passing over a polar region]]. In some cases, [[non-stop flight|non-stop]] ultra-long-haul routes could be less preferable to stopover flights as passengers on ultra-long-haul nonstop flights must sit in the aircraft for those long hours.<ref name="689a1618" /> A low-oil-price environment favors the establishment and operation of ultra-long-haul flights.

Since 9 November 2020, [[Singapore Airlines Flights 23 and 24]] has been the world's longest active commercial flight, between [[Changi Airport|Singapore]] and [[John F. Kennedy International Airport|New York JFK airport]], covering {{cvt|15349|km|mi nmi|0|abbr=}} in around 18 hours and 40 minutes, operated by an [[Airbus A350 XWB#A350-900ULR|Airbus A350-900ULR]].<ref name="Singapore New York">{{Cite web|date=October 20, 2020|title=Singapore Airlines To Begin Non-Stop Services To New York's JFK International Airport|url=https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/sg/media-centre/press-release/article/?q=en_UK/2020/October-December/ne1720-201020|url-status=live|website=Singapore Airlines|access-date=6 July 2022|archive-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102171308/https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/sg/media-centre/press-release/article/?q=en_UK%2F2020%2FOctober-December%2Fne1720-201020}}</ref>

==History== {{see also|Longest flights#History}} Ultra-long-haul flights lasting over 16 hours have been around since the 1930s. While modern jet aircraft travel at faster speeds and cover longer distances, the record for the longest scheduled commercial ultra-long-haul flight route was set in 1943.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Eames|first=Jim|date=2017-12-14|title=Double sunrise: How Qantas preserved vital link to Britain during World War II|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/books/double-sunrise-how-qantas-preserved-vital-link-to-britain-during-world-war-ii-20171206-gzzmzb.html|access-date=2021-07-12|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en|archive-date=19 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519081341/https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/books/double-sunrise-how-qantas-preserved-vital-link-to-britain-during-world-war-ii-20171206-gzzmzb.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Some of the historical ultra-long-haul routes include:

* October 21, 1936 the [[Transpacific flight#Commercial flights|first scheduled commercial transpacific flight]] was operated by [[Pan Am|Pan American Airways]] on a [[Martin M-130|Martin M-130 Flying Boat]] with 7 paying passengers on board. Flying from [[China Clipper flight departure site|San Francisco]] to [[Ford Island|Pearl Harbor, Hawaii]] non-stop, a distance of 3,871 kilometres (2,405 mi; 2,090 nmi) in 19 hours, 36 minutes.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pan Am Spans the Pacific {{!}} National Air and Space Museum|url=https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/hawaii-by-air/online/pan-am-clippers/pan-am-spans-the-pacific.cfm|access-date=2021-07-12|website=airandspace.si.edu|archive-date=9 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609121139/https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/hawaii-by-air/online/pan-am-clippers/pan-am-spans-the-pacific.cfm|url-status=live}}</ref> * From 1943 to 1945, [[Qantas]] operated "[[The Double Sunrise]]", a weekly {{convert|5650|km|nmi|adj=on}} flight between [[Perth, Australia]] and Ceylon (now [[Sri Lanka]]), with average flight times of 28 (maximum of 33) hours using a [[Consolidated PBY Catalina]].<ref name="airforce.gov.au">Defence, Australian Government, Department of. [http://www.airforce.gov.au/raafmuseum/research/aircraft/series2/A24.htm "RAAF Museum: Royal Australian Air Force"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302095156/http://www.airforce.gov.au/raafmuseum/research/aircraft/series2/A24.htm |date=2 March 2017 }}. ''www.airforce.gov.au''. Retrieved 2017-02-20.</ref><ref>Catanzaro, Joseph (28 December 2010). [http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/-/mp/8570352/heroic-squadron-loses-last-pilot/ "Heroic squadron loses last pilot"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120925070554/http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/-/mp/8570352/heroic-squadron-loses-last-pilot/ |date=25 September 2012 }}. ''The West Australia''. Retrieved 28 December 2010.</ref> * October 1–2, 1957, a [[Trans World Airlines]] [[Lockheed L-1649 Starliner]], the ultimate piston-engine airliner in terms of range and endurance, flew the inaugural {{convert|8640|km|nmi|adj=on}} [[Heathrow Airport|London]]–[[San Francisco International Airport|San Francisco]] polar route in 23 hours, 19 minutes.<ref>Peter J. Marson, The Lockheed Constellation. Tonbridge, Kent, England: Air-Britain (Historians), 2007</ref> * February 1963, [[Aeroflot]] started a Moscow-Havana flight via Murmansk with its [[Tupolev Tu-114|Tu-114D]]. It was around 16 hours from Havana to Murmansk, the longest for a scheduled turboprop flight. * 1 March 2001, following the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]], the airspace over Russia was opened for [[Overflight permit|overflight]] purposes, allowing new circumpolar routes to come into use for commercial airlines.<ref name="Russia">{{cite news|date=30 March 2001|title=From Newark Over the North Pole|work=[[New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/30/opinion/from-newark-over-the-north-pole.html|access-date=2016-04-01|archive-date=14 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414081928/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/30/opinion/from-newark-over-the-north-pole.html|url-status=live}}</ref>[[Continental Airlines]] launched a {{convert|13578|km|nmi|adj=on}} nonstop service from [[Newark Liberty International Airport|Newark]] to [[Hong Kong International Airport|Hong Kong]] with a flying duration exceeding 16 hours.<ref name="Russia" /> A few days later, [[United Airlines]] started its own JFK–Hong Kong service, adding 10 kilometers to the distance.<ref name="Russia" /> * 3 February 2004, [[Singapore Airlines]] introduced a {{convert|14113|km|nmi|adj=on}} flight from [[Singapore Changi Airport|Singapore]] to [[Los Angeles]], scheduled for 16 hours, 30 minutes in the summer, 15 hours, 35 minutes in the winter. It took 17 hours, 20 minutes in summer and 18 hours, 5 minutes in winter on the return trip.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.defense-aerospace.com/article-view/release/33061/airbus-a340_500-makes-record-flight-(feb.-5).html|title=Singapore Airlines A340-500 Flies into the Record Books|website=www.defense-aerospace.com|access-date=2019-05-24|archive-date=24 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524064842/http://www.defense-aerospace.com/article-view/release/33061/airbus-a340_500-makes-record-flight-(feb.-5).html|url-status=live}}</ref> * 28 June 2004, Singapore Airlines introduced Flight [[Singapore Airlines Flight 21 and 22|SQ 21]], using the [[Airbus A340-500]] (now an [[Airbus A350 XWB|Airbus A350-900 ULR]] since October 2018) on a {{convert|15344|km|nmi|adj=on}} [[great circle route]] from Newark to Singapore, passing within {{convert|130|km|nmi}} of the [[Geographic North Pole|North Pole]], taking a little over 18 hours.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://flightaware.com/live/flight/SIA21 | title=Singapore Airlines 21 | work=[[FlightAware]] | date=23 November 2013 | access-date=2016-04-01 | archive-date=3 April 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403133539/http://flightaware.com/live/flight/SIA21 | url-status=live }}</ref> This was immediately surpassed by return Flight SQ 22, which flew a new record of {{convert|16,600|km|nmi|adj=on}} back to Newark.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.singapore-window.org/sw04/040628af.htm | title=SIA sets new world record with direct flight to New York | author=Agence France Presse | publisher=Singapore Window | date=28 June 2004 | access-date=2016-04-01 | author-link=Agence France Presse | archive-date=3 March 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303225544/http://www.singapore-window.org/sw04/040628af.htm | url-status=live }}</ref> Despite the greater distance, Flight SQ 22 averaged a slightly shorter 17 hours, 45 minutes because of prevailing high-altitude winds.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://flightaware.com/live/flight/SIA22 | title=Singapore Airlines 22 | work=[[FlightAware]] | date=23 November 2013 | access-date=2016-04-01 | archive-date=12 April 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412211455/https://flightaware.com/live/flight/SIA22 | url-status=live }}</ref>

In the late 2000s/early 2010s, rapidly rising fuel prices, coupled with the [[2008 financial crisis]], resulted in cancellation of many ultra-long-haul non-stop flights.<ref name="689a1618">{{cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/689a1618-814d-11e5-8095-ed1a37d1e096|title=A new era of 'ultra-long-haul' aviation|website=Financial Times|access-date=17 December 2016|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202001643/https://www.ft.com/content/689a1618-814d-11e5-8095-ed1a37d1e096|url-status=live}}</ref> This included the services provided by Singapore Airlines from Singapore to Newark and Los Angeles that were ended in late 2013<ref>{{cite news | last=Doyle | first=Andrew | title=SIA to drop nonstop USA flights as Airbus buys back A340s | url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/sia-to-drop-nonstop-usa-flights-as-airbus-buys-back-a340s-378006/ | newspaper=flightglobal.com | date=24 October 2012 | access-date=17 December 2016 | archive-date=27 April 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427152847/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/sia-to-drop-nonstop-usa-flights-as-airbus-buys-back-a340s-378006/ | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/26/business/last-call-for-the-long-haul-from-singapore-to-newark.html?_r=0 | title=Last Call for the Long Haul From Singapore to Newark | author=Mike Tierney | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=25 November 2013 | access-date=2016-04-01 | archive-date=2 February 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202001456/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/26/business/last-call-for-the-long-haul-from-singapore-to-newark.html?_r=0 | url-status=live }}</ref> as well as similar lengthy flights from New York to both [[Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport|Mumbai]] and [[Suvarnabhumi Airport|Bangkok]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://airlineroutes.wordpress.com/2010/07/24/ai-w10-update1/|title=Air India W10 Long-Haul Operation Changes: Update 1|date=2010-07-24|website=Airline Route|access-date=2017-03-12|archive-date=12 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312201906/https://airlineroutes.wordpress.com/2010/07/24/ai-w10-update1/|url-status=live}}</ref> As fuel prices later decreased and more fuel efficient aircraft were introduced to the market, the economics of ultra-long-haul flights improved and more distant markets became served by new and reinstated services. By 2023, [[Longest flights#Non-stop flights (top 30, by great-circle distance)|29 of the 30 longest flights in the world]] (by great circle distance), were now all ultra-long-haul in duration ranging from 16 hours to 18 hours and 50 minutes in duration.

* In 2016 and 2017, ultra-long-haul flights were launched from Dubai and Doha to Auckland respectively. Both routes became the longest duration active flights at the time of their launch.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-02-06|title=Qatar Airways' longest flight lands in Auckland|language=en-NZ|work=New Zealand Herald|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=11795048|access-date=2017-03-12|issn=1170-0777|archive-date=12 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312081501/http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=11795048|url-status=live}}</ref>

* October 18, 2018, [[Singapore Airlines]] relaunched Flight [[Singapore Airlines Flights 21 and 22|SQ 21/22]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Singapore Airlines To Launch World's Longest Commercial Flights|url=https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/sg/media-centre/press-release/article/?q=en_UK/2018/April-June/ne2018-180530|access-date=|website=|archive-date=16 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016071906/http://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/sg/media-centre/press-release/article/?q=en_UK%2F2018%2FApril-June%2Fne2018-180530|url-status=live}}</ref> using the fuel efficient [[Airbus A350 XWB#A350-900ULR|Airbus A350-900ULR]] with a scheduled flight duration of 18 hours 45 minutes. It remained the world's longest scheduled ultra-long-haul commercial flight until its suspension on March 24, 2020 due to the global drop in demand due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Singapore Airlines Makes Significant Capacity Cuts And Grounds Aircraft|url=https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/us/media-centre/press-release/article/?q=en_UK/2020/January-March/ne0620-200323|access-date=|website=|archive-date=17 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117064414/https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/us/media-centre/press-release/article/?q=en_UK%2F2020%2FJanuary-March%2Fne0620-200323|url-status=live}}</ref> * In March 2020, due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] and the impossibility of transit in the US through [[Los Angeles International Airport]], [[Air Tahiti Nui]] scheduled and operated Flight TN64 in March and April 2020 as a non-stop flight between [[Papeete]] and [[Paris Charles de Gaulle]], using a [[Boeing 787-9]] and covering 15,715 km (8,485 nmi; 9,765 mi) in a scheduled duration of 16 hours 20 minutes,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-11|title=To All Passengers Bound For French Polynesia|url=https://www.airtahitinui.com/us-en/decision-us-administration-prohibit-travel-europe-us|access-date=2021-01-05|website=Air Tahiti Nui|language=en|archive-date=20 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320161055/https://www.airtahitinui.com/us-en/decision-us-administration-prohibit-travel-europe-us|url-status=live}}</ref> setting a new record for the world's longest scheduled domestic commercial passenger flight.<ref name="AirTahitiNui">{{cite press release |url=https://www.airtahitinui.com/us-en/air-tahiti-nui-new-record-worlds-longest-flight-tahiti-paris-working |title=Air Tahiti Nui – New Record For World's Longest Flight – Tahiti to Paris – WORKING |publisher=Air Tahiti Nui |date=19 March 2020 |accessdate=28 April 2020 |archive-date=20 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200520151248/https://www.airtahitinui.com/us-en/air-tahiti-nui-new-record-worlds-longest-flight-tahiti-paris-working |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="aerotime">{{Cite web |date=2020-05-27 |title=World's longest domestic flight flies under radar - AeroTime |url=https://www.aerotime.aero/articles/25061-world-s-longest-domestic-flight-flies-under-radar |access-date=2024-02-02 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-15 |title=Moins de 150 passagers pour le premier vol sans escale Tahiti-Paris |url=https://www.tntv.pf/tntvnews/polynesie/societe/moins-de-150-passagers-pour-le-premier-vol-sans-escale-tahiti-paris/ |access-date=2022-06-10 |website=TNTV Tahiti Nui Télévision |language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref name="TN64_1">{{Cite web |title=Air Taihiti Nui schedules nonstop Papeete-Paris repatriation flights in April 2020 |url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224003327/https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/290725/air-tahiti-nui-schedules-nonstop-papeete-paris-repatriation-flights-in-april-2020/ |archive-date=December 24, 2022 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=www.routesonline.com}}</ref><ref name="TN64_3">{{Cite web |date=April 13, 2020 |title=Air Tahiti Nui: un nouveau direct Papeete – Paris dimanche prochain – Air Journal |url=https://www.air-journal.fr/2020-04-13-air-tahiti-nui-un-nouveau-direct-papeete-paris-dimanche-prochain-5219465.html |access-date=2024-01-08}}</ref> * On November 9, 2020, [[Singapore Airlines]] launched the current world's longest ultra-long-haul commercial flight of [[Singapore Airlines Flights 23 and 24|SQ 23/24]] between [[Changi Airport|Singapore]] and [[John F. Kennedy International Airport|New York JFK airport]], with a scheduled duration of 18 hours 40 minutes to cover the great circle distance of 15,349 kilometres (8,288 nmi; 9,537 mi) using an [[Airbus A350#A350-900ULR|Airbus A350-900ULR]].<ref name="Singapore New York"/>

==Airliners== {{see also|Longest flights#Airliners}} The longest range jetliner in service is the [[Airbus A350 XWB#A350-900ULR|Airbus A350 XWB Ultra Long Range]], capable of flying up to {{convert|18000|km|nmi mi}}. The [[Airbus A380]] is capable of flying {{convert|14800|km|nmi mi}} with 544 passengers.

The longest range [[Boeing]] airliner in service is the [[Boeing 777-200LR|777-200LR]], which can cover {{convert|17395|km|nmi mi}} with 301 passengers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-09-07 |title=777-200 Family performance summary |url=http://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/startup/pdf/777_perf.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042930/http://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/startup/pdf/777_perf.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-04 |access-date=2023-06-15 |website=Boeing.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1 May 2014 |title=Boeing 777 Family Backgrounder |url=https://www.boeing.com/farnborough2014/pdf/BCA/bck-777%20Family%20Backgrounder.pdf |access-date=15 Jun 2023 |website=Boeing.com}}</ref> The [[Boeing 777-8X]] is capable of flying {{convert|16170|km|nmi mi}} with 350 to 375 passengers. The [[Boeing 787-9]] is capable of flying {{convert|14800|km|nmi mi}} with 290 passengers.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Boeing: 777X|url=http://www.boeing.com/commercial/777x/|access-date=2021-01-12|website=www.boeing.com|archive-date=30 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230003600/http://www.boeing.com/commercial/777x/|url-status=live}}</ref> Longer ranges [[Longest flights#Other record flights (non-scheduled)|are possible]] when not carrying passengers.

New airliners like the [[Airbus A330neo]], [[Airbus A350]] and [[Boeing 787]] enable economically sustainable nonstop ultra-long-haul operations on thinner routes with fewer demands, because all the previous planes capable of providing nonstop ultra-long-haul services are larger and thus more expensive to operate compared to these planes, which in turn require more tickets or high-end seating to be sold and more demands between both destinations to maintain the profitability of those services.<ref>{{cite news |author= Max Kingsley-Jones |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/routes-new-widebodies-are-network-planning-game-changers-404032/ |title= New widebodies are 'network-planning game changers' |work= [[FlightGlobal]] |publisher= Reed Business Information |date= 22 September 2014 |access-date= 17 December 2016 |archive-date= 10 October 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141010183341/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/routes-new-widebodies-are-network-planning-game-changers-404032/ |url-status= live }}</ref> For example, an all-business-class configuration used in A340 back then,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-10-12 |title=The world's longest non-stop flight arrives in New York |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-45834964 |access-date=2025-11-21 |language=en-GB}}</ref> thus, passenger experience also differs from other routes. Given flight durations exceeding 16 hours, specially designed cabins and high-speed internet have been introduced accordingly, like stretching zone and [[sleep pod]], sky bar<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schlappig |first=Ben |date=2025-02-24 |title=Which Airlines Have Onboard Bars & Lounges? |url=https://onemileatatime.com/guides/airplane-bars-lounges/ |access-date=2025-11-20 |website=One Mile at a Time |language=en-US}}</ref>, improved airliners gradually gaining popularity on long-haul routes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gustafsson |first=Daniel |date=2025-10-16 |title=Ultra Long-Haul Flights: Nonstop Journeys Over 16 Hours Explained |url=https://www.flightradar24.com/blog/aviation-explainer-series/ultra-long-haul-flights-explained/ |access-date=2025-11-20 |website=Flightradar24 Blog |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=McClure |first=Tess |date=2023-05-10 |title=Air New Zealand to charge over $400 for a four hour snooze in the sky |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/10/air-new-zealand-to-charge-over-400-for-a-four-hour-snooze-in-the-sky |access-date=2025-11-20 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Chui |first=Sam |date=2017-08-31 |title=The new Emirates A380 Onboard Lounge |url=https://samchui.com/2017/08/31/the-new-emirates-a380-onboard-lounge/ |access-date=2025-11-20 |website=SamChui.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Envisioned ultra long-haul flights == {{see also|Longest flights#Envisioned_services_(by_distance)|label 1=Longest flights § Envisioned Services}}

== See also == {{Portal|Aviation}} *[[Flight length]] *[[Flight time]] *[[Longest flights]] *[[ETOPS/LROPS]] *[[International flight]]

== References == {{Reflist|30em}}

== External links == *[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=travel&res=9E0CE1D81139F933A1575AC0A964958260 Understanding Travelspeak]

[[Category:Civil aviation]]