List of Latin-script pentagraphs

{{Short description|none}} {{Unreferenced|date=October 2021}} In the [[Latin script]], [[pentagraph]]s are found primarily in [[Irish orthography]]. There is one archaic pentagraph in [[German orthography]], which is found in the English words ''[[Nietzsche|Nie'''tzsch'''ean]]'' and derivatives ([[wikt:Nietzscheanism|Nietzscheanism]], Nietzscheanist, Nietzscheism, Nietzscheist).

==Examples==

===Irish=== Used between a [[velarization|velarized]] ("broad") and a [[Palatalization (phonetics)|palatalized]] ("slender") [[consonant]]:

{{vr|'''abhai'''}}, {{vr|'''obhai'''}}, {{vr|'''odhai'''}}, and {{vr|'''oghai'''}} are used to write {{IPA|/əu̯/}} (like [[Received Pronunciation|RP]] 'oa' in 'goat'; {{IPA|/oː/}} in [[Ulster Irish|Ulster]])

{{vr|'''amhai'''}} is used to write {{IPA|/əu̯/}}

{{vr|'''adhai'''}} and {{vr|'''aghai'''}} are used to write {{IPA|/əi̯/}} ({{IPA|/eː/}} in Ulster)

{{vr|'''aidhe'''}}, {{vr|'''aighe'''}}, {{vr|'''oidhi'''}}, {{vr|'''oidhe'''}}, {{vr|'''oighi'''}} and {{vr|'''oidhe'''}} are used to write {{IPA|/əi̯/}}

{{vr|'''omhai'''}} is used to write {{IPA|/oː/}}

{{vr|'''umhai'''}} is used to write {{IPA|/uː/}}

Used between a slender and a broad consonant:

{{vr|'''eabha'''}} and {{vr|'''eobha'''}} used to write {{IPA|/əu̯/}} ({{IPA|/oː/}} in Ulster)

{{vr|'''eamha'''}} is used to write {{IPA|/əu̯/}}

{{vr|'''eadha'''}} and {{vr|'''eagha'''}} are used to write {{IPA|/əi̯/}} ({{IPA|/eː/}} in Ulster)

{{vr|'''eomha'''}} is used to write {{IPA|/oː/}}

Used between two slender consonants:

{{vr|'''eidhi'''}} and {{vr|'''eighi'''}} are used to write {{IPA|/əi̯/}}:

===Dutch=== {{angbr|'''sjtsj'''}} is used as the transcription of the Cyrillic letter Щ, representing the consonant {{IPA|/ɕː/}} in [[Russian language|Russian]], for example in the name [[Khrushchev (surname)|''Chroesjtsjov'']].

=== English === {{Angle bracket|'''augha'''}} is used in the [[English language|English]] names ''[[Gaughan]]'' and ''[[Vaughan (disambiguation)|Vaughan]]'' to represent the sound /ɔː/.

===French=== {{angbr|'''chtch'''}} is used as the transcription of the Cyrillic letter Щ, representing the consonant {{IPA|/ɕː/}} in [[Russian language|Russian]], for example in the name [[Khrushchev (surname)|''Khrouchtchev'']].

{{angbr|'''cques'''}} is pronounced as /k(ə)/ when the silent plural suffix ''-s'' is added to the tetragraph ''cque'' and in the proper name ''[[Jacques]]''.

===German=== {{angbr|'''tzsch'''}} was once used in German to write the sound {{IPA|/tʃ/}} (ch as in cheese). It has largely been replaced by the [[tetragraph]] {{angbr|tsch}}, but is still found in [[proper name]]s such as [[Heinrich Gottlieb Tzschirner|Tzschirner]], [[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]], [[Fritzsche (disambiguation)|Fritzsche]], and [[Delitzsch]].

===St. Lawrence Island Yupik=== {{angbr|'''ngngw'''}} is used in the variant of [[Central Siberian Yupik language]] spoken on [[St. Lawrence Island]] to write the sound {{IPA|/ŋ̊ʷ/}} i.e. the [[Labialization|labialized]] version of the [[voiceless velar nasal]]. Exaple: "naangngwaaghaquq" ('he/she/it is swimming').{{sfnp|Jacobson|2001|p=1-3}}

==Notes== {{Reflist}}

==References== {{Refbegin}} * {{Citation |last=Jacobson |first=Steven |year=2001 |title=A practical grammar of the St. Lawrence Island / Siberian Yupik Eskimo Language |edition=second |location=Fairbanks |publisher=Alaska Native Language Center |ISBN=978-1-55500-077-6 }} {{Refend}}

{{Latin script}} [[Category:Latin-script pentagraphs| ]]