{{Short description|Trademark of limestone from Canada}} {{Use Canadian English|date=May 2014}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} [[File:UofS Stone Crest.jpg|thumb|This carved Tyndall Stone coat of arms on the University of Saskatchewan campus shows the stone's characteristic mottling.]] [[File:Tyndal Stone with fossil.jpg|thumb|Fossil ''Receptaculites'' and ''Thalassinoides'' in Tyndall Stone.]]
'''Tyndall Stone''' is a registered trademark name by Gillis Quarries Ltd. Tyndall Stone is a dolomitic limestone that is quarried from the Selkirk Member of the Ordovician Red River Formation in the vicinity of Garson and Tyndall, Manitoba, Canada. It is a cream-coloured limestone with a pervasive mottling of darker dolomite. The mottling gives the rock a tapestry-like effect, and it is popular for use as a building and ornamental stone.<ref name="Glass">Glass, D.J. (editor) 1997. Lexicon of Canadian Stratigraphy, vol. 4, Western Canada including eastern British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and southern Manitoba. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Calgary, 1423 p. on CD-ROM. {{ISBN|0-920230-23-7}}.</ref><ref name="GSC" /><ref name="Hamilton">{{cite book|last1=Hamilton|first1=W.N. and Edwards, W.A.D. 2002|title=Industrial minerals in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. In: Scott, P.W. and Bristow, C.M. (eds.), Industrial Minerals and Extractive Industry Geology, Based on Papers Presented at the Combined 36th Forum on the Geology of Industrial Minerals and 11th Extractive Industry Geology Conference, Bath, England, 7th–12th May, 2000; Geological Society of London Special Publication, 2002, p. 103-141; |year=2002| isbn=978-1-86239-099-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=31UpYIGp3ScC&pg=PA109}}</ref>
Tyndall Stone is highly fossiliferous and the fossils contribute to its aesthetic appeal. It contains numerous fossil gastropods, brachiopods, cephalopods, trilobites, corals, stromatoporoids, ''Receptaculites'', and others. The mottling results from burrowing by marine creatures that occurred during and shortly after limestone deposition.<ref>Kendall, A.C. 1977. Origin of dolomite mottling in Ordovician limestones from Saskatchewan and Manitoba. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, vol. 25, p. 480-504.</ref> The identity of the burrowing organisms is not known, but fossil burrows of this type have been given the name ''Thalassinoides''.<ref name="GSC" />
Tyndall Stone was first used in 1832 for building Lower Fort Garry, and has since become popular for building purposes throughout Canada and the United States. The Canadian Parliament Buildings in Ottawa, Ontario, the Saskatchewan Legislative Building in Regina, Saskatchewan, the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, the Queen Elizabeth II Building in Edmonton, Alberta, the Canadian Museum of History in Gatineau, Quebec, the Manitoba Legislative Building in Winnipeg, Manitoba, the Banff Springs Hotel,<ref>{{cite web |title=Historic Hotels Worldwide |url=https://www.historichotels.org/hotels-resorts/fairmont-banff-springs/discover.php |website=Historic Hotels Worldwide |access-date=25 February 2023 |language=en}}</ref> the Empress Hotel in Victoria, British Columbia, the Appartements le Château in Montreal, Quebec<ref>{{cite web |url=http://appartementslechateau.com/Default.asp |title=Appartements Le Château |website=appartementslechateau.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080917231612/http://www.appartementslechateau.com/default.asp |archive-date=2008-09-17}} </ref> and many others include Tyndall Stone in their construction.<ref name="Manitoba">{{cite web|last1=Manitoba Industry, Economic Development and Mines|title=Industrial Minerals, Commodity Summary: Tyndall Stone|url=http://www.gov.mb.ca/itm/mrd/busdev/industrial/tyndal.html|publisher=Government of Manitoba|accessdate=15 July 2016|url-status=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041211061823/http://www.gov.mb.ca/itm/mrd/busdev/industrial/tyndal.html|archivedate=11 December 2004}}</ref><ref name="Gillis" />
The Tyndall Stone quarry is operated by Gillis Quarries Ltd. and is located approximately 40 kilometres northeast of Winnipeg, Manitoba. The quarry has been in operation, and owned by the same family, since 1910.<ref name="Gillis">{{cite web |last1=Gillis Quarries Limited|title=History|url=http://www.tyndallstone.com/companyindex.html|accessdate=15 July 2016}}</ref>
In 2023, Tyndall Stone was designated as a Global Heritage Stone Resource, the only one of Canadian origin.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/manitoba-tyndall-stone-global-heritage-designation-1.6724169 |title=Manitoba Tyndall Stone gets global heritage designation for 'broad significance to humanity' |last=Bernhardt |first=Darren |work=CBC News |date=2023-01-24 |access-date=2023-01-30}}</ref>
== Cultural reference == Author Carol Shields described Tyndall Stone in her Pulitzer Prize winning novel, ''The Stone Diaries''.<ref name="GSC">{{cite web|last1=Geological Survey of Canada|title=Past lives: Chronicles of Canadian Paleontology, Tyndall Stone|url=http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/paleochron/17_e.php|accessdate=15 July 2016|url-status=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111214134948/http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/paleochron/17_e.php|archivedate=14 December 2011}}</ref>
== References == {{Reflist}}
== External links == {{Wiktionary}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20041211061823/http://www.gov.mb.ca/itm/mrd/busdev/industrial/tyndal.html Tyndall Stone at Manitoba Industry, Economic Development and Mines] <!-- Accessed 6 May 2014 --> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111214134948/http://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/paleochron/17_e.php Tyndall Stone® at Geological Survey of Canada] <!-- Accessed 6 May 2014 --> * [http://www.tyndallstone.com/mainindex.html Gillis Quarries, operator of Tyndall Stone® quarry] <!-- Accessed 20 January 2006 --> * [http://www.whaton.uwaterloo.ca/waton/s9911.html Manitoba's Tyndall Stone® by Mario Coniglio] <!-- Accessed 6 May 2014 --> * [http://www.geocaching.com/geocache/GC2WB1Z_tyndall-stone GeoCache of Tyndall Stone® building with fossil descriptions] <!-- Accessed 6 May 2014 -->
Category:Quarrying Category:Limestone Category:Dolomite (rock) Category:Building stone Category:Architecture in Canada Category:Geologic formations of Manitoba