{{short description|Rural locality in Ingushetia}} {{Infobox Russian inhabited locality |en_name=Tyarsh |ru_name=Тярш |loc_name1=ТIаьрш{{efn|name=name|{{indent}}{{*}}Commonly mentioned as ''''Thärsh'''' ({{langx|inh|ТIаьрш}}),{{sfn|Барахоева|Кодзоев|Хайров|2016|page=30}}{{sfn|Кодзоев|2021|page=566}} however the village was sometimes mentioned as ''''Thärshe'''' ({{langx|inh|ТIаьрше}}).{{sfn|Мальсагов|1963|page=149}}}} |loc_lang1=Ingush |other_name= |other_lang= |image_skyline= |image_caption= |coordinates= {{coord|42|47|58|N|44|47|05|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=right |image_flag= |flag_caption= |image_coa= |coa_caption= |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday= |holiday_ref= <!----ADMINISTRATIVE STATUS----> |federal_subject= [[Ingushetia]] |federal_subject_ref= |adm_data_as_of= |adm_city_jur= [[Dzheyrakhsky District, Republic of Ingushetia|Dzheyrakhsky District]] |adm_city_jur_ref= |adm_ctr_of= |adm_ctr_of_ref= |inhabloc_cat=Aul |inhabloc_cat_ref= |inhabloc_type= |inhabloc_type_ref= <!----MUNICIPAL STATUS----> |mun_data_as_of= |mun_district_jur= |mun_district_jur_ref= |urban_settlement_jur= |urban_settlement_ref= |mun_admctr_of= |mun_admctr_of_ref= |leader_title= |leader_title_ref= |leader_name= |leader_name_ref= |representative_body= |representative_body_ref= <!----STATISTICS----> |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2= |area_km2 ref= |pop_2010census=0 |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest=0 |pop_latest_date=2021 |pop_latest_ref=<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/vpn_popul |script-title=ru:Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 года |script-website=ru:Федеральная служба государственной статистики}}</ref> <!----HISTORY----> |established_date= |established_title= |established_date_ref= |current_cat_date= |current_cat_date_ref= |prev_name1= |prev_name1_date= |prev_name1_ref= <!----MISCELLANEA----> |postal_codes=386430 |postal_codes_ref= |dialing_codes= |dialing_codes_ref= |website= |website_ref= }}

'''Tyarsh'''{{sfn|Атабиев|2016|pages=16, 88}} or '''Tarsh'''{{sfn|Атабиев|2016|page=17, 22–23, 25, 91–92}}{{efn|Also '''Torsh''', '''Tersh'''{{sfn|Атабиев|2016|page=25}} or '''Tershi'''.{{sfn|Кобычев|1982|pages=29, 183}}}} ({{langx|inh|ТIаьрш|Thärsh}}{{efn|name=name}}), is an [[aul]] in the [[Dzheyrakhsky District]] of [[Ingushetia]]. It is part of the rural settlement of Olgeti (administrative center rural settlement). Tyarsh is the ancestral aul of [[Ingush people|Ingush]] clan (''[[teip]]'') [[Torshkhoy]] ({{langx|inh|ТIоаршхой|italic=yes}}).{{sfn|Атабиев|2016|page=25}}

== History == Historically Tyarsh was part of the [[Fyappiy|Fyappin society]].<ref>Генко А. Н. Из культурного прошлого ингушей. — Ленинград: Записки коллегии востоковедов. «Издательство Академии наук СССР», 1930.</ref>

In 1810–1811 according to the testimony of representatives of the Ingush in connection with the entry of the latter into [[Russians|Russian]] citizenship. The statement lists 13 villages of mountainous [[Ingushetia]], among them, is Tarsh (Tershi) in which there are 29 households.{{sfn|Кобычев|1982|page=23}}

One theory suggests that [[Tarskoye]] valley got its name from the village of Tyarsh in the Metskhal society.

Researchers have also found evidence of festivities in honor of the god Bolom-Dyal in the villages of [[Erzi (village)|Arzi]], Tyarsh, Kelbizhti and the area of Makhate.<ref>ИСХОДНЫЕ ФУНКЦИИ, СЕМАНТИКА И АНАЛОГИИ БОГА ДЯЛА В РЕЛИГИОЗНЫХ ВОЗЗРЕНИЯХ ИНГУШЕЙ АКИЕВА П. Х.</ref>

=== Medieval Era === A large [[tower]] village of the castle type, Tyarsh was located on the spur of Mount Mat-Lam. The village was fortified with 3 combat, 3 semi-combat, and 8 residential towers, as well as stone defensive walls from the late Middle Ages. These towers were part of independent, but closely interconnected powerful castle complexes.{{sfn|Атабиев|2016|page=25}}

The Tyarsh village was known to be the origin of several prominent Ingush families, including the Tarshkhoevs, Daskievs, Daskhoevs, Marzabekovs, Polievs, Soslanovs, and Gudantovs.{{sfn|Атабиев|2016|page=25}}

=== Necropolis ===

0.3&nbsp;km south of Tyarsh, on a gentle mountain slope, there is a compact group of necropolis of seven above-ground collective crypts from the late Middle Ages of the 16th-18th centuries. However, these crypts were partially destroyed in 1944.{{sfn|Атабиев|2016|page=25}}

North and north-west of Tyarsh, there are ground crypt tombs and a late medieval core-shaped mausoleum with a round base and a cone-shaped top.{{sfn|Атабиев|2016|page=25}}

== Geography == Tyarsh is located on the spurs of the Rocky Range. The nearest villages: in the north - Guli, in the south-west - Olgeti.<ref>Военно-топографическая пятиверстная карта Кавказского края 1877 года</ref>

== Notes == {{notelist}} {{reflist|group=n}}

== References == {{reflist}}

== Bibliography == {{sfn whitelist |CITEREFБарахоеваКодзоевХайров2016|CITEREFКодзоев2021 |CITEREFМальсагов1963}} {{refbegin}} * {{Cite book|last=Атабиев|first=Б. Х.|year=2016|url=http://www.pravitelstvori.ru/upload/proekt-zon-okhrany-erzi-a3-.pdf|title=Проект границ территории, предмета охраны и зон охраны объекта культурного наследия федерального значения "комплекс сооружений" XV-XVII вв. (ансамбль). Республика Ингушетия, Джейрахский Муниципальный Район, с.п. Ольгетти, с. Эрзи|trans-title=The project of the boundaries of the territory, the object of protection and zones of protection object of cultural heritage of federal significance "a complex of structures" of the XV-XVII centuries. (ensemble). Republic of Ingushetia, Dzheyrakhsky Municipal District, r.m. Olgetti, v. Erzi|language=ru|location=Нальчик|publisher=Институт Археологии Кавказа|pages=1–154}}

* {{Cite book|last=Кобычев|first=Е. П.|year=1982|url=https://m.vk.com/wall-67308657_4370|title=Поселения и жилище народов Северного Кавказа в XIX—XX вв..|trans-title=Settlements and dwellings of the peoples of the North Caucasus in the 19th - 20th centuries|language=ru|location=Москва|publisher=Наука|pages=1–200|isbn=}}

* {{Cite Ingush-Russian Dictionary of terms 2016}} * {{Cite Russian-Ingush Dictionary 2021}} * {{Cite Grammar of the Ingush language 1963}} * {{Cite book|last=Генко|first=А. Н.|year=1930|chapter-url=https://dzurdzuki.com/download/genko-a-n-iz-kulturnogo-proshlogo-ingushej-1930/|chapter=Из культурного прошлого ингушей|trans-chapter=From the cultural past of the Ingush|title=Записки коллегии востоковедов при Азиатском музее|trans-title=Notes of the College of Orientalists at the Asian Museum|language=ru|volume=5|location=Ленинград|publisher=Издательство Академии наук СССР|pages=681–761}} {{refend}} {{Rural localities in Ingushetia}} [[Category:Rural localities in Ingushetia]]