{{Short description|Canton in San José province, Costa Rica}} {{Expand Spanish|Cantón de Turrubares|date=October 2024|topic=geo}} {{Infobox settlement |name = Turrubares |native_name_lang = es |settlement_type = [[Cantons of Costa Rica|Canton]] |pushpin_map = Costa Rica San José#Costa Rica |pushpin_map_alt = Turrubares canton location in San José Province##Turrubares canton location in Costa Rica |pushpin_map_caption = Turrubares canton location in San José Province##Turrubares canton location in Costa Rica |coordinates = {{coord|9.7474683|-84.4975157|type:adm2nd_region:CR|display=inline,title}} |image_flag = Bandera de Turrubares (Costa Rica).svg |image_seal = Escudo del Cantón de Turrubares.png |image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|type=shape|title=Turrubares canton}} |map_alt = Turrubares canton |map_caption = Turrubares canton |image_skyline = |image_alt = |image_caption = |established_title = Creation |established_date = 30 July 1920 |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{CRI}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Costa Rica|Province]] |subdivision_name1 = [[San José Province|San José]] |seat_type = Head city |seat = [[San Pablo District, Turrubares|San Pablo]] |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Martin Vargas Calderón ([[United We Can (Costa Rica)|UP]]) |government_type = [[Local government in Costa Rica|Municipality]] |governing_body = {{lang|es|Municipalidad de Turrubares}} |parts_type = [[Districts of Costa Rica|Districts]] |parts_style = list |parts = Districts |p1 = [[San Pablo District, Turrubares|San Pablo]] |p2 = [[San Pedro District, Turrubares|San Pedro]] |p3 = [[San Juan de Mata District|San Juan de Mata]] |p4 = [[San Luis District, Turrubares|San Luis]] |p5 = [[Carara District|Carara]] |area_total_km2 = 416.25 |elevation_m = 313 |population_total = 5512 |population_as_of = 2011 |population_est = 6173 |pop_est_as_of = 2022 |population_density_km2 = auto |timezone1 = [[UTC−06:00]] |blank_name = Canton code |blank_info = 116 |website = {{URL|https://www.turrubares.go.cr/}} }} '''Turrubares''' is a [[Cantons of Costa Rica|canton]] in the [[San José Province|San José]] province of [[Costa Rica]].<ref name="divadm">{{cite web |language=es |title=Declara oficial para efectos administrativos, la aprobación de la División Territorial Administrativa de la República N°41548-MGP |url=http://www.pgrweb.go.cr/scij/Busqueda/Normativa/Normas/nrm_texto_completo.aspx?param1=NRTC&nValor1=1&nValor2=88416&nValor3=115607&param2=1&strTipM=TC&lResultado=1&strSim=simp |website=Sistema Costarricense de Información Jurídica |access-date=26 September 2020 |date=19 March 2019}}</ref><ref name="dta2017">{{cite book |language=es |title=División Territorial Administrativa de la República de Costa Rica|date=8 March 2017|publisher=Editorial Digital de la Imprenta Nacional|isbn=978-9977-58-477-5|url=https://www.imprentanacional.go.cr/editorialdigital/libros/historiaygeografia/division_17.pdf}}</ref>

== History == Turrubares was created on 30 July 1920 by decree 56.<ref name="dta2017"/><ref name="crevoterritorial">{{cite book |last1=Hernández |first1=Hermógenes |title=Costa Rica: evolución territorial y principales censos de población 1502 - 1984 |date=1985 |publisher=Editorial Universidad Estatal a Distancia |location=San José |isbn=9977-64-243-5 |pages=164–173 |edition=1 |url=https://ccp.ucr.ac.cr/bvp/mapoteca/CostaRica/generales/atlas_censal/ |access-date=5 October 2020 |language=es}}</ref>

== Government == === Mayor === According to Costa Rica's [[Local government in Costa Rica|Municipal Code]], mayors are elected every four years by the population of the canton.<ref name="codmuni">{{Cite web |author=Asamblea Legislativa de la República de Costa Rica |author-link=Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica |date=13 May 2024 |title=Código Municipal |trans-title=Municipal Code |url=http://www.pgrweb.go.cr/scij/Busqueda/Normativa/Normas/nrm_texto_completo.aspx?nValor1=1&nValor2=40197 |website=Sistema Costarricense de Información Jurídica |language=es}}</ref> As of the latest [[2024 Costa Rican municipal elections|municipal elections in 2024]], the [[United We Can]] (UP) candidate, Martin Vargas Calderón, was elected mayor of the canton with 46.64% of the votes, with Kattia Chacón Rodríguez and Luis Mariano Vargas Rojas as first and second vice mayors, respectively.<ref name="2024alcdec2">{{Cite web |author=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |author-link=Supreme Electoral Court of Costa Rica |date=8 March 2024 |title=N.° 1658-E11-2024 - Declaratoria de elección de alcaldías y vicealcaldías de las municipalidades de los cantones de la provincia de San José, para el período comprendido entre el primero de mayo de dos mil veinticuatro y el treinta de abril de dos mil veintiocho. |url=https://www.tse.go.cr/juris/relevantes/1658-E11-2024.html |language=es}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto" |+ Mayors of Turrubares since the [[2002 Costa Rican municipal elections|2002 elections]]<ref name="decs">{{Cite web |author=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |author-link=Supreme Electoral Court of Costa Rica |title=Resoluciones declaratorias de elección |url=https://www.tse.go.cr/declaratorias.htm |website=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |language=es}}</ref> !Period !Name !Party |- |[[2002 Costa Rican municipal elections|2002–2006]] |Roberto González Cordero | rowspan="2" |[[File:Bandera del Partido Unidad Social Cristiana.svg|border|frameless|upright=.1]] [[Social Christian Unity Party|PUSC]] |- |[[2006 Costa Rican municipal elections|2006–2010]] |Rafael Vindas Vindas |- |[[2010 Costa Rican municipal elections|2010–2016]] |Bolívar Monge Granados | rowspan="2" |[[File:Bandera de Partido Liberación Nacional.svg|border|frameless|upright=.1]] [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|PLN]] |- |[[2016 Costa Rican municipal elections|2016–2020]] | rowspan="2" |Giovanni Madrigal Ramírez |- |[[2020 Costa Rican municipal elections|2020–2024]] |[[File:Bandera Partido Comunal Unido Costa Rica.svg|border|frameless|upright=.1]] {{Abbr|PCU|United Communal Party}} |- |[[2024 Costa Rican municipal elections|2024–2028]] |Martin Vargas Calderón |[[File:Bandera Partido Unidos Podemos CR.svg|border|frameless|upright=.1]] [[United We Can|UP]] |}

=== Municipal Council === Like the mayor and vice mayors, members of the Municipal Council (called {{lang|es|regidores}}) are elected every four years. Turrubares' Municipal Council has 5 seats for regidores and their substitutes, who can participate in meetings but not vote unless the owning regidor ({{Lang|es|regidor propietario}}) is absent.<ref name="codmuni"/> The Municipal Council's composition for the 2024–2028 period is as follows:

{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="margin:auto;" |+ Composition of the Municipal Council of Turrubares after the [[2024 Costa Rican municipal elections|2024 municipal elections]]<ref name="2024regdec2">{{Cite web |author=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |author-link=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones de Costa Rica |date=12 February 2024 |title=N.° 2218-E11-2024 - Declaratoria de elección de regidurías de las municipalidades de los cantones de la provincia de San José, para el período comprendido entre el primero de mayo de dos mil veinticuatro y el treinta de abril de dos mil veintiocho. |url=https://www.tse.go.cr/juris/relevantes/2218-E11-2024.html |language=es}}</ref> |- | colspan="6" |[[File:Costa Rica Turrubares Concejo Municipal 2024.svg|frameless|center]] |- ! colspan="6" |'''Political parties in the Municipal Council of Turrubares''' |----- ! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |Political party ! colspan="3" |Regidores |- !№ !Owner !Substitute |- | rowspan="2" |[[File:Bandera Partido Unidos Podemos CR.svg|border|frameless|upright=.2]] | rowspan="2" |[[United We Can]] (UP) | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#6F4197" | | rowspan="2" |2 |Manuel Rodrigo González Castro |Edwin Chaves Chavarría |- |Ana Julia Trejos Arias |Bellanira Pérez Mena |- | rowspan="2" |[[File:Bandera Partido Liberal Progresista Costa Rica.svg|border|frameless|upright=.2]] | rowspan="2" | [[Progressive Liberal Party (Costa Rica)|Progressive Liberal Party]] (PLP) | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#FE6900" | | rowspan="2" |2 |Alexander Jiménez Torres |Didier Valverde Arias |----- |Yorleny Madrigal Ramírez |Vera Cascante Sandí |- |[[File:Bandera de Partido Liberación Nacional.svg|border|frameless|upright=.2]] |[[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party]] (PLN) | bgcolor="#186E47" | |1 |Virginia Salazar Agüero |Erika Vanessa Salazar Madrigal |}

== Geography == Turrubares has an area of {{cvt|416.25|km2}}<ref name="ignarea">{{Cite web |author=Instituto Geográfico Nacional de Costa Rica |date=20 June 2024 |title=División Territorial Administrativa, 2024 |trans-title=Administrative Territorial Division, 2024 |url=https://files.snitcr.go.cr/boletines/DTA-TABLA%20POR%20PROVINCIA-CANT%C3%93N-DISTRITO%202024.pdf |language=es |format=PDF}}</ref> and a mean elevation of {{cvt|313|m}}.<ref name="divadm"/>

The [[Tárcoles River|Grande de Tárcoles River]] delineates the north and northwest boundaries of the canton. The Carara River, Camaronal River and the Fila Negra (Black Mountains) establish the boundary on the west. The south and southwest is marked by the Tulin River, and the Galán River and Azul Creek delineate portions of the canton's border on the east.

== Districts == The canton of Turrubares is subdivided into the following [[Districts of Costa Rica|districts]]: # [[San Pablo District, Turrubares|San Pablo]] # [[San Pedro District, Turrubares|San Pedro]] # [[San Juan de Mata District|San Juan de Mata]] # [[San Luis District, Turrubares|San Luis]] # [[Carara District|Carara]]

== Demographics == {{CR Census population}} Turrubares had an estimated population of {{formatnum:6173}} inhabitants in 2022, the second lowest in the country behind [[Monteverde (canton)|Monteverde]], and up from {{formatnum:5512}} at the time of the [[Costa Rica 2011 Census|2011 census]].<ref name="censo2011">{{cite web |language=es |title=Censo. 2011. Población total por zona y sexo, según provincia, cantón y distrito |url=https://www.inec.cr/censos/censos-2011 |website=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos |access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref>

In 2022, Turrubares had a [[Human Development Index]] of 0.712.<ref name="2022hdi">{{Cite web |author=Sistema Nacional de Información y Registro Único de Beneficiarios del Estado |author2=Escuela de Estadística de la Universidad de Costa Rica |author-link2=University of Costa Rica |author3=Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo |author-link3=United Nations Development Programme |date=9 June 2023 |title=Atlas de Desarrollo Humano Cantonal en Costa Rica, 2022 |url=https://www.undp.org/es/costa-rica/publicaciones/atlas-de-desarrollo-humano-cantonal-2022/}}</ref>

== Transportation == === Road transportation === The canton is covered by the following road routes: {{Columns-list| *[[File:CR RNS 137.svg|25px]] [[National Route 137 (Costa Rica)|National Route 137]] *[[File:CR RNT 319.svg|25px]] [[National Route 319 (Costa Rica)|National Route 319]] *[[File:CR RNT 320.svg|25px]] [[National Route 320 (Costa Rica)|National Route 320]] *[[File:CR RNT 324.svg|25px]] [[National Route 324 (Costa Rica)|National Route 324]] *[[File:CR RNT 707.svg|25px]] [[National Route 707 (Costa Rica)|National Route 707]] }}

== References == {{Reflist}}

{{Provinces of Costa Rica}} {{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cantons of San José Province]] [[Category:Populated places in San José Province]]